SMART CITY RECOMMENDATIONS. 5 e

Transcription

1 SMART CITY RECOMMENDATIONS 5 e Rencontre Bijeenkomst Jeunes Talents Jong Talent

2 2 Jeunes Talents 2014 Jong Talent 2014 Dinca Cornelia University of Amsterdam - Graduate Studies, Urban and Regional Planning Driessen Arne Leiden University Research Master Asian Studies with a Minor in European Union Studies Eikenbroek Oskar University of Twente MSc in Applied Mathematics (specialization: Operations Research) Koster Paul VU University Amsterdam (Spatial) Economics (MSc), Transport Economics (PhD) Peetsold Sam University of Groningen Master Finance & Master Technology and Operations Management Plas Erik Radboud University Nijmegen Master of International and European Law Richters Albert TU Delft Faculty of Architecture Savini Federico University of Amsterdam Urban Planning, Urban Geography and Sociology Simons Camiel University of Twente Master Transportation Engineering and Management Slooter Luuk Utrecht University MSc Social Psychology / MA Conflict Studies / PhD candidate at Centre for Conflict Studies, Utrecht and Sociology department EHESS, Paris Van Aacken Peter Leiden University MSc Political Science: Conflict and Cooperation Van Werven Rosa Utrecht University Urban and Regional Planning Vermeltfoort Nard Eindhoven University of Technology PhD Mechanical Engineering Vermeulen Rick University of Amsterdam - Urban Planning, Metropolitan Studies Zwetsloot Jonna Eindhoven University of Technology Professional Doctorate in Engineering in Smart Energy Buildings & Cities Abbas Oras Lille 1 University PhD candidate in the Civil Engineering and geo-environmental Research Laboratory (LGCgE) Afaneh Ahmad Lille 1 University PhD candidate in Civil, Architecture and Urban Engineering Brissel Lamia University of Lorraine PhD candidate in Industrial Engineering Multifunctional Modelling of a Program of Energy Efficient Refurbishment Carlino Vincent University of Lorraine - PhD candidate in Media and Communication studies Collot Valentin Lille 1 University Design and Development Engineer Civil Engineering and geo-environmental Research Laboratory (LGCgE) Durand Anne École Centrale Marseille Graduate Engineering School Double-degree student at TU Delft for a full Master in Transport, Infrastructure & Planning Hubert Julien University of Lorraine Thesis in ERDF company: How Incorporating the Perspective of User and Citizen in Innovation Process? Jamet Jean-Baptiste École Centrale Marseille Graduate Engineering School MSc General Engineering / Urban Management Jeeavoo Gavishta Lille 1 University International Master 2 Urban Engineering and Habitat Jnat Khadija Lille 1 University MSc Urban Engineering and Habitat Khan Maliha Zareen Lille 1 University MSc Urban Engineering and Habitat Poitevin Julie École Centrale Marseille Graduate Engineering School Engineering Specialisation Fluid Mechanics Shahrour Nadia Lille 1 University Telecommunication Engineering Valenzuela Martin Lille 1 University International Master Urban Engineering and Habitat Zabada Shaker Lille 1 University PhD Analysis of Heating Expenditure in Social Housing Application of Economic Provisional Models NETHERLANDS / PAYS-BAS FRANCE / FRANKRIJK

3 3 Voorwoord Préface zef hemel (nl), universiteit van amsterdam, urban planning and culture Une conversation mémorable Avec les réflexions autour de la Ville Créative, peu après le début du 21 e siècle, le futur de la ville a retrouvé une connotation positive. À cette époque était question de trois T : «Technologie», «Talent» et «Tolérance». Dix ans plus tard, pourquoi ne parlons-nous plus que d un seul T? Pourquoi le futur de la ville doit-il se réduire à la «Smart City»? Voilà ce dont nous avons discuté. Tout le monde a participé. Nous avons brièvement évoqué les sujets et avons terminé par une question philosophique : Que veut la technologie? Elle veut nous libérer. Ce fut une conversation mémorable, pour laquelle je tiens de nouveau à vous remercier tous. Een gedenkwaardig gesprek Met het denken over de Creatieve Stad, zo kort na de eeuwwisseling, kreeg de toekomst van de stad weer een positieve lading. Het ging destijds om drie T s: Technologie, Talent en Tolerantie. We zijn nu tien jaar verder. Waarom spreken we nog uitsluitend over die ene T? Waarom de toekomst van de stad verengen tot Smart City? Wat is er met die andere T s gebeurd? Daarover ging ons gesprek. Iedereen deed mee. We raakten alles kortstondig aan. We eindigden bij een filosofische vraag: wat wil technologie? Ze wil ons bevrijden. Het was een gedenkwaardig gesprek, waarvoor ik iedereen nogmaals zou willen danken. véronique vergès, lille métropole communauté urbaine, expert governance and politics Un grand intérêt collectif s est dégagé lors des discussions du workshop sur la gouvernance et un consensus sur son aspect crucial pour le développement de la smart city lors du séminaire des jeunes gens a été reconnu. L émulation générée à cette occasion entre les jeunes talents eux mêmes venant de disciplines différentes, parfois déjà jeunes créateurs d entreprises, dans des pays différents a été la principale concrétisation de ce partage de connaissances et d expériences, animé avec un grand plaisir pour ma part et l occasion de former un réseau d acteurs renouvelé du franco néerlandais. Een groot collectief belang is naar voren gekomen tijdens de discussies in de workshop over Governance. Het cruciale aspect van Governance voor de ontwikkeling van de smart city werd tijdens dit werkcollege onder jongeren erkend. Het wedijveren dat ontstond tussen de jong talenten uit verschillende disciplines (soms al jonge oprichters van hun eigen bedrijf) en verschillende landen, was de belangrijkste concretisering van het debat dat ik met veel plezier leidde, en gaf gelegenheid tot het ontstaan van een nieuw netwerk in het Frans-Nederlandse veld.

4 Voorwoord Préface 4 prof. isam shahrour, université lille 1, expert technology and economy À travers cet événement, les organisateurs ont réussi à rassembler des jeunes et des talents, des diversités culturelles et disciplinaires autour du concept de la «Smart City», qui constitue une mutation dans l emploi de la technologie et de l intelligence collective pour faire face aux problèmes croissants de nos villes et pour construire la ville de demain, celle de cette génération. L échange avec ces jeunes a permis de dégager des idées intéressantes sur la ville qu ils désirent et la manière de la construire. Pour y arriver, il fallait se libérer, rêver, écouter, échanger, confronter... Résultat encourageant : des belles idées, une mise en réseaux il faut poursuivre. De organisatoren zijn er met dit evenement in geslaagd jongeren en talenten, en culturele en disciplinaire diversiteit rond het concept van Smart city bijeen te brengen. Het concept van de Smart city is een aanpassing in het gebruik van technologie en collectieve intelligentie om de groeiende problemen van onze steden aan te pakken en om de stad van morgen, de stad van deze generatie, te bouwen. Het gesprek met de jongeren heeft een aantal interessante ideeën naar voren gebracht over hun ideale stad en hoe deze te bouwen. Om daar te komen moesten we onze ideeën de vrije loop laten, dromen, luisteren, bespreken, debatteren Met als bemoedigend resultaat: mooie ideeën en een netwerk in vorming We moeten doorgaan.

5 5 1 / Technology & Economy jonna zwetsloot & maliha khan The first thing to ask yourself when you want your city to become a smart city is: What do I want for my city? Or, to put it concretely, since a city is defined by its citizens, smart city goals should be based on the wishes of the population. People all over the world basically want the same things for their city. For example: safety, cleanliness (streets, air), green spaces, easy transportation, economic opportunities, social equality and cultural activities. Yet even though what we want is essentially the same, each location will have its own specific priorities. A good example of a smart city project is the SunRise project, which is devised to explore how smart city concepts can be economically applied to achieve resilience and sustainability. The entire Lille 1 campus is used to simulate a small city (pop 25000) where smart concepts are implemented, tested and assessed in a real working environment. Urban infrastructure such as water & energy networks as well as building performance are monitored and controlled more effectively & efficiently by utilizing smart meters, sensors and actuators to collect real-time data. The project is an excellent example of effective collaboration of expertise from academia, industry and governmental agencies. The development of smart cities is not limited to the Western world. In fact, some advanced technologies can be extremely useful to fulfill the needs of developing countries. For example: due to a lack of banks, online banking is quickly being adapted in several African countries. Technology is used to make an urban environment smart. However, using technology should always be a means to improve and not a goal in itself. The ever accelerating progress of technology makes it difficult to anticipate future developments, yet some key investments have to be made as of now. Be transparent, consider giving open access to your data and ask different parties (citizens) to think with you (co-create). Quality in the long term should always be the primary objective. New skills have to be developed to create a smart city. This also entails that economic opportunities (new jobs) will be created. An open mind that allows thinking beyond the traditional sectorial boundaries is essential for the successful implementation of smart city projects. This multidisciplinary approach and creativity in the way of working should be taught and encouraged in schools/ universities. Since smart city projects bring together different issues (waste, energy, transport), there is a need for technical managers who combine in depth understanding with good general oversight. Also, decision and policy makers need to familiarize themselves with smart city technologies.

6 6 2 / Governance & Politics Governance & Politics martin valenzuela & erik plas City councils and metropolitan governments play a key role in creating and maintaining viable, sustainable cities. They should encourage technological innovations, facilitate participatory governance, adopt best practices etc. This also requires decision makers on the national and supranational levels to adopt coherent policies. In view of the rapid developments of the metropolitan community, the central question is that of legitimacy: to what extent do citizens feel represented in an ever growing city? How can a real connection between citizens and smart city technologies be created in an environment in which people are less and less interested in politics? First, technology allows for new forms of public participation. People who abstain from voting do use social networks to express their opinion on public issues. Participatory planning is now drawing on digital tools to reach and include more citizens into the decision-making processes. Another possibility is the transformation of the physical tissue of the city by creating semi-public areas where public and private actors mingle. Secondly, the city is a place of learning: it is the playground for learning life, for testing ideas and concepts. If citizens have active participation over their immediate surroundings, this could lead to great results. In general, smart cities incorporate bottom up and top down policies. Good communication is vital: authorities need to listen to citizens and make them participate. Local governments should think with you, not for you. Thirdly, it should be recognized that information and communication technologies have made radical changes to our society. Therefore, local governments must act correspondingly by providing the regulatory framework that allows for the proper functioning of innovative solutions coming from the private sector. Regulatory conflicts can indeed interfere with technological innovations. But, bottom-up initiatives should not be undervalued in their capacity to play a role in the future of cities. For example, some cities have banned a company using an app to provide an improved taxi service, rendering them more comfortable and affordable. This clearly shows an initiative that has got ahead of public action and it should be valued as such. Finally, cities cannot be considered in isolation. The issue of creating and maintaining smart cities ought to be incorporated in national and supranational policies. Also, citizens can be given the voting right for the metropolitan area instead of just their city.

7 7 3 / Urban planning & Culture Ahmad Afaneh First of all we have to define and determine the aim of culture and cultural events. Cultural activities and events are important social factors that through social regeneration projects include marginalized groups, ensure social cohesion between the rich & the poor areas, and improve communication between various groups of society, especially when it comes to empowerment and citizenship. The importance of the contribution of cultural activities to development depends on their capacity to bring out and disseminate the values and encouraging its individual or collective actors to give a future to define new projects, coordinated within steps against random references. The cultural dimension is crucial to the effectiveness of urban regeneration initiatives and the competitiveness of cities. In any successful sustainable development it is better if we indicate the cultural and creativity dimensions and domains in any process to develop our cities. We also need to stimulate creative talents and broaden our concept of creativity in order to enhance the creative capacity of the city on one hand, and on the another hand, if we think about creativity in small towns first we will get to the big city. Smart Cities is maybe too much focused on big cities. Finally, we need talented decision makers: the people creating smart cities should be creative and there are a lot of smart tools to identify them and perhaps by using the benefits of recent technology. Technology will liberate us but the problem is what do we do with this liberty? We might be more authentic or we also might have our own system of control. The current cultural policies do not achieve the goals set out and in order to achieve them it should be with a better use of productive resources. Nevertheless, it is also evident that culture is a broad-spectrum vaccination and, consequently, enables the realization of other development dimensions and it is in this context that we must consider the economic dimension.

8 8 À propos des «Jeunes Talents» Over Jong Talent Organisée par le Réseau franco-néerlandais et l EP-Nuffic, les rencontres bilatérales Jeunes Talents, initiées en 2005 par les gouvernements néerlandais et français, rassemblent au cours d une journée des jeunes de moins de trente ans pour débattre sur un thème d actualité européen. Depuis 2014, les Jeunes Talents ont été associés à la conférence «Initiative franco-néerlandaise» organisée alternativement par l Ambassade des Pays-Bas en France et l Ambassade de France aux Pays-Bas. Les Jeunes Talents sont des étudiants en Master ou en doctorat résidant en France et aux Pays-Bas sélectionnés par des experts et choisis pour leur forte implication dans leur domaine d étude et de recherche. La 5 e édition des Jeunes Talents a eu lieu le 20 novembre 2014 au CNIT La Défense à Paris. Jong Talent wordt georganiseerd door het Réseau franco-néerlandais en EP-Nuffic. Het evenement brengt sinds 2005, op initiatief van de Franse en Nederlandse regeringen, jongeren onder de dertig jaar uit beide landen samen om te debatteren over een Europees thema. Sinds 2014 is het evenement Jong Talent gekoppeld aan de conferentie Initiative franco-néerlandaise van de Nederlandse Ambassade in Frankrijk en de Franse Ambassade in Nederland. Jong Talenten zijn Masterstudenten of promovendi woonachtig in Frankrijk of Nederland, en worden geselecteerd door experts uit het veld om hun actieve bijdrage aan de discipline. De 5 e éditie van Jong Talent vond plaats op 20 november 2014 in de CNIT in Parijs. THÈMES PRÉCÉDENTS VOORGAANDE THEMA S 2005 Quelle Europe voulons-nous construire? Wat willen we met Europa? 2008 Responsabilité sociale et environnementale de l entreprise en Europe Duurzaam ondernemen in Europees perspectief 2010 Les Enjeux de la santé en Europe Gezondheidszorg in Europa 2012 Nourrir la planète De wereld voeden