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

3 [-$2#9&!8#%5,%#)"#*+,-4#-5&*$#$3-.*533$'$3&#)$#&*+-+."#*$%%$'D"$*+#6#2$",.E2.#K 0+*#$1$'("$4#-5,%#(5,-$C#&5,&#)$#%,.&$#,&.".%$*#"7.3&$*(*:&$,*#25''$#,3$#%.'("$#2+"2,"+&*.2$#)$ -5&*$#2+9.$*#)7$1$*2.2$%#(5,*#35&$*#"$%#*:%,"&+&%#>,.#+((+*+.%%$3&#6#"7:2*+3I#K >>> 5+3 >>> 2-9 # les espaces sont optionnels >>> * 4 # la hiérarchie des opérations mathématiques # est-elle respectée? >>> (7+3)*4 >>> 20 / 3 # surprise!!! F5''$#-5,%#(5,-$C#"$#253%&+&$*4#"$%#5(:*+&$,*%#+*.&9':&.>,$%#(5,*#"7+)).&.534#"+#%5,%&*+2&.534#"+ ',"&.(".2+&.53#$&#"+#).-.%.53#%53&#*$%($2&.-$'$3&#\4#E4#]#$&#^/#J$%#(+*$3&9A%$%#%53&#8532&.533$""$%/ Par défaut, la division est cependant une division entière, ce qui signifie que si on lui fournit des arguments qui sont des nombres entiers, le résultat de la division est lui-même un entier (tronqué), comme dans le dernier exemple ci-dessus. L.#-5,%#-5,"$C#>,7,3#+*=,'$3&#%5.&#25'(*.%#(+*#0?&953 25''$#:&+3&#,3#35'D*$#*:$"4#."#8+,&#"$#",.#8+.*$#%+-5.*4#$3#85,*3.%%+3&#+,#'5.3%#,3#(5.3&#):2.'+" _ / O%%+?$C#(+*#$1$'("$#K >>> 20.0 / 3 `#H25'(+*$C#"$#*:%,"&+&#+-$2#2$",.#5D&$3,#6#"7$1$*2.2$#(*:2:)$3&I >>> 8./5 L.#,3$#5(:*+&.53#$%&#$88$2&,:$#+-$2#)$%#+*=,'$3&%#)$#&?($%#':"+3=:%#H$3&.$*%#$&#*:$"%I4#0?& $*&.&#+,&5'+&.>,$'$3&#"$%#5(:*+3)$%#$3#*:$"%#+-+3&#)7$88$2&,$*#"75(:*+&.53/#O%%+?$C#K >>> 4 * 2.5 / 3.3 _ G+3%#&5,%#"$%#"+3=+=$%#)$#(*5=*+''+&.534#"$%#253-$3&.53%#'+&9:'+&.>,$%#)$#D+%$#%53&#2$""$%#$3#-.=,$,*#)+3%#"$% (+?%#+3="5(953$%#K#"$#%:(+*+&$,*#):2.'+"#%$*+#)532#&5,a5,*%#,3#(5.3&4#$&#353#,3$#-.*=,"$#25''$#29$C#35,%/ G+3%#"$#'53)$#)$#"7.385*'+&.>,$4#"$%#35'D*$%#*:$"%#%53&#%5,-$3&#):%.=3:%#25''$#)$%#35'D*$%#b6#-.*=,"$#8"5&&+3&$b4 5,#$325*$#)$%#35'D*$%#b)$#&?($#,1%*(b/ cd/#

4 !"! 31224)5+)/+,%*6%7&)5 e5,%#+,*53%#"7522+%.53#)$#):&+.""$*#(",%#"5.3#"$%#).88:*$3&%#&?($%#)$#)533:$%#3,':*.>,$%/#s+.% +-+3&#2$"+4#35,%#(5,-53%#)A%#6#(*:%$3&#+D5*)$*#,3#2532$(&#)$#=*+3)$#.'(5*&+32$#K J7$%%$3&.$"#),#&*+-+."#$88$2&,:#(+*#,3#(*5=*+''$#)75*).3+&$,*#253%.%&$#6#'+3.(,"$*#)$%#&%""2!3/ f I4#'+.%#)+3%#"+#':'5.*$ )$#"75*).3+&$,*#$""$%#%$#*+'A3$3&#&5,a5,*%#$3#):8.3.&.-$#6#4"!#34'(!#,'"'!#&!#"%$5)!3#5'"*')!3/ 05,*#(5,-5.*#+22:)$*#+,1#)533:$%4#"$#(*5=*+''$#)75*).3+&$,*#H>,$"#>,$#%5.&#"$#"+3=+=$#)+3% "$>,$"#."#$%&#:2*.&I#8+.&#+D53)+''$3&#,%+=$#)7,3#=*+3)#35'D*$#)$#6*)'*51!3#)$#).88:*$3&%#&?($%/ g3$#-+*.+d"$#+((+*+m&#)+3%#,3#"+3=+=$#)$#(*5=*+''+&.53#%5,%#,3#"%$#&!#6*)'*51!#6#($,#(*a% >,$"253>,$#H-5.*#2.E+(*A%I4#'+.%#(5,*#"75*).3+&$,*#."#%7+=.&#)7,3$#)2,2)!"+!#):%.=3+3&#,3$#*&)!33! $2$%')!4#27$%&E6E).*$#,3#$'("+2$'$3&#(*:2.%#)+3%#"+#':'5.*$#-.-$/ [#2$&#$'("+2$'$3&#$%&#%&52T:#,3$#6*1!4)#D.$3#):&$*'.3:$/#F7$%&#"+#)533:$#(*5(*$'$3&#).&$4#>,. $%&#)532#%&52T:$#%5,%#"+#85*'$#)7,3$#%,.&$#)$#35'D*$%#D.3+.*$%4#'+.%#>,.#37$%&#(+%#3:2$%%+.*$'$3&,3#35'D*$#+,1#?$,1#),#"+3=+=$ #)$#(*5=*+''+& '(5*&$#>,$"#;#5Da$&#<#%,%2$(&.D"$#)7@&*$#("+2:#)+3%#"+#':'5.*$#)7,3#5*).3+&$,*4#(+*#$1$'("$#K#,3 35'D*$ # $3&.$*4 #,3 # 35'D*$ # *:$"4 #,3 # 35'D*$ # 25'("$1$4 #,3 # -$2&$,*4 #,3$ # 29+M3$ # )$ # 2+*+2&A*$% &?(5=*+(9.>,$%4#,3#&+D"$+,4#,3$#8532&.534#$&2/ 05,*#).%&.3=,$*#"$%#,3%#)$%#+,&*$%#2$%#).-$*%#253&$3,%#(5%%.D"$%4#"$#"+3=+=$#)$#(*5=*+''+& &#,%+=$ # )$#).88:*$3&% #(78!3 #&! # 6*)'*51!3/2 KA0 2<;B0 2L0#<"06L12A0 2 <;B0 2 L6D0AL1 2A0 2 <;B0 2L@=4M#0 2 f Q$02B0$<R+#2#$/D6"-0624$2S$-<02T#B5."6#,3$#>,$%&.53#&*A%#.'(5*&+3&$4#>,7."#-5,%#8+,)*+#):D+&&*$#)+3%#-5&*$#25,*% )7.385*'+&.>,$#=:3:*+"$/ cy/

5 !"8 91:5+;)+,%*6%7&)5+)/+:1/5+*45)*,45 Les noms de variables sont des noms que vous choisissez vous-même assez librement. Efforcezvous cependant de bien les choisir : de préférence assez courts, mais aussi explicites que possible, de manière à exprimer clairement ce que la variable est censée contenir. Par exemple, des noms de variables tel que altitude, altit ou alt conviennent mieux que x pour exprimer une altitude. Un bon programmeur doit veiller à ce que ses lignes d'instructions soient faciles à lire. Sous Python, les noms de variables doivent en outre obéir à quelques règles simples :! g3#35'#)$#-+*.+d"$#$%&#,3$#%:>,$32$#)$#"$&&*$%#h+# #C#4#[# #hi#$&#)$#29.88*$%#hd# #ZI4#>,. )5.&#&5,a5,*%#25''$32$*#(+*#,3$#"$&&*$/! L$,"$%#"$%#"$&&*$%#5*).3+.*$%#%53&#+,&5*.%:$%/#J$%#"$&&*$%#+22$3&,:$%4#"$%#2:).""$%4#"$%#$%(+2$%4#"$% 2+*+2&A*$%#%(:2.+,1#&$"%#>,$#i4#`4#j4#$&2/#%53&#.3&$*).&%4#6#"7$12$(&.53#),#2+*+2&A*$#k#H%5,".=3:I/! La casse est significative (les caractères majuscules et minuscules sont distingués). Attention : Joseph, joseph, JOSEPH sont donc des variables différentes. Soyez attentifs! 0*$3$C#"79+D.&,)$#)7:2*.*$#"7$%%$3&.$"#)$%#35'%#)$#-+*.+D"$%#$3#2+*+2&A*$%#'.3,%2,"$%#H?#25'(*.% "+#(*$'.A*$#"$&&*$ l I/#!"#%7+=.&#)7,3$#%.'("$#253-$3&.534#'+.%#$""$#$%&#"+*=$'$3&#*$%($2&:$/#e7,&.".%$C "$%#'+a,%2,"$%#>,76#"7.3&:*.$,*#'@'$#),#35'4#(5,*#$3#+,='$3&$*#:-$3&,$""$'$3&#"+#".%.d.".&:4#25''$ )+3%#<4JA0&0-34<"060-4#(+*#$1$'("$/ O3#(",%#)$#2$%#*A="$%4#."#8+,&#$325*$#+a5,&$*#>,$#-5,%#3$#(5,-$C#(+%#,&.".%$*#25''$#35'%#)$ -+*.+D"$%#"$%#cZ#;#'5&%#*:%$*-:%#<#2.E)$%%5,%#H."%#%53&#,&.".%:%#(+*#"$#"+3=+=$#",.E'@'$I#K (') (**+,$ -,+(. /0(** /&'$1'2+ )+3 ) *+ +4/+"$ +4+/ 31'(00# 3&, 3,&5 60&-( "&,$ 1' 1* 0(5-)( '&$ &, "(** ",1'$,(1*+,+$2,' $,# 7%10+ #1+0) l J$%#35'%#25''$3V+3&#(+*#,3$#'+a,%2,"$#3$#%53&#(+%#.3&$*).&%4#'+.%#"7,%+=$#-$,&#>,753#"$#*:%$*-$#(",&X&#+,1 -+*.+D"$%#>,.#):%.=3$3&#)$%#+1*33!3#H"$#2532$(&#)$#2"+%%$#%$*+#+D5*):#(",%#"5.3#)+3%#2$%#35&$%I/ cc/#

6 !"< e5,%#%+-53%#):%5*'+.%#25''$3&#295.%.*#a,).2.$,%$'$3&#,3#35'#)$#-+*.+d"$/#b5?53%#6#(*:%$3& 25''$3&#35,%#(5,-53%#$3#):8.3.*#,3$#$&#",.#*,,!+(!)#,3$#-+"$,*/#J$%#&$*'$%#;#+88$2&$*#,3$#-+"$,*#< 5,#;#+%%.=3$*#,3$#-+"$,*#<#6#,3$#-+*.+D"$#%53&#:>,.-+"$3&%/#!"%#):%.=3$3&#"75(:*+&.53#(+*#"+>,$""$#53 :&+D".&#,3#".$3#$3&*$#"$#35'#)$#"+#-+*.+D"$#$&#%+#-+"$,*#H%53#253&$3,I/ O3#0?&953#25''$#)+3%#)$#35'D*$,1#+,&*$%#"+3=+=$%4#"75(:*+&.53#)7+88$2&+&.53#$%&#*$(*:%$3&:$ (+*#"$#%.=3$#29*1! Z #K >>> n = 7 # donner à n la valeur 7 >>> msg = "Quoi de neuf?" # affecter la valeur "Quoi de neuf?" à msg >>> pi = # assigner sa valeur à la variable pi J$%#$1$'("$%#2.E)$%%,%#."",%&*$3&#)$%#.3%&*,2&.53%#)7+88$2&+&.53#0?&953#&5,&#6#8+.&#2"+%%.>,$%/ [(*A%#>,753#"$%#+.&#$1:2,&:$%4#."#$1.%&$#)+3%#"+#':'5.*$#)$#"75*).3+&$,*4#6#)$%#$3)*5.&%#).88:*$3&%#K! &*5.%#35'%#)$#-+*.+D"$%4#6#%+-5.*#'4#5*6#$&#"1! &*5.%#%:>,$32$%#)752&$&%4#5m#%53&#$325):$%#"$#35'D*$#$3&.$*#84#"+#29+M3$#)$#2+*+2&A*$%#92&1:)+ '+23:;#$&#"$#35'D*$#*:$"#<=>?>@A/ J$%#&*5.%#.3%&*,2&.53%#)7+88$2&+&.53#2.E)$%%,%#53&#$,#(5,*#$88$&#29+2,3$#)$#*:+".%$* #(",%.$,*% 5(:*+&.53%#)+3%#"+#':'5.*$#)$#"75*).3+&$,*#K! 2*:$*#$&#':'5*.%$*#,3#35'#)$#-+*.+D"$#n! ",.#+&&*.D,$*#,3#&?($#D.$3#):&$*'.3:#H2$#(5.3&#%$*+#$1(".2.&:#6#"+#(+=$#%,.-+3&$I#n! 2*:$*#$&#':'5*.%$*#,3$#-+"$,*#(+*&.2,".A*$#n! :&+D".*#,3#".$3#H(+*#,3#%?%&A'$#.3&$*3$#)$#(5.3&$,*%I#$3&*$#"$#35'#)$#"+#-+*.+D"$#$&#"7$'("+2$'$3& ':'5.*$#)$#"+#-+"$,*#25**$%(53)+3&$/ o3#($,&#'.$,1#%$#*$(*:%$3&$*#&5,&#2$"+#(+*#,3#)1(6,(55+:)bc$($#&$"#>,$#2$",.e2.#k ' 5*6 "1 8 92&1:)+:'+23:; <D>?>@A J$%#&*5.%#35'%#)$#-+*.+D"$%#%53&#)$% #)2,2)!"+!34#':'5*.%:$%#)+3%#,3$#C53$#(+*&.2,".A*$#)$#"+ ':'5.*$#>,$#"753#+(($""$ #!38*+!#&! #"%$34#+"5*% #>,$#"$% #-+"$,*%#25**$%(53)+3&$%#%53&#%.&,:$% +.""$,*%4#)+3%#)$%#$'("+2$'$3&%#(+*85.%#85*&#:"5.=3:%#"$%#,3%#)$%#+,&*$%/#e5,%#+,*53%#"7522+%.53#)$ (*:2.%$*#2$#2532$(&#(",%#"5.3#)+3%#2$%#(+=$%/# Z!"#8+,&#D.$3#25'(*$3)*$#>,7."#3$#%7+=.&#$3#+,2,3$#8+V53#)7,3$#:=+".&:4#$&#>,$#"753#+,*+.&#&*A%#D.$3#(,#295.%.*#,3#+,&*$ %?'D5".%'$4#&$"#>,$#': :8#(+*#$1$'("$4#25''$#53#"$#8+.&#%5,-$3&#)+3%#2$*&+.3%#(%$,)5E"+3=+=$%#%$*-+3&#6#):2*.*$ )$%#+"=5*.&9'$%4#(5,*#D.$3#'53&*$*#>,7."#%7+=.&#)$#*$".$*#,3#253&$3,#H"+#-+"$,*#fI#6#,3#253&$3+3&#H"+#-+*.+D"$#3I/## cp/

7 !"B =>>6'0)*+&%+,%&)(*+;C(2)+,%*6%7&) A la suite de l'exercice ci-dessus, nous disposons donc des trois variables n, msg et pi. Pour afficher leur valeur à l'écran, il existe deux possibilités. La première consiste à entrer au clavier le nom de la variable, puis <Enter>. Python répond en affichant la valeur correspondante : >>> n 7 >>> msg "Quoi de neuf?" >>> pi !"#%7+=.&#2$($3)+3&#"6#)7,3$#8532&.533+".&:#%$253)+.*$#)$#"7.3&$*(*:&$,*4#>,.#$%&#)$%&.3:$#6#-5,% 8+2.".&$*#"+#-.$#"5*%>,$#-5,%#8+.&$%#)$#%.'("$%#$1$*2.2$%#6#"+#".=3$#)$#25''+3)$/#[#"7.3&:*.$,*#)7,3 (*5=*+''$4#-5,%#,&.".%$*$C#&5,a5,*%#"7.3%&*,2&.53#",1'$#K >>> print msg Quoi de neuf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m#"753#&*5,-$#+,%%.#(+*#$1$'("$#!"-B4#(@=0/04#$&#>,$">,$%#+,&*$%/#o3#).*+#6#2$#%,a$& >,$ #1!#(78*9!#&!3#6*)'*51!3#3%43#=7(>%"#!3(#4"#(78*9!#&7"*$':4!4#(+*#5((5%.&.53#+, #(78*9! 3(*(':4!#>,.#$%&#)$#*A="$#(+*#$1$'("$#$3#?WW#5,#$3#X4I4/# Dans ces langages, il faut toujours - par des instructions distinctes - d'abord déclarer (définir) le nom et le type des variables, et ensuite seulement leur assigner un contenu, lequel doit bien entendu être compatible avec le type déclaré. Le typage statique est préférable dans le cas des langages compilés, parce qu'il permet d'optimiser l'opération de compilation (dont le résultat est un code binaire «figé»). Le typage dynamique quant à lui permet d'écrire plus aisément des constructions logiques de niveau élevé (métaprogrammation, réflexivité), en particulier dans le contexte de la programmation orientée objet (polymorphisme). Il facilite également l'utilisation de structures de données très riches telles que les listes et les dictionnaires. cq/#

8 !"G =>>)'/%/6125+:(&/6F&)5 L5,%#0?&9534#53#($,&#+%%.=3$*#,3$#-+"$,*#6#(",%.$,*%#-+*.+D"$%#%.',"&+3:'$3&/#O1$'("$#K >>> x = y = 7 >>> x 7 >>> y 7 o3#($,&#+,%%.#$88$2&,$*#)$%#*,,!+(*('%"3#8*)*11?1!3#6#"7+.)$#)7,3#%$,"#5(:*+&$,*#k >>> a, b = 4, 8.33 >>> a 4 >>> b 8.33 Dans cet exemple, les variables a et b prennent simultanément les nouvelles valeurs 4 et -DB464<0$62*D@"/4A124A+6-2Y$02A0-2A4#H4H0-2*02B6+H64//4<"+#2$<"A"-0#<2<+$S+$6-2A42@+#I0#<"+#20# I"H$0$62*4#-2A0-2B4;-2*02A4#H$024#HA4"-012@L0-<RGR*"602A028%'"(2*D@"/4AO2!426')941!12Y$4#<2G20AA0120-< <6N-2HD#D64A0/0#<2$<"A"-D02B+$62-DB46062*"UUD60#<-2DAD/0#<-2K46H$/0#<-120<@OP2@+//02+#2A02I+"<2*4#- #+<6020%0/BA012B+$62A0-2I46"4JA0-20AA0-R/Z/0-24"#-"2Y$02B+$62A0-2I4A0$6-2Y$L+#2A0$624<<6"J$0O ABC 0;!)+'+!3 c/y/ G:2*.-$C#"$#(",%#2"+.*$'$3&#$&#"$#(",%#25'("A&$'$3&#(5%%.D"$#2$#>,.#%$#(+%%$#6#29+2,3$#)$% &*5.%#".=3$%#)$#"7$1$'("$#2.E)$%%5,%#K >>> largeur = 20 >>> hauteur = 5 * 9.3 >>> largeur * hauteur 930 c/c/ [%%.=3$C#"$%#-+"$,*%#*$%($2&.-$%#p4#P4#f##6#&*5.%#-+*.+D"$%##+4#D4#2/ O88$2&,$C#"75(:*+&.53##+#E#D^2##/#J$#*:%,"&+&#$%&E."#'+&9:'+&.>,$'$3&#25**$2&#r L.#2$#37$%&#(+%#"$#2+%4#25''$3&#)$-$CE-5,%#(*52:)$*#(5,*#>,7."#"$#%5.&#r cp/

9 !"H IF4*%/)(*5+)/+)JF*) o3 # '+3.(,"$ # "$% # -+"$,*% # $& # "$% # -+*.+D"$% # >,. # "$% # *:8:*$32$3&4 # $3 # "$% # 25'D.3+3& # +-$2 # )$% %82)*(!4)3#(5,*#85*'$*#)$%#!;8)!33'%"3/#O1$'("$#K a, b = 7.3, 12 y = 3*a + b/5 G+3%#2$&#$1$'("$4#35,%#25''$3V53%#(+*#+88$2&$*#+,1#-+*.+D"$%#(#$&#-#"$%#-+"$,*%#8=<#$&#>ED F5''$#):a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a5,*%#",.E'@'$#,3$#-+"$,*/#[#2$&&$#-+"$,*4#."#+&&*.D,$#+,&5'+&.>,$'$3&#,3 &?($4#"$>,$"#):($3)#)$#2$#>,7."#?#+#)+3%#"7$1(*$%%.53/#G+3%#"7$1$'("$#2.E)$%%,%4###%$*+#),#&?($#*:$"4 (+*2$#>,$#"7$1(*$%%.53#:-+",:$#(5,*#):&$*'.3$*#%+#-+"$,*#253&.$3&#$""$E'@'$#+,#'5.3%#,3#*:$"/ J$%#5(:*+&$,*%#0?&953#3$#%53&#(+%#%$,"$'$3&#"$%#>,+&*$#5(:*+&$,*%#'+&9:'+&.>,$%#)$#D+%$/#!"#8+,& "$,*#+a5,&$*#"75(:*+&$,*#]]#(5,*#"7$1(53$3&.+&.534#+.3%.#>,7,3#2$*&+.3#35'd*$#)75(:*+&$,*%#"5=.>,$%4 )$%#5(:*+&$,*%#+=.%%+3&#%,*#"$%#29+M3$%#)$#2+*+2&A*$%4#)$%#5(:*+&$,*%#$88$2&,+3&#)$%#&$%&%#)7.)$3&.&:#5, )7+((+*&$3+32$4#$&2/#e5,%#*$(+*"$*53%#)$#&5,&#2$"+#(",%#"5.3/# L.=3+"53%#+,#(+%%+=$#"+#).%(53.D.".&:#)$#"75(:*+&$,*#$%&41%4#*$(*:%$3&:#(+*#"$#%?'D5"$#I/ F$&#5(:*+&$,*#85,*3.&#1!#)!3(!#&!#1*#&'6'3'%"#!"('?)!#)7,3#35'D*$#(+*#,3#+,&*$/#O%%+?$C#(+*#$1$'("$#K >>> 10 % 3 (et prenez note de ce qui se passe!) >>> 10 % 5 F$&#5(:*+&$,*#-5,%#%$*+#&*A%#,&."$#(",%#"5.34#35&+''$3&#(5,*#&$%&$*#%.#,3#35'D*$#(#$%&#).-.%.D"$#(+*,3#35'D*$#-/#!"#%,88.*+#$3#$88$&#)$#-:*.8.$*#>,$##(:I:-##)533$#,3#*:%,"&+&#:=+"#6#C:*5/ ## J4+,/1/+:K c/p/ s$%&$c#"$%#".=3$%#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#%,.-+3&$%/#g:2*.-$c#)+3%#-5&*$#2+9.$*#2$#>,.#%$#(+%%$#k!!!""#"$"%&"'"()$"*+(,(-.!!!""/"'"%&"0"#00)"!!!""%#&12"/!!!""%#&12"23%45#6$"23%45%&6$"23%45/6!!!# # t,$""$#$%&4#6#-5&*$#+-.%4#"7,&.".&:#)$#"+#u+#@<"+##$#"+lm#r He5&$#K#"$%#U+#@<"+#-#%$*53&#):2*.&$%#$3#):&+."4#(",%#"5.3#)+3%#2$#25,*%I/### c_/#

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qI4##$&##*0(00(:"'"*#H$&#353#PZdqZ#uI/##! O# $& #P# (5,* #$41('81'+*('%"# $& "7*&&'('%":Q#$&#"+#3%43()*+('%":R4#"$%>,$""$%#%53&#)532#$88$2&,:$%#$3#)$*3.$*#".$,/ [.3%. #)0*7("'"-# H(",&X&#>,$#qI4# #$&# #);*7("'"7(# HR+(($"$CE-5,%#>,$#(+*#):8+,&#0?&953 $88$2&,$#,3$#).-.%.53#!"('?)!I/! [.3%.#)+3%#"7$1(*$%%.53 #-.0(::;<:4#"+#',"&.(".2+&.53#$%&#$88$2&,:$#$3#(*$'.$*4#$&#"+#'+29.3$ )5.&#)532#$3%,.&$#$88$2&,$*#-.::;<:4#2$#>,.#)533$#.9/#L.#"+#).-.%.53#:&+.&#$88$2&,:$#$3#(*$'.$*4 "$#*:%,"&+&#%$*+.&#-.#H*+(($"$CE-5,%#.2.#$325*$#>,7."#%7+=.&#)7,3$#).-.%.53#$3&.A*$I/ cf/

11 !"#L $1:F156/612 v,%>,7.2.#35,%#+-53%#$1+'.3:#"$%#).88:*$3&%#:":'$3&%#)7,3#"+3=+=$#)$#(*5=*+''+&.534#6#%+-5.*#k "$%#6*)'*51!34#"$%#!;8)!33'%"3#$&#"$%#'"3()4+('%"34#'+.%#%+3%#&*+.&$*#)$#"+#'+3.A*$#)53&#35,%#(5,-53% "$%#25'D.3$*#"$%#,3$%#+-$2#"$%#+,&*$%/ #o*#"7,3$#)$%#=*+3)$%#85*2$%#)7,3#"+3=+=$#)$#(*5=*+''+&.53#)$#9+,&#3.-$+,#$%&#>,7."#($*'$&#)$ 253%&*,.*$#)$%#.3%&*,2&.53%#25'("$1$%#(+*#+%%$'D"+=$#)$#8*+='$3&%#).-$*%/#[.3%.#(+*#$1$'("$4#%. -5,%#%+-$C#25''$3&#+)).&.533$*#)$,1#35'D*$%#$&#25''$3&#+88.29$*#,3$#-+"$,*4 #-5,%#(5,-$C 25'D.3$*#2$%#)$,1#.3%&*,2&.53%#$3#,3$#%$,"$#K >>> print >>> 20 F$"+#37+#"7+.*#)$#*.$34#'+.%#2$&&$#8532&.533+".&:#>,.#(+*+M&#%.#:-.)$3&$#-+#-5,%#($*'$&&*$#)$ (*5=*+''$*#)$%#+"=5*.&9'$%#25'("$1$%#)$#8+V53#2"+.*$#$&#2532.%$/#O1$'("$#K >>> h, m, s = 15, 27, 34 >>> print "nombre de secondes écoulées depuis minuit = ", h* m*60 + s [&&$3&.53#2$($3)+3&#K#."#?#+#,3$#".'.&$#6#2$#>,$#-5,%#(5,-$C#25'D.3$*#+.3%.#K F$#>,$#-5,%#("+2$C#6#"+#=+,29$#),#%.=3$#:=+"$#)+3%#,3$#$1(*$%%.53#)5.&#&5,a5,*%#@&*$#,3$ -+*.+D"$4#$&#353#,3$#$1(*$%%.53/#F$"+#(*5-.$3&#),#8+.&#>,$#"$#%.=3$#:=+"$#37+#(+%#.2.#"+#'@'$ %.=3.8.2+&.53 # >,7$3 # '+&9:'+&.>,$#K # 25''$ # 35,% # "7+-53% # ):a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e5,%#+,*53%#"7522+%.53#)$#*$-$3.*#d.$3&x&#%,*#2$#%,a$&/#s+.%#+,(+*+-+3&4#."#35,%#8+,&#$325*$ +D5*)$*#,3#+,&*$#2532$(&#)$#=*+3)$#.'(5*&+32$/ cl/#

12 !"#$%&'()/)+!01&'23()45)6357)48%1.&'59&%01. G+3%#35&*$#(*$'.$*#29+(.&*$4#35,%#+-53%#-,#>,$#"7+2&.-.&:#$%%$3&.$""$#)7,3#+3+"?%&$E(*5=*+''$,* $%& # "+ # *:%5",&.53 # )$ # (*5D"A'$%/ # o*4 # (5,* # *:%5,)*$ #,3 # (*5D"A'$ #.385*'+&.>,$4 #." # 8+,& # &5,a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g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a = 150 >>> if (a > 100):... J+#(*$'.A*$#25''+3)$#+88$2&$#"+#-+"$,*#YPd#6#"+#-+*.+D"$#(/#v,%>,7.2.#*.$3#)$#35,-$+,/ J5*%>,$#-5,%#8.3.%%$C#)7$3&*$*#"+#%$253)$#".=3$4#(+*#253&*$4#-5,%#253%&+&$C#>,$#0?&953#*:+=.&#)7,3$ 35,-$""$#'+3.A*$/#O3#$88$&4#$&#6#'5.3%#>,$#-5,%#37+?$C#5,D".:#"$#2+*+2&A*$#;#K#<#6#"+#8.3#)$#"+#".=3$4-5,%#253%&+&$C#>,$#"$#B6+/B<2B6"#@"B4A#HwwwI#$%&#'+.3&$3+3&#*$'("+2:#(+*#,3#B6+/B<2-0@+#*4"60 253%&.&,:#)$#&*5.%#(5.3&% YY / L.#-5&*$#:).&$,*#3$#"$#8+.&#(+%#+,&5'+&.>,$'$3&4#-5,%#)$-$C#6#(*:%$3&#$88$2&,$*#,3$#&+D,"+&.53#H5, $3&*$*#q#$%(+2$%I#+-+3&#)7$3&*$*#"+#".=3$#%,.-+3&$4#)$#'+3.A*$#6#2$#>,$#2$""$E2.#%5.&#'"&!"(2!#H27$%&E6E ).*$#$3#*$&*+.&I#(+*#*+((5*&#6#"+#(*:2:)$3&$/#B5&*$#:2*+3#)$-*+.&#%$#(*:%$3&$*#'+.3&$3+3&#25''$#%,.&#K Yd s$"#>,7."#$%&#,&.".%:#.2.4#"$#&$*'$#)$#32:4!"+!#):%.=3$#)532#,3$#%:*.$#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#>,.#%$#%,.-$3&/#e5,%#(*:8:*$*53% )+3%#"+#%,.&$#)$#2$&#5,-*+=$#*:%$*-$*#2$#&$*'$#6#,3#2532$(&#0?&953#(*:2.%4#"$>,$"#$3="5D$#"$%#+>*J"!3#&!#+*)*+(?)!34 "$%#(481!3#$&#"$%#1'3(!3#H-5.*#(",%#"5.3I/ YY G+3%#2$*&+.3$%#-$*%.53%#)$#"7:).&$,*#0?&953#(5,*#)"#*+,-4#"$#(*5'(&#%$253)+.*$#37+((+*+M&#(+%/ cz/

13 >>> a = 150 >>> if (a > 100):... print "a dépasse la centaine"... x*+(($c#$325*$#,3$#85.%#yo3&$*w/#j$#(*5=*+''$#%7$1:2,&$4#$&#-5,%#5d&$3$c#k a dépasse la centaine R$25''$32$C#"$#'@'$#$1$*2.2$4#'+.%#+-$2#(:S:ET#$3#=,.%$#)$#(*$'.A*$#".=3$#K#2$&&$#85.%#0?& $#(",%#*.$3#),#&5,&/ J7$1(*$%%.53#>,$#-5,%#+-$C#("+2:$#$3&*$#(+*$3&9A%$%#$%&#2$#>,$#35,%#+(($""$*53%#):%5*'+.%#,3$ 253).&.53/#J7.3%&*,2&.53#13#($*'$&#)$#&$%&$*#"+#-+".).&:#)$#2$&&$#253).&.53/#L.#"+#253).&.53#$%&#-*+.$4 +"5*%#"7.3%&*,2&.53#>,$#35,%#+-53%#'"&!"(2!#+(*A%#"$#;#K#<#$%&#$1:2,&:$/#L.#"+#253).&.53#$%&#8+,%%$4#*.$3 3$#%$#(+%%$/#e5&$C#>,$#"$%#(+*$3&9A%$%#,&.".%:$%#.2.#%53&#5(&.533$""$%#%5,%#0?&953/#e5,%#"$%#+-53%,&.".%:$%#(5,*#+':".5*$*#"+#".%.D.".&:/#G+3%#)7+,&*$%#"+3=+=$%4#."#%$#($,&#>,7$""$%#%5.$3&#5D".=+&5.*$%/ R$25''$32$C#$325*$4#$3#+a5,&+3&#)$,1#".=3$%#25''$#.3).>,:#2.E)$%%5,%/#B$.""$C#D.$3#6#2$#>,$ "+#>,+&*.A'$#".=3$#):D,&$#&5,&#6#8+.&#6#=+,29$#H(+%#)7.3)$3&+&.53I4#'+.%#>,$#"+#2.3>,.A'$#%5.&#6 35,-$+,#.3)$3&:$#H)$#(*:8:*$32$#+-$2#,3#*$&*+.&#.)$3&.>,$#6#2$",.#)$#"+#&*5.%.A'$I#K >>> a = 20 >>> if (a > 100):... print "a dépasse la centaine"... else:... print "a ne dépasse pas cent"... x*+(($c#yo3&$*w#$325*$#,3$#85.%/#j$#(*5=*+''$#%7$1:2,&$4#$&#+88.29$#2$&&$#85.%#k a ne dépasse pas cent F5''$#-5,%#"7+,*$C#2$*&+.3$'$3&#):a6#25'(*.%4#"7.3%&*,2&.53#+0*+#H;#%.353#<4#$3#+3="+.%I#($*'$& )$#(*5=*+''$* #,3$#$1:2,&.53 #+"&$*3+&.-$4 #)+3% #"+>,$""$#"$#(*5=*+''$ #)5.&#295.%.*#$3&*$ #)$,1 (5%%.D.".&:%/#o3#($,&#8+.*$#'.$,1#$325*$#$3#,&.".%+3&#+,%%.#"7.3%&*,2&.53 #+013# H253&*+2&.53#)$#;#$"%$.8#<I#K >>> a = 0 >>> if a > 0 :... print "a est positif"... elif a < 0 :... print "a est négatif"... else:... print "a est nul"... pd/#

14 8"8 IF4*%/)(*5+;)+'1:F%*%6512 J+#253).&.53#:-+",:$#+(*A%#"7.3%&*,2&.53#.8#($,&#253&$3.*#"$%#%82)*(!4)3#&!#+%$8*)*'3%"#%,.-+3&%#K x == y x!= y x > y x < y x >= y x <= y J4+5"0+:K # x est égal à y # x est différent de y # x est plus grand que y # x est plus petit que y # x est plus grand que, ou égal à y # x est plus petit que, ou égal à y >>> a = 7 >>> if (a % 2 == 0):... print "a est pair"... print "parce que le reste de sa division par 2 est nul"... else:... print "a est impair"... e5&$c#d.$3#>,$#"75(:*+&$,*#)$#25'(+*+.%53#(5,*#"7:=+".&:#)$#)$,1#-+"$,*%#$%&#253%&.&,:#)$#)$,1 %.=3$%#;#:=+"$#<#$&#353#)7,3#%$," Yc /#HJ$#%.=3$#;#:=+"$#<#,&.".%:#%$,"#$%&#,3#5(:*+&$,*#)7+88$2&+&.534#$& 353#,3#5(:*+&$,*#)$#25'(+*+.%53/#B5,%#*$&*5,-$*$C#"$#'@'$#%?'D5".%'$#$3#?WW#$&#$3#X4I4I/ 8"< O25/*('/6125+'1:F154)5+P+Q&1'5+;C625/*('/6125 J+ # 253%&*,2&.53 # >,$ # -5,% # +-$C #,&.".%:$ # +-$2 # "7.3%&*,2&.53 #13# $%& # -5&*$ # (*$'.$* # $1$'("$ )7'"3()4+('%"#+%$8%32!/#B5,%#$3#*$3253&*$*$C#D.$3&X&#)7+,&*$%/#L5,%#0?&9534#&5,&$%#"$%#.3%&*,2&.53% 25'(5%:$%#53&#&5,a5,*%#"+#'@'$#%&*,2&,*$#K#,3$#".=3$#)7$3E&@&$#&$*'.3:$#(+*#,3#)5,D"$#(5.3&4#%,.-.$ )7,3$#5,#)$#(",%.$,*%#.3%&*,2&.53%#.3)$3&:$%#%5,%#2$&&$#".=3$#)7$3E&@&$/#O1$'("$#K Ligne d'en-tête: première instruction du bloc dernière instruction du bloc L7."#?#+#(",%.$,*%#.3%&*,2&.53%#.3)$3&:$%#%5,%#"+#".=3$#)7$3E&@&$4#!11!3#&%'6!"(#1GK()!#!;*+(!$!"(#*4 $K$!#"'6!*4# H25'(&$C#,3#):2+"+=$#)$#q#2+*+2&A*$%4#(+*#$1$'("$I/#F$%#.3%&*,2&.53%#.3)$3&:$% 253%&.&,$3&#2$#>,$#35,%#+(($""$*53%#):%5*'+.%#,3#51%+#&G'"3()4+('%"3/#g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c#$%&#3,"/ Yc R+(($"#K#"75(:*+&$,*#z#$%&#"75(:*+&$,*#/+*$A+#K#."#2+"2,"$#"$#*$%&$#)7,3$#).-.%.53#$3&.A*$/#[.3%.#(+*#$1$'("$4#(:I:E 85,*3.&#"$#*$%&$#)$#"+#).-.%.53#)$#(#(+*#c/ py/

15 8"B O25/*('/6125+6:7*6N(4)5!"#$%&#(+*8+.&$'$3&#(5%%.D"$#)7.'D*.>,$*#"$%#,3$%#)+3%#"$%#+,&*$%#(",%.$,*%#.3%&*,2&.53%#25'(5%:$%4 )$#'+3.A*$#6#*:+".%$*#)$%#%&*,2&,*$%#)$#):2.%.53#25'("$1$%/#O1$'("$#K if embranchement == "vertébrés": # 1 if classe == "mammifères": # 2 if ordre == "carnivores": # 3 if famille == "félins": # 4 print "c'est peut-être un chat" # 5 print "c'est en tous cas un mammifère" # 6 elif classe == 'oiseaux': # 7 print "c'est peut-être un canari" # 8 print"la classification des animaux est complexe" # 9 [3+"?%$C#2$&#$1$'("$/#F$#8*+='$3&#)$#(*5=*+''$#37.'(*.'$#"+#(9*+%$#;#27$%&#($,&E@&*$#,3#29+&#< >,$#)+3%#"$#2+%#5m#"$%#>,+&*$#(*$'.A*$%#253).&.53%#&$%&:$%#%53&#-*+.$%/ 05,*#>,$#"+#(9*+%$#;#27$%&#$3#&5,%#2+%#,3#'+''.8A*$#<#%5.&#+88.29:$4#."#8+,&#$&#."#%,88.&#>,$#"$% )$,1#(*$'.A*$%#253).&.53%#%5.$3&#-*+.$%/#J7.3%&*,2&.53#) =$#)$#2$&&$#(9*+%$#H".=3$#qI#%$#&*5,-$ $3#$88$&#+,#'@'$#3.-$+,#)7.3)$3&+&.53#>,$#"7.3%&*,2&.53#K#"U2+6*602[[2\@46#"I+60-\E#H".=3$#pI/#J$% )$,1#853&#)532#(+*&.$#)7,3#'@'$#D"524#"$>,$"#$%&#$3&.A*$'$3&#$1:2,&:#%.#"$%#253).&.53%#&$%&:$%#+,1 ".=3$%#Y#{#c#%53&#-*+.$%/ 05,* # >,$ # "+ # (9*+%$ # ;#27$%& # ($,&E@&*$ #,3 # 2+3+*.#< # %5.& # :$4 #." # 8+,& # >,$ # "+ # -+*.+D"$ $'D*+329$'$3&#253&.$33$#;#-$*&:D*:%#<4#$&#>,$#"+#-+*.+D"$#2"+%%$#253&.$33$#;#5.%$+,1#</ t,+3&#6#"+#(9*+%$#)$#"+#".=3$#z4#$""$#$%&#+88.29:$#)+3%#&5,%#"$%#2+%4#(+*2$#>,7$""$#8+.&#(+*&.$#), '@'$#D"52#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#>,$#"+#".=3$#Y/ 8"D R()&N()5+*S@&)5+;)+5.2/%J)+-./012+ 8"D"# s5,&#2$#>,.#(*:2a)$#35,%#+'a3$#6#8+.*$#"$#(5.3&#%,*#>,$">,$%#*a="$%#)$#%?3&+1$#k T)5+&6:6/)5+;)5+625/*('/6125+)/+;)5+7&1'5+512/+;4>626)5+F%*+&%+:65)+)2+F%@) G+3%#)$#35'D*$,1#"+3=+=$%#)$#(*5=*+''+&.534#."#8+,&#&$*'.3$*#29+>,$#".=3$#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#(+*,3#2+*+2&A*$#%(:2.+"#H%5,-$3&#"$#(5.3&E-.*=,"$I/#L5,%#0?&9534#27$%&#"$#2+*+2&A*$#)$#8.3#)$#".=3$ Yp #>,. a5,$#2$#*x"$/#he5,%#-$**53%#(",%#"5.3#25''$3&#5,&*$(+%%$*#2$&&$#*a="$#(5,*#:&$3)*$#,3$#.3%&*,2&.53 25'("$1$ # %,* # (",%.$,*% # ".=3$%I/ # o3 # ($,& # :=+"$'$3& # &$*'.3$* #,3$ # ".=3$ # )7.3%&*,2&.53% # (+* #,3 25''$3&+.*$/#g3#25''$3&+.*$#0?&953#25''$32$#&5,a5,*%#(+*#"$#2+*+2&A*$#%(:2.+"#U#/#s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o3#253%$.""$#)532#6#&5,%#"$%#(*5=*+''$,*%#>,.#,&.".%$3&#2$%#"+3=+=$%#)$ %$#%$*-.*#*433'#)$%#%+,&%#6#"+#".=3$#$&#)$#"7.3)$3&+&.53#(5,*#D.$3#):".'.&$*#-.%,$""$'$3&#"$%#D"52%/ Yp F$#2+*+2&A*$#37+((+*+M&#3.#6#"7:2*+34#3.#%,*#"$%#".%&.3=%#.'(*.':%/#!"#$%&#2$($3)+3&#D.$3#(*:%$3&4#6#,3#(5.3&#&$"#>,7."#8+.& '@'$ # (*5D"A'$ # )+3% # 2$*&+.3% # 2+%4 # (+*2$ # >,7." # 37$%& # (+% # $325): # )$ # "+ # '@'$ # '+3.A*$ # (+* # &5,% # "$% # %?%&A'$% )7$1("5.&+&.53/#e5,%#$3#*$(+*"$*53%#(",%#"5.34#6#"7522+%.53#)$#35&*$#:&,)$#)$%#8.29.$*%#&$1&$#H(+=$#YYPI/ pc/#

16 [-$2#0?&9534#6%43#&!6!L#,&.".%$*#"$%#%+,&%#6#"+#".=3$#$&#"7.3)$3&+&.534#'+.%#$3#253&*$(+*&.$#-5,% 37+-$C#(+%#6#-5,%#(*:522,($*#)7+,&*$%#%?'D5"$%#):".'.&$,*%#)$#D"52%/#O3#):8.3.&.-$4#0?&953#-5,% 85*2$#)532#6#:2*.*$#),#25)$#".%.D"$4#$&#6#(*$3)*$#)$#D533$%#9+D.&,)$%#>,$#-5,%#253%$*-$*$C#"5*%>,$ -5,%#,&.".%$*$C#)7+,&*$%#"+3=+=$%/ 8"D"! O25/*('/612+'1:F154)++U++V2W/X/)+Y+;1(7&)+F162/+Y+7&1'+;C625/*('/ ;)2/4 e5,%#+,*53%#)$#35'd*$,%$%#522+%.53%#)7+((*5853).*#"$#2532$(&#)$#;#d"52#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#<#$&#)$ 8+.*$#)$%#$1$*2.2$%#6#2$#%,a$&4#)A%#"$#29+(.&*$#%,.-+3&/ J$#%29:'+#2.E253&*$#$3#*:%,'$#"$#(*.32.($/! J$%#D"52%#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#%53&#&5,a5,*%#+%%52.:%#6#,3$#".=3$ $"%$4# 9."$4#)$84#///I#3!#(!)$'"*"(#8*)#4"#&%451!#8%'"(/! /!3#51%+3#3%"(#&21'$'(23#8*)#1G'"&!"(*('%"#K#&5,&$%#"$%#".=3$% #$1+2&$'$3&#)$#"+ # '+3.A*$ # H27$%&E6E).*$ # ):2+":$% # -$*% # "+ # )*5.&$ # )7,3 '@'$#35'D*$#)7$%(+2$% Yq I/#J$#35'D*$#)7$%(+2$%#6#,&.".%$* (5,* # "7.3)$3&+&.53 # $%& # >,$"253>,$4 # '+.% # "+ # (",(+*& # )$% (*5=*+''$,*%#,&.".%$3&#)$%#',"&.("$%#)$#q/! e5&$c#>,$#"$#25)$#),#d"52#"$#(",%#$1&$*3$#hd"52#yi#3$#($,& (+%#",.E'@'$#@&*$#:2+*&:#)$#"+#'+*=$#)$#=+,29$#H!"#37$%&.'D*.>,:#)+3%#*.$3I/ 8"D"8 T)5+)5F%')5+)/+&)5+'1::)2/%6*)5+512/+21*:%&):)2/+6@21*45 [#(+*&#2$,1#>,.#%$*-$3&#6#"7.3)$3&+&.534#$3#):D,&#)$#".=3$4#"$%#$%(+2$%#("+2:%#6#"7.3&:*.$,*#)$%.3%&*,2&.53%#$&#)$%#$1(*$%%.53%#%53&#(*$%>,$#&5,a5,*%#.=35*:%#H%+,8#%7."%#853&#(+*&.$#)7,3$#29+M3$#)$ 2+*+2&A*$%I/ #!" # $3 # -+ # )$ # '@'$ # (5,* # "$% # 25''$3&+.*$%#K # 2$,1E2. # 25''$32$3& # &5,a5,*% # (+* #,3 2+*+2&A*$#).A%$#H`I#$&#%7:&$3)$3&#a,%>,76#"+#8.3#)$#"+#".=3$#25,*+3&$/ Yq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b.3&$"".=$3&b4#-5,%#(5,-$c#$%2+'5&$*#"$#(*5d"a'$#$3#+2&.-+3&#"75(&.53#br$'("+2$*#"$%#&+d,"+&.53%#(+*#)$%#$%(+2$%b/ pp/

17 !"#$%&'():)+ ;1.&'59&%01.)'<$<&%&%=(.> J7,3$#)$%#&}29$%#>,$#"$%#'+29.3$%#853&#"$#'.$,1#$%&#"+#*:(:&.&.53#%+3%#$**$,*#)$#&}29$%#.)$3&.>,$%/!"#$1.%&$#D.$3#)$%#':&95)$%#(5,*#(*5=*+''$*#2$%#&}29$%#*:(:&.&.-$%/#e5,%#+""53%#25''$32$*#(+* "7,3$#)$%#(",%#853)+'$3&+"$%#K#"+#D5,2"$#)$#*:(:&.&.53#253%&*,.&$#+,&5,*#)$#"7.3%&*,2&.53# 9."$/# <"# Z4W%>>)'/%/612 e5,%#3$#"7+-.53%#(+%#$325*$#%.=3+":#$1(".2.&$'$3&#k#."#$%&#($*'.%#)$#*:e+88$2&$*#,3$#35,-$""$ J7$88$&#)7,3$#*:E+88$2&+&.53#$%&#)$#*$'("+2$*#"7+32.$33$#-+"$,*#)7,3$#-+*.+D"$#(+*#,3$#35,-$""$/ >>> altitude = 320 >>> print altitude 320 >>> altitude = 375 >>> print altitude 375 F$2.#35,%#+'A3$#6#+&&.*$*#,3$#35,-$""$#85.%#-5&*$#+&&$3&.53#%,*#"$#8+.&#>,$#"$#%?'D5"$#DH4A0#,&.".%: %5,%#0?&953#(5,*#*:+".%$*#,3$#+88$2&+&.53#3$#)5.&#$3#+,2,3#2+%#@&*$#253853),#+-$2#,3#%?'D5"$ )7:=+".&:#&$"#>,7."#$%&#25'(*.%#$3#'+&9:'+&.>,$/#!"#$%&#&$3&+3&#)7.3&$*(*:&$*#"7.3%&*,2&.53#(0$1$2)+:S:<ET 25''$#,3$#+88.*'+&.53#)7:=+".&:4#'+.%#2$#37$3#37$%&#(+%#,3$#u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a = 5 >>> b = a # a et b contiennent des valeurs égales >>> b = 2 # a et b sont maintenant différentes R+(($"53%#.2.#>,$#0?&953#($*'$&#)7+88$2&$*#"$,*%#-+"$,*%#6#(",%.$,*%#-+*.+D"$%#%.',"&+3:'$3&#K >>> a, b, c, d = 3, 4, 5, 7 F$&&$#8532&.533+".&:#)$#0?&953#$%&#D.$3#(",%#.3&:*$%%+3&$#$325*$#>,7$""$#37$3#+#"7+.*#6#(*$'.A*$ -,$/ L,((5%53%#(+*#$1$'("$#>,$#35,%#-5,".53%#'+.3&$3+3&#:29+3=$*#"$%#-+"$,*%#)$%#-+*.+D"$% #(# $& #// H[2&,$""$'$3&4 #(# 253&.$3&#"+#-+"$,*#p4#$& #/# "+#-+"$,*#P/#e5,%#-5,)*.53%#>,$#2$#%5.&#"7.3-$*%$I/ F5''$3&#8+.*$#r AMC 0;!)+'+! q/y/ ~2*.-$C#"$%#".=3$%#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#3:2$%%+.*$%#(5,*#5D&$3.*#2$#*:%,"&+&/ pq/#

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a, b = b, a Ho3#(5,**+.&#D.$3#$3&$3),#:29+3=$*#)7+,&*$%#-+*.+D"$%#$3#'@'$#&$'(%4#)+3%#"+#'@'$#.3%&*,2&.53I/ <"! Z4F4/6/6125+)2+71('&)+W+&C625/*('/612+[06&)+ J7,3$ # )$% # 295%$% # >,$ # "$% # '+29.3$% # 853& # "$ # '.$,1 # $%& # "+ # *:(:&.&.53 # %+3% # $**$,* # )$ # &}29$%.)$3&.>,$%/ #!" # $1.%&$ # D.$3 # )$% # ':&95)$% # (5,* # (*5=*+''$* # 2$% # &}29$% # *:(:&.&.-$%/ # e5,% # +""53% 25''$32$*#(+*#"7,3$#)$%#(",%#853)+'$3&+"$%#K#"+#D5,2"$#253%&*,.&$#6#(+*&.*#)$#"7.3%&*,2&.53#7%10+/ B$,.""$C#)532#$3&*$*#"$%#25''+3)$%#2.E)$%%5,%#K >>> a = 0 >>> while (a < 7): # (n'oubliez pas le double point!)... a = a + 1 # (n'oubliez pas l'indentation!)... print a x*+(($c#$325*$#,3$#85.%#yo3&$*w/ t,$#%$#(+%%$e&e."#r [-+3&#)$#".*$#"$%#25''$3&+.*$%#)$#"+#(+=$#%,.-+3&$4#(*$3$C#"$#&$'(%#)75,-*.*#-5&*$#2+9.$*#$&#)7? 35&$*#2$&&$#%:*.$#)$#25''+3)$%/#G:2*.-$C#+,%%.#"$#*:%,"&+&#5D&$3,4#$&#$%%+?$C#)$#"7$1(".>,$*#)$#"+ '+3.A*$#"+#(",%#):&+."":$#(5%%.D"$/# pp/

19 V&55+'$(1,+* J$#'5&#7%10+#%.=3.8.$#;#&+3&#>,$#<#$3#+3="+.%/#F$&&$#.3%&*,2&.53#,&.".%:$#6#"+#%$253)$#".=3$#.3).>,$ 6#0?&953#>,7."#",.#8+,&#)282(!)#+%"('"4!11!$!"(#1!#51%+#&G'"3()4+('%"3#:4'#34'(F#(*"(#:4!#"$#253&$3, )$#"+#-+*.+D"$#(#*$%&$#.38:*.$,*#6#f/ F5''$#"7.3%&*,2&.53#13#+D5*):$#+,#29+(.&*$#(*:2:)$3&4#"7.3%&*,2&.53#7%10+#+'5*2$#,3$#'"3()4+('%" +%$8%32!/#J$#)5,D"$#(5.3&#6#"+#8.3#)$#"+#".=3$#.3&*5),.&#"$#D"52#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#6#*:(:&$*4#"$>,$"#)5.& 5D".=+&5.*$'$3&#%$#&*5,-$*#$3#*$&*+.&/#F5''$#-5,%#"7+-$C#+((*.%#+,#29+(.&*$#(*:2:)$3&4#&5,&$%#"$%.3%&*,2&.53% # )7,3 # '@'$ # D"52 # )5.-$3& #.3)$3&:$% # $1+2&$'$3& # +, # '@'$ # 3.-$+, # H27$%&E6E).*$ ):2+":$%#6#)*5.&$#)7,3#'@'$#35'D*$#)7$%(+2$%I/ e5,%#+-53%#+.3%.#253%&*,.&#35&*$#(*$'.a*$#5%4+1!#&!#8)%9)*$$*('%"4#"+>,$""$#*:(a&$#,3#2$*&+.3 35'D*$#)$#85.%#"$#D"52#)7.3%&*,2&.53%#.3)$3&:$%/#B5.2.#25''$3&#2$"+#8532&.533$#K! [-$2#"7.3%&*,2&.53#7%10+4#0?&953#25''$32$#(+*#:-+",$*#"+#-+".).&:#)$#"+#253).&.53#85,*3.$#$3&*$ (+*$3&9A%$%#HF$""$%E2.#%53&#5(&.533$""$%/#e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a6#+88$2&:#+, '5.3%#,3$#-+"$,*I! L.#"+#253).&.53#$%&#8+,%%$#+,#):(+*&4#"$#25*(%#)$#"+#D5,2"$#37$%&#a+'+.%#$1:2,&:! L.#"+#253).&.53#*$%&$#&5,a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e5,%#-$**53%#,3#($,#(",%#"5.3#>,7$3#8+.&#"7$1:2,&.53#253&.3,$#+-$2#"+#(*$'.A*$.3%&*,2&.53#>,.#%,.&#"$#D"52#.3)$3&:4#$&#>,.#8+.&#(+*&.$#),#'@'$#D"52#>,$#"7.3%&*,2&.53# 9."$#$""$E'@'$/ p_/#

20 <"8 \&%71*%/612+;)+/%7&)5 R$25''$32$C#6#(*:%$3&#"$#(*$'.$*#$1$*2.2$4#'+.%#+-$2#"+#($&.&$#'5).8.2+&.53#2.E)$%%5,%#K >>> a = 0 >>> while a < 12:... a = a print a, a**2, a**3 B5,%#)$-*.$C#5D&$3.*#"+#".%&$#)$%#2+**:%#$&#)$%#2,D$%#)$%#35'D*$%#)$#Y#6#Yc/ e5&$c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a,).2.$,%$'$3&#"74UU0@<4<"+# /$A<"BA0I/#G:2*.-$C#"$#'.$,1#(5%%.D"$#"$#*X"$#)$#29+2,3$#)$%#.3%&*,2&.53%/ >>> a, b, c = 1, 1, 1 >>> while c < 11 :... print b,... a, b, c = b, a+b, c+1 J5*%>,$#-5,%#"+32$C#"7$1:2,&.53#)$#2$#(*5=*+''$4#-5,%#5D&$3$C#K J$%#&$*'$%#)$#"+#%,.&$#)$#]"J+#4@@"#%53&#+88.29:%#%,*#"+#'@'$#".=3$/#B5,%#5D&$3$C#2$#*:%,"&+& =*}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a5,*%#8+2."$4#"5.3#)$#"6/#05,*#-5,%#+.)$*#6#?#-5.*#(",% 2"+.*4#(*$3$C#"+#($.3$#)$#)$%%.3$*#%,*#(+(.$*#,3$#&+D"$#)7:&+&%#%.'."+.*$#6#2$""$#>,$#35,%#*$(*5),.%53% 2.E)$%%5,%#(5,*#35&*$#(*5=*+''$#;#%,.&$#)$#]"J+#4@@"#<#K B+*.+D"$% + D 2 B+"$,*%#.3.&.+"$% Y Y Y B+"$,*%#(*.%$% %,22$%%.-$'$3&4#+, 25,*%#)$%#.&:*+&.53% O1(*$%%.53#)$ *$'("+2$'$3& Y c c c p p p P q P l P /// /// /// D +\D 2\Y pf/

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23 *$'+*>,$%/# o,-*$c#)532#,3#:).&$,*#)$#&$1&$4#$&#*:).=$c#"$#%2*.(&#2.e)$%%5,%#k # Premier essai de script Python # petit programme simple affichant une suite de Fibonacci, c.à.d. une suite # de nombres dont chaque terme est égal à la somme des deux précédents. a, b, c = 1, 1, 1 # a & b servent au calcul des termes successifs # c est un simple compteur print 1 # affichage du premier terme while c<15: # nous afficherons 15 termes au total a, b, c = b, a+b, c+1 print b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a6#+&&*.D,:%#6#)$%#'5),"$% (?&953#$1.%&+3&%#K#)$%#35'%#&$"%#>,$#/4<=OB;#5,#^5"#<06OB;4#(+*#$1$'("$4#%53&#6#(*5%2*.*$#u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yF&*"ExPw/#F53%,"&$C#-5&*$#(*58$%%$,*#2532$*3+3& "$%#+,&*$%#(5%%.D.".&:%#)$#"+32$'$3&#:-$3&,$""$%#%,*#).88:*$3&%#%?%&A'$%#)7$1("5.&+&.53/ <"D Z):%*N()+'12')*2%2/+&)5+'%*%'/S*)5+%'')2/(45+)/+5F4'6%(J+] [#(+*&.*#)$#"+#-$*%.53#c/p4#."#$%&#-.-$'$3&#*$25''+3):#+,1#8*+325(953$%#)7.32",*$#"7,3#)$% (%$,)5E25''$3&+.*$%#%,.-+3&%#+,#):D,&#)$#&5,%#"$,*%#%2*.(&%#0?&953#H5D".=+&5.*$'$3&#6#"+#Y $ #5,#6#"+ c $ #".=3$I#K # -*- coding:latin-1 -*- o,#d.$3#k # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- F$%#(%$,)5E25''$3&+.*$%#.3).>,$3&#6#0?&953#>,$#-5,%#,&.".%$*$C#)+3%#-5&*$#%2*.(&#K! %5.&#"$#a$,#)$#2+*+2&A*$%#+22$3&,:%#25**$%(53)+3&#+,1#(*.32.(+"$%#"+3=,$%#)$#"7O,*5($#522.)$3&+"$ Hx*+3V+.%4#!&+".$34#05*&,=+.%4#$&2/I4#25):#%,*#,3#%$,"#52&$&#%,.-+3&#"+#35*'$#!LoEllPZ#n qd/#