LoA Report. INVOLVING FISHING COMMUNITIES INTO THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF LAKE TANGANYIKA S LIVING AND NON-LIVING RESOURCES Final Report

Transcription

1 LoA Report INVOLVING FISHING COMMUNITIES INTO THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF LAKE TANGANYIKA S LIVING AND NON-LIVING RESOURCES Final Report

2 Lake Tanganyika Authority Involving Fishing Communities into the Sustainable Use of Lake Tanganyika s Living And Non-Living Resources. FAO-SmartFish Programme of the Indian Ocean Commission, Ebene, Mauritius. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the author(s) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union FAO 2014 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO s endorsement of users views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via or addressed to copyright@fao.org. FAO information products are available on the FAO website ( and can be purchased through publicationssales@fao.org. For more information, please contact smartfish@fao.org. ii

3 Acknowledgment We would like to express our deep gratitude to all stakeholders and especially fishing communities for their participation and interest in the dangers of using illegal fishing instruments, co-management of resources, and hygiene on fish landing and beaches and alternative income generating activities for the fishing communities. More than 8000 fishermen were represented and participated in activities organized under this agreement. We are grateful to the fishing communities concerned as well as the Federation of Fishermen and Fish Suppliers who continue to educate communities on the dangers of unsustainable practices and the use of the best practices. We would like to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to FAO/SmartFish Programme, with funding from the European Union, which has facilitated the realization of the project. Also, we would like to express our gratitude for the precious contributions of the various stakeholders and scientific experts who put their knowledge at our disposal to raise awareness of the sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika. Finally, we thank all those who have contributed or will contribute in one way or another to the promotion of responsible fisheries management on Lake Tanganyika. iii

4 Executive summary Through the SmartFish Program in collaboration with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA) is implementing a regional strategy for the ESA-IO project (GCP/RAF/466/EC), focusing on "The participation of fishing communities in the sustainable use of living and non-living resources of Lake Tanganyika." One of the main objectives of the agreement is to encourage communities to engage in sustainable resource management through awareness of the best practices. Implementation of activities under the agreement has been managed by the Local Coordinator LTA. To this end, the main activity was the production of a DVD, video streaming of short stories in four languages on key issues related to the management and conservation of Lake Tanganyika. The videos were used to sensitize communities about the dangers of unsustainable practices and promote the use of the best practices. The videos were tools - keys in the activities of awareness for the fishing community by LTA and its partners. The sessions during workshops animated for leaders and key players in the fishing in Burundi, in order to share the themes of the dangers of the use of illegal fishing instruments, co-management of resources, hygiene on fish landing and beaches, and alternative income generating activities for the fishing communities. In addition to the production of videos copies on DVD, the latter have been published on the website of the LTA and social media for other potential users. The main targeted public for the videos will be mainly fishing communities of Lake Tanganyika and related stakeholders such as traders and input suppliers. Other beneficiaries and end users of the videos include: local and national governments (Burundi, DRC, Tanzania and Zambia) involved in fishing, Federation of Fishermen in Burundi and similar organizations in the DRC, Tanzania and Zambia, and partners of LTA such as research institutes and NGOs, donors and their projects. A sensitization workshop based on four thematic mentioned above had more than 150 participants representing all levels of stakeholders in Burundi fishing. Also, awareness sessions were organized within targeted primary schools and are bordering Lake Tanganyika by using learning on good fishing practices booklets and hygiene. More than 600 students had been sensitized. The last activity was the training workshop based on co-management and supervision, implementing information and awareness programs for fishing communities oriented to the practices of responsible fishing ( phasing out illegal instruments and harmful fishing practices), co-management, strengthening the constitution and boosting socio-professional groups ( committees members of the Burundian Federation of Fishermen and Fish Suppliers in Burundi ). Initiated by FFFSB, the project was led by experienced specialists in co-management and iv

5 monitoring of fishing in Burundi. They used a variety of training methods such as projections, presentations and movies on thematic ballast, field work, role plays and group discussions throughout the training. An action plan was prepared before the end of the workshop and each participant is committed to respect. Formative assessment suggests that awareness - learning process has improved significantly as indicated by the assessments before and after the projections of films. v

6 Résumé exécutif A travers le Programme SmartFish et en collaboration avec l Organisation des Nations Unies pour l Alimentation et l Agriculture (FAO), l Autorité du Lac Tanganyika (ALT) met en œuvre d'une stratégie régionale pour le projet ESA -IO (GCP/RAF/466/EC), est axé sur «La participation des communautés de pêcheurs dans l'utilisation durable des ressources vivantes et non vivantes du Lac Tanganyika». L'un des principaux objectifs de l'accord est d'encourager les communautés à s'engager dans la gestion durable des ressources par le biais de la sensibilisation aux meilleures pratiques. La mise en œuvre des activités prévues dans l accord a été gérée par le Coordonnateur Local de l ALT. A cet effet, la principale activité a été celle de produire un DVD de diffusion de vidéo d'histoires courtes en quatre langues sur les questions clés liées à la gestion et à la conservation du Lac Tanganyika. Les vidéos ont été utilisés pour sensibiliser les communautés aux dangers des pratiques non durables et de promouvoir l'utilisation des meilleures pratiques. Les vidéos ont été des outils clés dans les activités de sensibilisation de la communauté des pêcheurs par l ALT et ses partenaires. Des séances en ateliers ont animés les leaders et les acteurs clés de la pêche au Burundi, en vue de les faire partager les thématiques sur les dangers de l'utilisation des engins illégaux de pêche, la co - gestion des ressources, l hygiène au débarquement du poisson et des plages et les activités alternatives générant de revenus pour les communautés de pêcheurs. En plus de produire des copies des vidéos sur DVD, ces dernières ont été publiées sur le site Web de l ALT et les médias sociaux pour d'autres utilisateurs potentiels. Le principal public cible pour les vidéos seront principalement les communautés de pêcheurs du lac Tanganyika et les intervenants associés, tels que les commerçants et les fournisseurs d'intrants. Autres bénéficiaires et utilisateurs finaux des vidéos comprennent: les autorités locales et nationales (Burundi, RDC, Tanzanie et Zambie) impliquées dans la pêche, la Fédération des Associations de Pêcheurs au Burundi et des organisations similaires en RDC, en Tanzanie et en Zambie, et les partenaires de l ALT comme les instituts de recherche et les ONG, les bailleurs de fonds et leurs projets. Un atelier de sensibilisation basé sur les quatre thématiques précitées a permis de sensibiliser plus de 150 participants, représentants de tous les échelons des intervenant en matière de pêche au Burundi. Aussi, des séances de sensibilisation ont été organisées au sein des écoles primaires ciblées et qui sont riveraines du lac Tanganyika en usant des livrets d apprentissage sur les bonnes pratiques de pêche et d hygiène. Plus de 600 élèves ont été touchés. La dernière activité a été l atelier de formation basé sur la cogestion et la surveillance en mettant en œuvre des programmes d information et de vi

7 sensibilisation des communautés orientées vers les pratiques de pêche responsable (abandon progressif des engins illégaux et pratiques de pêche nocifs), la cogestion, le renforcement de la constitution et à la dynamisation de groupements socioprofessionnels (comités de pêches membres de la Fédération Burundaise des pêcheurs et Fournisseurs de poisson au Burundi). Ce projet initié par la FPFPB a été animé par des spécialistes expérimentés en cogestion et surveillance de pêche du Burundi. Ils ont employé une variété de méthodes de formation comme les projections des présentations et des films sur lest thématiques, le travail de terrain, les jeux de rôle et les discussions de groupes durant toute la formation. Un plan d action a été préparé avant la clôture de l atelier et chaque participant s est engagé à le respecter. L évaluation formative suggère que le processus sensibilisation apprentissage s est nettement amélioré comme l indiquent les évaluations avant et après les projections des films. vii

8 Table of contents Executive summary iv Table of contents viii Acronyms & abbreviations ix 1. INTRODUCTION Background Letter of Agreement Context LoA s objectives 5 2. DESCRIPTION Outputs and Activities Feedback from the stakeholders Communication and Visibility PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, LESSONS LEARNT AND RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES ANNEXES 33 Annex 1. Terms of reference 33 Annex 2 Workplan/Timeline of activities Annex 3. Prospectus & Agenda of the Awareness workshop 38 Annex 4. Participants list of the sensitization workshop 41 Annex 5. Small project plan/project document 45 Annex 6. Training workshop timetable 50 Annex 7. Training workshop participants list 52 Annex 8. Evaluation forms 56 Annex 9. Pictures 66 Annex 10. Press articles 67 viii

9 Acronyms & abbreviations LTA IOC FAO COMESA IGAD EAC SADC IOTC SWIOFC LVFO INSS HIV/AIDS DVD FTR AfDB DRC DWFA FFFSB Lake Tanganyika Authority Indian Ocean Commission Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Common Market for East and Southern Africa Inter- Governmental Authority on Development East Africa Community Southern African Development Community Indian Ocean Tuna Commission Southwest Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization Institut National de Sécurité Sociale Human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Digital Versatile Disc Final Technical Report African Development Bank Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Water, Fisheries and Aquaculture Federation of fishermen and fish suppliers in Burundi ix

10 1. INTRODUCTION Between March 2013 and March 2014 the Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA) with the support of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations under the framework of the SmartFish Programme (Programme for the implementation of a regional fisheries strategy for the Eastern and Southern Africa Indian Ocean region) implemented a letter of agreement (LOA) project Involving fishing communities into the sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources. The project had two key outputs: Output 1. Sensitization tools and knowledge for improved targeting of lake communities as well as national authorities for the enhanced implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan. Output 2. Contribution to the implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan fostered by sensitizing lake communities on conservation and management issues and supporting community projects aiming at sustainable use of the lake s living and non-living resources. The present Final Technical Report describes the context, activities and achievements of the project and provides recommendations for future action. The terms of reference of the LoA are provided in Annex 1 and the work plan is given in Annex 2. Part way through the implementation of the project, in November 2013, the LOA was amended and a revised set of activities and budget was agreed. This report reflects the outputs and revised set of activities agreed Background Lake Tanganyika represents 17% of the world s surface freshwater and has a wide variety of fish species. It is also the longest fresh water body on the planet stretching for a length of 676 km. The lake is shared by four countries namely Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi and Zambia. All of the lake s waters (including estuaries) are exploited by fishermen. Specific techniques are used offshore to catch a few species of high commercial value; these catches represent 90% of the total catch from the lake. The lake, notable for its extremely diverse fauna, is a home to at least 1500 plant and animal species, of which over 600 are found nowhere else in the world. The lake serves as a source of freshwater, fisheries and transport, and directly or indirectly provides a source of livelihood to an estimated population of 10 million people in the lake basin. Over 300 fish species occur in the inshore habitats and are targeted by a wide range of fishing gears by littoral fishermen. Presently the fish production from the entire lake has a value of USD 180 million (at the beach). However, if small fish are 1

11 allowed to grow larger, and other means are used to stop catches of illegal-sized fish, then the net yield could be as much as USD 300 million per annum at the landing site. This equates to an output in the order of 160,000 to 200,000 tonnes annually. At the moment, annual fish landings in Burundi are estimated at 10,000 to 11,000 tons; in Zambia at 10,000 to 11,000 tons and in Tanzania at 34,000 to 37,800 tons, and 60,000 tonnes in DRC, amounting to 114,000 to 120,000 tonnes from the four countries annually (Van der Knaap et. al. 2013). Inquiry Framework Regional Fisheries of Lake Tanganyika in 2012, the fishery is made up of more than 27,000 units of active fishing accounts for about 159,000 jobs among them 95,000 are given to fishermen. In addition, the report also indicates that the lake offers economic opportunities to more than 10 million people. The annual production of fish from Lake Tanganyika generally ranges between 165,000 and 200,000 metric tons / year (Molsa et al., 1999). The annual value of the fishery is estimated at 700 million USD (Base Study Report of PRODAP, 2004). Table 1: Some basic data on the Lake Tanganyika and its Basin Fisheries production on Lake Tanganyika in the past 40 years has undergone considerable change. Pressures on the lake and its resources have increased alarmingly. They are the result of the expansion of human populations and are associated with unplanned land occupation, unregulated business development, uncontrolled evacuation of industrial and domestic wastewater, methods 2

12 destructive Culture, deforestation, introduction of invasive species, pollution caused by transport boats or ships and fishing activities that are not allowed. According to the report of the Notwithstanding the impact of periods of civil unrest, the industrial fishery in the northern part of the lake, expanded but became no longer profitable due to increasing costs and low catches. At the same time the artisanal fishery has developed rapidly. The results of a 2011 frame survey showed that fishing capacity had more than doubled in 15 years to fishermen and fishing units. Not only has the number of fishermen increased, but also the number of fishing canoes, women processors, traders and the type and quantity of illegal and destructive fishing gears. Not surprisingly there has been a noticeable decline in fish catches in Zambia, DRC, and Tanzania. Although, except in Burundi, management has been impeded by a lack of recent fisheries data, up until 2010 at least. Environmental degradation and population growth in the Lake Tanganyika and its basin continue to pose significant challenges for the sustainability of these resources and ecosystem services. The current population growth and poverty levels of riparian communities involve a tremendous increase in the demand and consumption of biological and physical resources, and the growing impact on ecosystems and the services they provide. While fish stocks continue to provide food, employment and income for coastal countries, fishing communities are aware of the historical decline of fish biodiversity in particular the important commercial fish species and the environment. This awareness is evidence that is observed by the fishermen themselves on declining fish catches and species most caught such as Lates stappersii, Stolothrissa tanganicae and Limnothrissa miodon and other species of cichlids to such an extent that they cannot sustain long-term food supply or even commercial. Effective management has been further limited by the absence of regionally harmonized fisheries legislation along with weak institutional capacity. Furthermore, whilst national legislation exists related to management measures it is either outdated or rarely implemented due to a lack of resources. Consequently there is a proliferation of illegal destructive fishing gears such as monofilament nets and beach seines that target juvenile fish. This is leading to an enormous future loss in potential revenue and food. Pollution from industry and lakeshore communities and sedimentation as a result of deforestation and agriculture also threaten the productivity and long term sustainability of the lake s resources. A Framework Fisheries Management Plan was developed with the support of FAO some 14 years ago. This takes a regional lake wide approach to management. Management has to consider: Sensitize and prepare fishing communities to assist in the reduction of fishing effort e.g. applying a system of alternative fishing days; 3

13 Reduction of fishing effort; Licensing to prevent open-access to the fishery; Harmonized regulations; Co-management surveillance system; Prohibit the importation of illegal fishing gear; Develop a fisheries information system to monitor licensed stakeholders and registered fishing boats; Generate alternative employment opportunities near the lake in an effort to reduce pressure on the fishery (alternative employment opportunities, such as aquaculture, farming, and bee keeping). Recognising the challenges, key issues, the important role of LTA and the ongoing efforts of governments and development partners, SmartFish supported LTA to initiate a number of activities in support of good management practice and the implementation of the Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika. These on-going activities have built on and complemented the work of FAO, FINNIDA, the UNDP-Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the ADB funded Lake Tanganyika Integrated Regional Development Programme (PRODAP) ( ). The latter has assisted LTA to strengthen the management of the fisheries of Lake Tanganyika with key work on co-management, fish yield assessment, surveillance, the harmonization of fisheries management measures, regional fisheries development fund, and assessing the impact of environmental degradation on fisheries Letter of Agreement Context In recent ongoing discussions held with partners, stakeholders and beneficiaries to ensure coherence and coordination of support in line with needs and efforts of national and regional institutions in Africa, it was agreed to strengthen the capacity of the Lake Tanganyika Authority to contribute to updating and implementing the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan. A set of activities complementary to the one supported by the Technical Assistance Project to Support the Regional Programme for the Integrated Development of Lake Tanganyika (UTF/LTA/001/LTA) funded by the African Development Bank (AfDB) were identified and agreed on in order to enhance the sustainable exploitation of the lake, add to robustness of recent achievements of the LTA while strengthening LTA s capacity to perform its mandate. These activities formed the basis for a letter of agreement between LTA and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ( FAO ) under the Implementation of a Regional Strategy for the ESA-IO Project (GCP/RAF/466/EC) which is focussed on Involving fishing communities into the sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources. 4

14 Figure 1: Map of the Lake Tanganyika Basin 1.3. LoA s objectives The purposes for which the funds provided by FAO under this Amendment have been used are the following: (i) Objective To support, in a participative manner, proper and sustainable use of the Lake s living and non-living resources by fishing communities in accordance with the Lake Tanganyika framework fisheries management plan by improving knowledge on underestimated and badly known fisheries, sensitizing communities on key management and conservation issues and supporting alternative activities and behavior among these communities. 5

15 (ii) Outputs/outcomes Output 1. Sensitization tools and knowledge for improved targeting of lake communities as well as national authorities for the enhanced implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan. Output 2. Contribution to the implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan fostered by sensitizing lake communities on conservation and management issues and supporting community projects aiming at sustainable use of the lake s living and nonliving resources. Output 1: Output 2: (iii) Activities Assess the status of the fishery for fish fry, particularly practiced by women, in the inshore waters of the lake; 1.2. Based on this assessment, prepare a summary report with main conclusions and management advice for the Lake Tanganyika s Authority s Conference of Ministers; 1.3. Identify four (4) key conservation and sustainable management issues pertaining to the Lake Tanganyika living and non-living resources and develop key messages for the development of sensitization tools and sessions; 1.4. Produce 4 stories for dissemination by DVD and use in sensitisation sessions related to the 4 key conservation and management issues selected; 1.5. Post the sensitization tools on the LTA website with the necessary links to relevant web pages of FAO and IOC. Edited versions of the tools may be posted on social media as well LTA website Lead the design and implementation of sensitization sessions using the developed DVDs in selected lake fishing communities in at least 1 riparian country (e.g. Burundi); 2.2. In conjunction with the community concerned identify and design a community project supporting a more sustainable use of fisheries resources; 2.3. Manage the implementation of 1 community project that supports a more sustainable use of fisheries resources; 2.4. Monitor and assess using a simple evaluation tool, the impact of the community project on sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources. 6

16 2. DESCRIPTION The three main project partners were the Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA), the IOC SmartFish Programme, co-implemented by FAO and funded by the European Union, and the Federation of Fishermen and Fish Suppliers of Burundi (FFFSB) LAKE TANGANYIKA AUTHORITY (LTA) The Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA) was launched in December Its management structure centres on a Conference of Ministers, a Management Committee and the Secretariat itself. Implementation of many activities is the responsibility of four National Co-ordination Units. LTA s mandate is to ensure the protection and conservation of the biological diversity and sustainable use of the natural resources of Lake Tanganyika and its basin. The work of LTA is guided by its Strategic Action Plan (SAP). The priorities of which are the effective operation of the LTA, improvement of community infrastructure including water treatment, the development of stakeholders capacity in sustainable management of fisheries resources, reduction of water pollution and sedimentation flows into the lake, and establishment of an integrated regional monitoring system. The implementation of the Framework Fisheries Management Plan, which forms part of LTA's Strategic Action Programme, is key to ensuring sustainable management and protection of the aquatic ecosystem, improvement of the exploitation conditions and the valorisation of the fishing sector. Important LTA partners include the African Development Bank, Nordic Development Fund, FAO, UNDP, Global Environment Facility, IUCN and UNEP. The Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA), based in Bujumbura, is the regional body that represents the four riparian countries. The LTA was established to support implementation of the Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika (see Article 23 of the Convention). In recent ongoing discussions held with partners, stakeholders and beneficiaries to ensure coherence and coordination of support in line with needs and efforts of national and regional institutions in Africa, it was agreed to strengthen the capacity of the Lake Tanganyika Authority to contribute to updating and implementing the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan. SMARTFISH The SmartFish Programme aims at contributing to an increased level of social, economic and environmental development and deeper regional integration in the ESA-IO region through improved capacities for the sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources. The program is financed by the European Union under the 10th European Development Fund, with a total financial contribution of Euro 21 million for the first of two implementation phases. The program is implemented by the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) and co-implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in collaboration with the 7

17 Common Market for East and Southern Africa (COMESA), the East Africa Community (EAC) and the Inter- Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD). Other regional institutions involved include the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and regional fisheries management organizations, such as the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC), the Southwest Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission (SWIOFC), the Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization (LVFO), and the Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA). FEDERATION OF FISHERMEN AND FISH SUPPLIERS IN BURUNDI (FFFSB) The Federation of Fishermen and Fish Suppliers in Burundi exists since January 17, 2005 with legal status under the notarial N 530/754 of 02/08/2006 currently residing in Rumonge, Bururi Province, Republic of Burundi. Its main objective is to develop techniques such as fisheries co-management, fisheries monitoring, processing and marketing of fish to promote living conditions, including protection of the aquatic environment and peaceful conflict resolution fishermen, protection Lake Tanganyika and its biodiversity, the fight against HIV / AIDS in the middle of fishing, fishermen affiliation to the INSS (National Institute of Social Security) and other health insurance. This federation thus formed, was recognized as part of civil society by ministerial order and has a good organization; and its functioning is as follows: at the head there is a president, vice president, secretary general, deputy secretary, a treasurer and three advisers. To be effective, the fishermen have organized themselves into associations on each fishing land/port, not only in order to properly work with the Ministry having fishing in its attributions, but also work with law enforcement and local government. The FFFSB is a federation gathering 8236 people represented in community fisheries including 18 committees of fishermen and 22 associations of fishmongers, processors and sellers of fish. The representatives of these associations and committees are about 1262 with 731 men and 531 women. However, each committee and organization have an office which is composed of an Executive Committee. It is in these officers that three representatives from each institution have the title as members of the General Assembly of the FFFSB, meaning 120 members. Among the 120 representatives of the General Assembly, we have 84 men and 36 women. It is through this good organization that fishermen received the multiform support from various donors. It is in this context then they have integrated projects since July 2009 by industry but the implementation of the activity of preserving fish in ice (cold chain) within the fishing sites FFFSB is still a challenge. 8

18 2.1. Outputs and Activities This section of the report outlines the activities associated with each of the two project outputs. It also highlights associated key achievements, challenges and lessons learnt. Video shooting in Burundi on Lake Tanganyika Alain Gashaka OUTPUT 1: SENSITIZATION TOOLS AND KNOWLEDGE FOR IMPROVED TARGETING OF LAKE COMMUNITIES AS WELL AS NATIONAL AUTHORITIES FOR THE ENHANCED IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LAKE TANGANYIKA FRAMEWORK FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PLAN 1.1. Assess the status of the fishery for fish fry, particularly practiced by women, in the inshore waters of the lake A key activity of ADB funded PRODAP was the preparation, implementation and evaluation of a lake wide Frame Survey to update the understanding of the various fishing methods, catch rates and population of fishers (LTA 2012, Fisheries Frame Survey Report). As part of this project, SmartFish helped LTA to complete this survey by supporting a study on the little known inshore larvae fishery in DRC. 9

19 The study was conducted by the Uvira Fisheries Research Institute in DRC and they produced the «Rapport de mission sur les activités de pêche des larves de clupéidés le long de la cote Congolaise du Lac Tanganyika (uvira moba) effectuée du 3 Mai au 1 Juin 2013 par une équipe de chercheurs du CRH- Uvira». This fishery is exclusively performed by women and targets juvenile clupeids. The study emphasised the importance of alternative income generating activities as a key aspect of fisheries management. The main recommendations of the report are the followings. Based on the field observations, the study recommended the following: a) The fishing of clupeid larvae should be banned; b) The fishing activities should be prohibited in the coastal area which is the spawning area for almost the majority of fish species; c) There should be awareness campaigns for users of fishery resources in order to promote sustainable fisheries; d) Small loans should be granted to women so that they would undertake small business (for example sale of flour, oil, salt and soap, poultry farming (chicken and duck) and input for agriculture activities (hoe, machete); e) The farming techniques need improving; f) Cold rooms should be installed for the conservation of fishery products; g) The evacuation of fish and agriculture products to the markets in big cities (in Moba, Kalemie, Baraka and Uvira, why not in Kinshasa and Lubumbashi) should be organised; h) The school gardens should be initiated; and i) Projects on beekeeping and aquaculture should be developed Based on this assessment, prepare a summary report with main conclusions and management advice for the Lake Tanganyika s Authority s Conference of Ministers The above recommendations were also presented to the Sixth LTA Conference of Ministers Meeting held in Kinshasa, D.R. Congo on November 2013 for noting and further action Identify four (4) key conservation and sustainable management issues pertaining to the Lake Tanganyika living and non-living resources and develop key messages for the development of sensitization tools and sessions; The following four key themes for the videos were identified in collaboration with the Steering committee of the FFFSB: 10

20 Co-management of resources Dangers of using illegal fishing gear Hygiene at fish landings and beaches Alternative income generating activities for fishing communities These issues were seen as priorities both for LTA and FFFSB in terms of awareness raising amongst fishing communities in Burundi. LTA regulation According to the Article 2 of the Convention on the Sustainable of Lake Tanganyika, signed on June 12 th, The objective of the present Convention is to ensure the protection and conservation of the biological diversity and the sustainable use of the natural resources of Lake Tanganyika and its Basin by the Contracting States on the basis of integrated and co-operative management. 2. In order to achieve this objective, the Contracting States: a. co-operate in the development and implementation of harmonized laws and standards concerning the management of Lake Tanganyika and its Basin; and b. accord particular attention to ensuring that present and future communities living near the Lake benefit from the sustainable use of the Lake's natural resources and amenities. Also, the article 7 of this Convention is based on the fisheries management: 1. The Contracting States shall co-operate to promote sustainable fisheries management on Lake Tanganyika and shall take, as a matter of priority, appropriate measures to prevent and reduce as far as possible adverse impacts from fishing activities under their jurisdiction or control. 2. In order to promote sustainable fisheries management the Contracting States, acting separately and jointly, shall: a. develop, implement and enforce a framework fisheries management plan for Lake Tanganyika that shall conform to the strategic action program prepared in accordance with Article 13; b. develop harmonized national fisheries policies based on the relevant principles set out in the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries adopted by the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; c. develop, adopt, implement and enforce harmonized legal, administrative and technical measures to manage fisheries and to eliminate unsustainable fishing practices and to reduce the pressure on over-exploited fisheries by, in particular, regulating fishing effort, practices capacity and aquaculture; and d. promote broad participation in fisheries management including the development of community based management structures with due regard to local conditions. 11

21 Then, the Lake Tanganyika riparian Countries of the Republic of Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the United Republic of Tanzania and the Republic of Zambia are promoting Collaborative Fisheries Management (CFM) by forming Collaborative Fisheries Management Institutions (CFMI) through the development of detailed harmonized guidelines in an attempt to strengthen Collaborative Fisheries Management (CFM) in the context of Lake Tanganyika and its basin. FFFSB priorities The four themes were prioritized and for beneficiaries and for ALT are big actions without which we cannot achieve the sustainable management of fisheries resources LT. As LTA is a regional institution for the sustainable of Lake Tanganyika, the fishermen found that at each level of authority of communities, they need to involve every member for such 4 topics. On one side, they have been taken as the priorities of the sustainable development of fisheries. For the participation of local leaders, they are not the members of the federation, but it is involved, that's why they were invited in the various educational sessions and played an important role in recognition of activities and their importance through their speeches. The successful works and their objectives/results are more getting a follow up when the administration is implicated. They are also participating in the community meetings organised by the fishermen. For each theme, the following key message was developed: 1. Co-management of resources: Promote the official channels of information / no overlap / Protection of Human Resources 2. Dangers of using illegal fishing gear: Anarchic exploitation of the ecosystem of Lake / Avoid imbalance between supply and demand by the lack of production 3. Hygiene at fish landings and beaches: Improvement of living conditions of fishing communities / Food Security 4. Alternative income generating activities for fishing communities: Promote self-financing and support families / fight against addiction to fishing by alternative activities 1.4. Produce four (4) stories for dissemination by DVD and use in sensitisation sessions related to the four key conservation and management issues selected The main target audience for the videos are primarily Lake Tanganyika fishing communities and associated stakeholders such as traders and input suppliers. Other beneficiaries and end users of the videos include: national and local 12

22 authorities (Burundi, DRC, Tanzania and Zambia) involved in the fishery; the Federation of Fishermen's Associations in Burundi and similar organizations in DRC, Tanzania and Zambia; and LTA partners such as research institutes and NGOs, donors and their projects. Draft story boards for each topic were developed. The aim being to produce drama based stories of approximately 10 minutes per video. It was decided to make participatory videos. Participatory video is a form of participatory media in which a group or community creates their own film. The idea behind this is that making a video is easy and accessible, and is a great way of bringing people together to explore issues, voice concerns or simply to be creative and tell stories. The reason why participatory Video format was chosen is because this process appears to be very empowering, enabling the group or community to take their own action to solve their own problems, and also to communicate their needs and ideas. PV can then be a highly effective tool to engage and mobilise people, and to help them to implement their own forms of sustainable development based on local needs. Four (one for each theme) participatory videos have then been developed with fishing communities in Burundi to help sensitize communities about good fishery management and beach landing practices as well as the importance of alternative income generating activities for fishing communities. These videos have been made with, and by, the FFFSB and are likely to be the start of a more long-term initiative in the Lake Tanganyika region. A Burundi based video production company Great lakes TV was contracted to produce the videos. Production took place on location in fishing communities in Burundi in late 2013 and early The production was carried out in conjunction and with the support of the FFFSB. The videos involved members of fishing communities and were originally produced in the Kirundi language. Draft videos were reviewed by LTA and FAO prior to finalisation and use in sensitisation activities. 500 DVD copies of the videos were produced for dissemination and use by LTA and its partners. The DVDs were produced in four languages: 150 in English, 150 in French, 100 in Swahili and 100 in Kirundi Post the sensitization tools on the LTA website with the necessary links to relevant web pages of FAO and IOC. Edited versions of the tools may be posted on social media as well LTA website. LTA FAO SmartFish Sensitization sessions, The videos have also been posted on the SmartFish and LTA youtube accounts: 13

23 SmartFish LTA LTA FAO SmartFish Co-management of fisheries resources LTA FAO SmartFish Danger of illegal gears LTA FAO SmartFish Incomes GA LTA FAO SmartFish Hygiene Table 3: Dissemination plan of the DVDs LTA Partner Country Numbe r of DVDs to be sent Anticipated use of DVD by partner and likely impact Social media/ website Target audience of videos International Burundi 20 Sessions of Youtube Fisheries organizations ENG sensitization association s Fishermen Burundi 50 KIR Disseminatio Faceboo Fisheries Federation n k communitie s Local Burundi 30 KIR Disseminatio administrations n Grassroots Burundi 50 FRE Disseminatio Video Fishermen organizations/nc n s Us Federations International DRC 20 Disseminatio National organizations ENG n Departmen ts of Fisheries Grassroots DRC 50 FRE Disseminatio Institutes organizations/nc n of Fisheries Us International Tanzani 30 Disseminatio NGOs Anticipated impact of access to videos an use by the target improve the livelihoods of fishing communitie s 14

24 organizations a ENG n working with fishermen Grassroots organizations/nc Tanzani a 50 SWA Disseminatio n U Grassroots organizations/nc Zambia 30 ENG Disseminatio n U LTA Secretariat Anglophones Partners 20 ENG Disseminatio n Francophones Partners 30 FRE Disseminatio n 20 Training SWA 20 FRE Training 20 KIR Training SmartFish 30 ENG Disseminatio n OUTPUT 2. CONTRIBUTION TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LAKE TANGANYIKA FRAMEWORK FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PLAN FOSTERED BY SENSITIZING LAKE COMMUNITIES ON CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND SUPPORTING COMMUNITY PROJECTS AIMING AT SUSTAINABLE USE OF THE LAKE S LIVING AND NON-LIVING RESOURCES Lead the design and implementation of sensitization sessions using the developed DVDs in selected lake fishing communities in at least one riparian country (e.g Burundi). Under this output, three main activities were organized: a sensitization workshop in Rumonge, a mobile sensitization campaign in three main landing sites in the Rumonge area and two parallel sensitization sessions with children and women. Sensitization workshop A sensitization workshop (see program in Annex 3) was organized to encourage communities to engage in sustainable resource management through awareness of best practices. In plenary, the activity with the leaders of fishing communities in order to provide a series of actions that can be implemented to mitigate any negative impacts was done; but also in order to establish the basis for future activities at local level. 15

25 During the workshop, the four themes were presented, together with the diffusion of the four videos. National experts made the presentation and provided clarification and information on each of the four subjects. The theme 1 on resource co-management in Lake Tanganyika was treated by Ir. Leonie Nzeyimana, Director of Department of Water, Fisheries and Aquaculture (DWFA) and Focal Point SmartFish Burundi. In her introduction, she gave the current situation the number of boats and fishermen (27000 and fishing boats) on Lake Tanganyika, referred to the last part of 2012 regional survey data. She also presented the ratification of Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika, 2003 on its Article 2b. This is a responsible management through co-management that concerns the effective involvement of all stakeholders (fishermen, farmers, security, local administration, administration in charge of Fisheries) to make a synergy in the protection and preservation of Lake Tanganyika, its basin and its biodiversity. Dr Leonie Nzeyimana presented the structure: these committees are collaborative fisheries management (GSCP), they will be democratically elected and endowed with power by the competent authorities. Their implementation will bottom to upper level (from the beach at the regional level) and the work will not be paid, it is voluntary. Monitoring will be conducted by Department of Water, Fisheries and Aquaculture (DWFA) and LTA at their respective levels. The theme 2 about hygiene on fish landing and beaches has been led by Mr Evariste Rumbete, Adviser to the DEPA hygiene. He began his presentation by defining a "landing site", which is a place, fitted or not, used the landing of fishing boats and or all catches are unloaded before crossing the other steps. In Burundi, 18 sites are officially recognized. He also insisted that "hygiene" as a set of measures taken by a state, institution, community and others to preserve and improve the health of the population. Objectives to general hygiene and landed in particular are: reduce post-harvest losses, ensure the quality of fish and fishery products, improve food security, protect the health of consumers. Conditions / aspects supporting that there is a lack of hygiene were raised: it is among other things the lack of latrines, lack of drinking water, lack of landing areas, unusual behavior of relief in water, etc.. Many points contributing to the decrease in the production of fish before and after the plug has been given. Solution measures have been proposed in this case such as the change of habits and behavior, the implementation of good hygiene practices (GHP), the promotion of food law, establishing the cold chain a good management of landing sites and training for fishermen about basics of hygiene. 16

26 Dispensed by Ms. Stephanie Cishahayo, Socio-Economist Expert, the theme related to alternative income generating activities for the fishing communities. She immediately reminded participants of the decrease in fish production and its main causes. To maintain production, there should reduce the pressure on resources by initiating and developing other activities that generate income for most fishing communities. The objective of this theme is to provide technical assistance to all associations on the methodological approach to identify, formulate and implement an Income Generating Activity (IGA). This is, at least, to give a comprehensive insight into the methodology. For reasons of facilitation and access to capital and credibility, they must form associations taking into account gender, establish projects and submit to the potential donors. Procedures for the formation of associations and development of projects have been done. The last theme was developed by Mr. Gabriel Butoyi, President of the FFFSB. The presentation focused on the identification of prohibited instruments, their operation and their impact on biodiversity of Lake Tanganyika. Four types of illegal instruments : encircling gillnet ( umutimbo ), beach seine ( umukwabu ), net ( umusegetera ) and monofilament gillnet ( kamusipi ). The use of beach seine presents danger of being long, it stretches over a distance of 1 km to 1.5 km, to be used in shallow water, coastal breeding area especially where species rare such as kühe and fry life : it is not selective to the species or age. The use of encircling gillnet based on the principle to scare the fish hit the water rod which its noise inhibits reproduction by stress. It is used in shallow water, the mesh is small (less than 3-4mm) and when the fish enters does not come out. The use of mosquito takes spawning (umugara). This is a huge loss because individuals are taken before recruitment. He showed the seriousness of the practice by a striking example: a cork from a bottle of beer has about 600 individuals of spawning (umugara). Monofilament gillnets is dangerous by nature (nylon) and its effect on fish (injury), it accelerates its bacterial contamination and affect quality with implications for consumer health. The presenter called participants to make synergy, each in what he is concerned, the fight against the banned instruments. The exchanges on the four subjects brought into light several points including: Lack of visibility and understanding on how potentially work in collaboration with the Federation in terms of co-management. Lack of visibility of the work done by co-management groups: regionally settled but communities are not informed enough about their work, evaluation and what they bring. The risks that the planned massive touristic construction represents: is there any study about the impact on fishermen and the harbours. Are the 17

27 Ministries working together on these issues? Fishermen would like to be consulted. Lack of professionalism and acknowledgement of fisheries committee and lack of recognition of them by the administration. Lack of coherence of the subsequent projects that don t take into account these elements. The need of capacity building in terms hygiene: basic principles are not known. Lack of information of the existing initiatives in terms of hygiene. Media s are not involved enough in awareness rising about these topics but also in sharing information about fisheries. The following propositions were done by the audience: Strengthen fishery committee s prerogatives. Redefine action zone of the committees according to the administration one. Encourage more collaboration between the committees and the administration. Make a study about fishing ports facilities and tourism in collaboration between the two ministries. Look for potential and concrete collaboration between the communities and the federation about co-management. Evaluate and inform the communities about the work done by the comanagement groups. Capacity building of fishermen by hygiene training. Sensitization campaigns through media. Involvement of media through information sharing. Mobile sensitization campaign From 21 to 23 February 2014, LTA, & SmartFish FAO, in collaboration with the FFFSB organized a mobile sensitization campaign in three fishing lands on the shore of Lake Tanganyika. The tour was organized within the framework of strengthening the capacity of fishing communities in the sustainable management of the lake's fisheries resources. The overall objective of the tour was the sensitization of fishing communities for the awareness of good practice in the sustainable use of fisheries resources. 18

28 Map of the villages visited for sensitization sessions 19

29 A delegation made by the representative of SmartFish, Ms WALLEMACQ Florence, president of the FFFSB Mr. Butoyi Gabriel, the regional consultant Mr. Alain Gashaka, the moderator Mr. BARAGUNAGUZA Jean Bosco and a team of five technicians for filming visited three pilot landing sites that are MVUGO, RUMONGE and MAGARA. It should be noted that the shoreline of Lake Tanganyika has 18 fishing ports. The choice of three pilot ports was motivated by the very alarming situation prevailing on the ground. On the sites the delegation was welcomed by committee members of the fishermen who helped a lot running the activities of filming. The three sessions took place during two days (21-23 February 2014). On the first day, the team worked on sites Mvugo and Rumonge where they met more than 600 people while the second day was the turn of the site Magara where there were more than 200 fishermen. At each landing site, activities began with a brief presentation of the delegation and its mission done by the President of FFFSB. After this brief introduction, it was the turn of shooting the first part of the film, followed by a time for participants to give their opinions and ask questions about the projected party. The moderator intervenes to coordinate this activity. After this, it is the time for shooting the second part of the film which also was followed by a time for participants to ask questions and give suggestions. This alternation was maintained until the end of all parts of the film. At the end of the film, it came time for questions and answers and gifts were awarded to people who have responded well to the questions asked, the latter were directed in general on the various topics of the day. Gifts consisted mainly of T-shirt on which are written the message "DUKINGIRE UBUROVYI, DUKINGIRE KAZOZA. = SECURE FISHERIES, SECURE FUTURE This filming for awareness about the participation of fishing communities in the sustainable use of living and non-living resources of Lake Tanganyika, the first of its kind, has achieved the following results: The illegal fishing instruments are well known; and the dangers of their use were well taught. The conditions for good hygiene practices to fish landing sites and beaches are well understood. The fishing communities have been taught the notions of resource management (co-management).the alternative income generating activities and their importance to the fishing communities are well understood. Awareness sessions in schools Due to a planning gap waiting for sensitization items delivery from Bujumbura the President of FFFSB suggested to make a visit to the Education communal director NIYONGABO Jean to introduce the pedagogical activity book The Smart Fish. It was welcomed very positively. In consequence, 600 activity books brought by SmartFish were distributed in 11 sixth primary classes in Rumonge 20

30 schools. Each child and teacher received one version after a 15 minutes talk about Lake Tanganyika, its importance and challenging faced in terms of sustainable preservation. Having received these books, these pupils have understood the message to share, and the program is to reach communities via these children. Awareness session with women Thanks to a couple of free hours, women, fishmongers who are cooking in fishing lands (Rumonge) were also reached by our sensitization caravan. A discussion about the importance of hygiene was lead and the SmartFish cookbook was distributed. This initiative was particularly appreciated by the women who were glad that their importance was recognized through this 100% feminine session. This initiative led to the idea of another activity related to hygiene that is to help them in choosing the best cooking practices and best clean In conjunction with the community concerned identify and design a community project supporting a more sustainable use of fisheries resources. The community project was discussed during the training workshop on the contribution to the roadmap of the collaborative fisheries management (CFM) From 17 th to 18 th March 2014, in the conference room of the Tanganyika Lodge hotel of Rumonge, was held a training workshop for fishing communities (fisherman and other persons involved in the activities related to fishing) of Lake Tanganyika. The supports for the training were modules about presentations and movies on them. Two modules were planned namely co-management and monitoring Beneficiaries: fishermen, security officers, local government, the Department of Agriculture and Livestock and DWFA. The opening ceremonies were marked by a welcoming speech delivered by the Communal Administrator of Rumonge, a welcome address was delivered by the President of the FFFSB and opening speech was addressed by the Director of Waters, the Fisheries and Aquaculture. The training itself was about the presentation of two modules, each accompanied by documentary films followed by exchange and work as a team to make the action plan. The objective of any intervention on the lake in general and training in particular, is to increase fish production in Lake Tanganyika and preserve this valuable ecosystem. Related to co-management, the instructor focused on the creation, organization of committees from the base (range) at the highest level (regional), as well as the role and task for each type of committee. 21

31 The trainer also showed the reasons of the implementation of co-management committees. These include the gradual reduction of production, rapid population growth resulting from competition in illegal, the inability of the State to manage alone Fisheries investing in a lot of resources without reaching the objective, the inability of fishermen in this role having neither means nor authority/jurisdiction. To resolve various conflicts and achieve this goal, the only way is to train comanagement committees. The raised points / Recommendations from exchange: The question on the number of committee members at each level has remained open some say on the beaches are too many. But their trainer reported that this figure is indicative, they will adjust as needed after validation guidelines: Adjust the existing committees in accordance with the current system of harmonized and co-management. Popularize and promptly updated the law in order to give jurisdiction to the performers of the activities of SCS. Collaborate with other departments namely those with environmental and exchange in their duties, in order to make effective the activities of SCS. Local government should actually be involved in the protection and preservation of Lake Tanganyika: providing facilities and not orders and track. Advocacy and work for the synergy of all stakeholders for Success. Strengthen the marine security through the creation and implementation of a regional service and easy operation as the Navy faces the problems of border countries. Cover all the components in the distribution of tasks within the committees. The federation FFFSB, committees, representatives of various institutions and other associations should provide regular progress reports to the proper. Make all boats disembark on official beaches. Establishment of a network of communication between security officers, administration, and fishermen, to fight against banditry armed robbery at Lake Tanganyika recommendation to place committees. Organize safe meetings between fisheries committees, defence forces and security and administration to fight against the landing of small vessels in clandestine beaches recommendation to place committees Action Plan (See Annex 5) Five guiding questions were given to teams (5) to make an action plan: 1. What to do after the training? 2. How to do this plan? 3. When to plan? 22

32 4. How long must be do? 5. Who are the persons that are involved? After restitution in plenary, ideas identified action plan are contained in the following table: Table 4: A work plan proposed by the participants What should be done after the training - Set up the committees in charge of sensitizing fishermen - Sensitize all stakeholders including local administration why to protect LT and its products, fight against prohibited instruments and respect the calendar of closing the fishing - Sensitize on the well-established of setting up the monitoring committee - Train all people how to fight illegal fishery, to respect hygiene on landing fish, material and personal hygiene too restitution of acquired skills from the beaches - Follow and reinforce the SCS Inform and educate others about the new co-management system so that they can be prepared for it. How to do - Seek funding; Identify those who may do so Prepare and organize awareness meetings on the beaches - Reinforce the fight against illegal fishing When - Immediately During the fishing season, As soon as the funds are available How long - Twice a month during the year minding comanagement3 months10 days including 5 for the training of trainers and 5 for the formation for others, - Time will depend on the volume of activities Who can be involved The fishermen involved have to take into account the gender aspect, associations of fishermen and those doing related activities, local administration and the security officers (navy, police), the supporting members, beneficiaries of the training, the population surrounding the lake, FFFSB, committees of fishermen and anyone willing and committed 23

33 Participants who are eager to discover the new policy mechanism of Co- Management are awaited to the event. They were characterized by very rich and interesting discussions especially since it was something new. The discussions were focused on the place of each other in the establishment of new committees of fishermen following the harmonization of the latter at the regional level and the fate of existing committees. After various presentations and discussions, participants' concerns were raised with the clarifications provided by the presenters, administrative and those of various members of the federation on the basis of legal texts governing fishing in Burundi. They expressed great gratitude to the SmartFish that they have contributed financially to the organization and success of this workshop. 2.3.Manage the implementation of one community project that supports a more sustainable use of fisheries resources. Inspired and wishing to contribute to the roadmap of the collaborative fisheries management (CFM), which is about to be prepared by LTA, the FFFSB has chosen to organize an introductory training on co-management and see how to review the draft CFM Guidelines proposed by LTA. As part of this LoA, FFFSB brought together all concerned, namely the fishermen and their organizations, administrative and security authorities (police and navy), communities leaders, PRODAP, National Department of Fisheries. 2.1.Monitor and assess using a simple evaluation tool, the impact of the community project on sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources. The final evaluation is usually undertaken once the activity has been completed. An evaluation with the beneficiaries of the project need to be undertaken and it will allow the pre evaluation (before the next phase the project) and the summative evaluation (at the end of the project. Before each activity of sensitisation with the communities, we are urging to develop a detailed budget to be submitted and a framework of monitoring an evaluation (activity 2.4). We have not had a main time to focus significantly on this activity. However, we can already say that through these various activities, we have reached: 1262 Federation members, 800 people in the three communities, 625 women, 600 children in Rumonge schools, etc. 24

34 2.2. Feedback from the stakeholders - Video Sensitization was highly appreciated by the fishing communities because they have actually seen with their own eyes that they heard those words, but they were unaware. - Participants after seeing the illegal instruments and understand the harm they bring in fishing, they decided that they will begin to lend a hand to the Federation. - They will make restitution of the learned concepts in their respective communities. - They will organize several meetings on their respective ports of fishing towards fishing communities. - They think it is important to denounce recalcitrant or recidivists. Also, after seeing the consequences of the lack of hygiene in the handling of fish and the fishing ports. - They opted to change attitudes through the establishment of health committees. Set up dustbins to collect waste on the fishing land before being routed to the appropriate place. - It is important to work closely with the administrative services/departments in charge of hygiene and jurisdiction in order to start an effective system polluter. - They wish to have latrines, installation of good fountains (drinking water) and showers on the landing place. - They also appreciated the new policy of co-management mechanism drawing on the experience of other countries in the sub-region, provided that the step already taken in Burundi is not at issue: revitalization of existing committees. - It is important to extend/popularize of the new law governing fishing by awareness sessions done by the Federation FFFSB in collaboration with all stakeholders. - They confirm that this shooting has opened their mind to innovation and creating more jobs: by inciting fishermen in voluntary associations by gathering into associations. - They want to revitalize existing associations by establishing a clear management within their organizations. 25

35 2.3. Communication and Visibility Since March 2013, SmartFish has been operating in different areas and it already presents an effective impact. The activities had a huge echo through various media such as press, radio and television in all the three target communities (see Annex 9). It also raised a great deal of appreciation from key institutions and donor agencies who expressed their interest in replicating the success of the campaign in coastal areas as well as in other countries in the region. Participatory videos acted by the fishermen of Lake Tanganyika (in Burundi) appears to be a good mean and makes it clear by showing the positive impact it has on the fisher folks income, nutrition and health. The management of fisheries benefits from good communication in between local authorities, associations, fishers and the riparian population. However, the level of understanding of using illegal engines for example depends on the levels of effective interaction among the different stakeholders. The prevalent barriers to good communication, and therefore collaboration, included the lack of effective scientific information transfer tools from specialists to fishers and local people, a fear from fishers that management actions will futher limit fishing opportunities, pre-existing antagonism between commercial and other fisheries, taxes of the administration, etc. Before setting up this program, fishermen didn t respect any rule to the good treatment of Lake Tanganyika. Thanks to the program, we now learn via movies different techniques of fishing and we also build our capacity through what we watch says Gabriel Butoyi, the Chairman of the Fishers Network Federation. He goes on saying that the production of the fish will increase if fishermen will respect the aquaculture protocol by using the right fishing nets for right fish. Fishermen and local population were happy to watch these documentaries. Before, we had to sensitize them but we didn t have visual materials. Sometimes, you could have someone who couldn t identify the different types of fishing meshes even though they all leave close to the lake. We screened the documentaries and at the end of each film there was question answer session, they had time to talk about what they had seen, their reactions and suggestions M. Gabriel TOYI, President of FFFSB 26

36 3. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, LESSONS LEARNT AND RECOMMANDATIONS Table 5: Analysis of the outcome 1 Production of videos Learnt Lessons Impeccable tools for awareness The best transmission of educational messages in a local context The Federation is well-organized to perform shootings/filmings The potential actors exist The themes to be developed are numerous There exist a willingness for mutual awareness Encountered problems Time for production was very short Non mastered themes by the producers Availability of information sources Availability of actors for shootings or filming Actions that require budgeting (security, rental of equipment, fuel, human resources, communication...) Recommendations Initiate a team of actors in communities of fishermen Other Didactic tools for awareness Initiate a unit of awareness within the Federation of fishermen is necessary The themes should be conceived in time Young children could be involved in video production 27

37 Table 6: Analysis of the outcome 2 Sessions of sensitization by videos Lessons learnt The time for production was too short, enough time should be allowed to ensure sufficient quality video The videos are a good mean to train because easy to handle. The fishermen community awareness via Participatory video helps accessing various topics related to the exploitation of fisheries resources in the Lake Tanganyika. The sessions were more successful and informative compared to other techniques of awareness. The presence of experts in each topic was of great use For the questions of the participants Films made an innovation for the participants of fishing communities. The films have a double benefit of sound and image to convey the message. Most of them speaking only Kirundi, they were fortunate to find videos films in their language. This shooting has opened their minds to innovation and create more jobs The opportunity to submit suggestion on paper and not only orally gives a second opportunity to the participants to express themselves The debate after filming brings out fruitful exchanges Federation good leadership and skills for sensitization, their ability to exchange the communities These are also a mean to build capacity of the federation We managed to build a strong basis has been built for future sensitization by FFB as they now have the tools. It is important to adapt the sensitization to the needs of the audience (women, children, fishermen). Encountered problems Logistic organization requires preparation (electricity, suitable tool for projection,...) Film theatres are tightened All fishing ports were not visited because of lack of time and means Projection at night requires the presence security guards Community mobilization should be done two days before to ensure that the entire community knows the session will take place Time management for each thematic during the workshop 28

38 Recommendations/ Way forward Contribution to the implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan Lessons learnt The assimilation time is very short The evaluation of the level of assimilation is not easy to do Make more sessions in order to attain more members of fishing communities Create an evaluation after each workshop/session Organize a training to Train the presenters Ensure sufficient time for exchanges and submission of suggestions after each presentation Find local funds and contributions to organize sensitization activities Facilitators should be the persons who master the themes of video FFFSB will cover the 15 sites of fisheries FFFSB will need its own equipment for sensitization FFFSB will try to learn techniques of mobilization and sensitization Organize a team of sensitizations of FFFSB that could train people in the other LTA countries to build sensitization teams in these countries Multiply communication tools to distribute to people who answered the questions after shooting and then spend more time with the communities to exchange with them the series of public sessions around the lake allowed an exchange of information and views between local fisheries stakeholder groups and national institutions FFFSB will make a sensitization plan on fisheries topics, time lined and budgeted FFB will count on the network built in the three communities to continue the work with them. Existing of some successes: many activities initiated by previous projects can be developed Video has proved to be a very suitable and cost effective media for grass roots capacity building. The harmonization of procedures and rules regionally in co-management is requested. Participatory videos, mobile cinema and edutainment approaches shall be promoted more to reach the illiterate segments of the population. 29

39 Encountered problems Recommendations Poor efficiency of value chains in Lake Tanganyika and its fisheries communities Insufficient of information on the role of fisheries and aquaculture for food security and nutrition Awareness on the the role of fisheries and aquaculture for food security and nutrition Establish a data and information about fisheries resources in the Lake Tanganyika (websites, reports, etc.) 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS One of the major outputs from the amended LOA were four awareness raising / sensitisation videos on key natural resource management issues to help encourage improved understanding and practices amongst lakeshore communities. The four priority topics were: - The dangers of using illegal fishing gears - Co-management and monitoring control and surveillance - Hygiene and fishing communities - Alternative livelihood activities Tools and mechanisms to sensitize communities in good management practice have been developed and should be rolled out on a lake-wide basis as part of the introduction of a regional co-management approach to managing the lake. Work so far has fostered good working relationships have been established and are evolving both with and between multi-sector stakeholders and between communities, civil society and management institutions. Recommandations To LTA LTA should explain to the fisheries communities the importance to safeguard the Lake Tanganyika; LTA should take every opportunity to sensitize the stakeholders on the fisheries laws, the negative impacts of malpractices LTA should communicate useful information stakeholders and develop networks of compliance LTA should initiate a regional programme of sensitisation for fisheries communities LTA should promote the exchange and dissemination of fisheries information 30

40 LTA should provide, on a regularly updated data for Lake Tanganyika with the essential statistical and informational tools for effective fisheries management and planning. To FFFSB FFFSB will establish a active link with the communities by interacting with them to share their problems about fisheries activities FFFSB will initiate a annual work plan on the sensitization activities To SMARTFISH To support technically and encourage all sensitization activities To initiate the trainings on how to transmit educational messages in an accessible way and in the local context. IN GENERAL Develop a regional web-based database & mapping tool for fisheries actions and its communities on the Lake Tanganyika. Establish a strategy of sensitization of the fisheries communities at national and regional level. Organize campaigns and awareness programs on the role of fisheries and aquaculture for food security and nutrition. Enhance the value chains with the fisheries communities in the Lake Tanganyika basin. Develop trainings on fish handling and quality with fisheries communities. Co-management raises the awareness of fishing communities and other stakeholders about the need for sustainable management of the fisheries resources and should strengthen efforts to improve the livelihoods of fishing communities. Fisheries and infrastructure development aims at enhancing the value of fishing around the lake through improvement of product quality by means of training and outreach activities, installation of lake transport infrastructure and core equipment and the establishment of local development funds. Develop and manage fisheries databases. This data should be made available through the internet especially at LTA and Fishermen s Federations Websites. Furthermore, special training sessions should be organized as many departments in the respective countries do not have the appropriate technology and especially the internet. Re-package and disseminate information to policy makers and resources users. 31

41 5. REFERENCES LTA/FAO-Smartfish (2014), Co-management in the Lake Tanganyika, PP Presentation, Rumonge, Bururi, Burundi.LTA Secretariat (February, 2012), Fisheries Frame Survey Report. Van der Knaap, M., D. Manara Kamitenga, L. Ngoie Many, A. Esube Tambwe, and G.J. De Graaf (2013) Lake Tanganyika Fisheries in postconflict Democratic Republic of Congo. In press. LTA Secretariat (2012), Strategic Action Programme for the Protection of Biodiversity and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in Lake Tanganyika and its Basin, Bujumbura, Burundi. LTA/FAO (2010) Workshop on Climate Change and Fisheries in the African Great Lakes, Report, in Bujumbura, Burundi. FAO (2006), Lake Tanganyika Fisheries 11th Meeting Report, Kinshasa, RD Congo. LTA Secretariat (2003), Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika. 32

42 6. ANNEXES Annex 1. Terms of reference 2.1 Definition of Output(s) and/or Outcome(s) Under the overall FI FAO, general guidance of the SmartFish project Chief Technical Advisor, and in close collaboration with Technical Assistance Project to Support the Regional Programme for the Integrated Development of Lake Tanganyika as well as with the national institutions and the key stakeholders, the Lake Tanganyika Authority will be responsible for the execution of the project Involving fishing communities into the sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources. The Service Provider will produce, achieve or deliver the following outputs or outcomes: Output 1. Sensitization tools and knowledge for improved targeting of lake communities as well as national authorities for the enhanced implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan. Output 2. Contribution to the implementation of the Lake Tanganyika Framework Fisheries Management Plan fostered by sensitizing lake communities on conservation and management issues and supporting community projects aiming at sustainable use of the lake s living and non-living resources. To deliver those outputs the service provider will undertake the following activities: Output 1: 1.1. Assess the status of the fishery for fish fry, particularly practiced by women, in the inshore waters of the lake; 1.2. Based on this assessment, prepare a summary report with main conclusions and management advice for the Lake Tanganyika s Authority s Conference of Ministers 1.3. Identify four (4) key conservation and sustainable management issues pertaining to the Lake Tanganyika living and non-living resources and develop key messages for the development of sensitization tools and sessions; 1.4. Produce 4 stories for dissemination by DVD and use in sensitisation sessions related to the 4 key conservation and management issues selected; 1.5. Post the sensitization tools on the LTA website with the necessary links to relevant web pages of FAO and IOC. Edited versions of the tools may be posted on social media as well LTA website. 33

43 Output 2 : 2.1. Lead the design and implementation of sensitization sessions using the developed DVDs in selected lake fishing communities in at least 1 riparian country (e.g Burundi); 2.2. In conjunction with the community concerned identify and design a community project supporting a more sustainable use of fisheries resources; 2.3. Manage the implementation of 1 community project that supports a more sustainable use of fisheries resources; 2.4. Monitor and assess using a simple evaluation tool, the impact of the community project on sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources; 2.2 Description of services/products The final output/products expected by the project are as follows: a) An assessment report on the status of the fish fry fisheries undertaken by women in particular in the lake s inshore waters (done) ; b) A summary report focusing on main conclusions and recommendations on the status of the fish fry fisheries to be considered by Lake Tanganyika Authority s Conference of Ministers (done); c) A report containing key messages and story board for the four conservation and management issues selected and proposed story board for each short story. The story boards shall be cleared by LTA and FAO. d) Participatory DVDs containing 4 stories on key conservation and management issues pertaining to Lake Tanganyika s living and non-living resources for the development of sensitization tools and sessions; e) Report on the DVD sensitization sessions held, in at least one riparian country; f) Report on project content, detailed budget, implementation procedures and selection process submitted for approval g) One community project supported and evaluated h) A monitoring and evaluation framework developed for LTA to assess impacts of community projects on sustainable use of Lake Tanganyika s living and non living resources and related reports delivered; i) Sensitization tools published on relevant websites and DVDs available on demand (limited number). Documents will be submitted in English in electronic format, in Microsoft Word. They will include an executive summary, footnotes, a bibliography and a list of all acronyms used. FAO will provide comments and clearance of the documents produced within 15 days of the submission date. The Service provider shall ensure the visibility of the project in all the visibility and communication material including the DVDs. The FAO team will 34

44 provide to the service provider the proper information and electronic copies of the logos as needed. 2.3 Work plan and Timeframe The project will be implemented as reflected in the workplan below. Budget details can be found in Annex 1. The activities will continue upon the signature of this Agreement and will be completed by Friday March 7 th Monitoring Mechanisms and Reporting Requirements The LTA shall submit to the Budget Holder of the SmartFish project, Accra Ghana, and to the SmartFish Chief Technical Advisor, Quatre Bornes, Mauritius progress, narrative and financial reports as indicated below: Reduced to 1 intermediary (narrative and financial statement) and 1 final payment 1- First Financial and Narrative Report is due 31of November 2013 The narrative report shall describe activities occurred during the period and contain the Products 1.1, 1.3, 1.4 and The second narrative Report for the intermediary payment is due the January 27th 2014 The narrative report shall describe activities occurred during the period and contain the Products 1.2, 2.1, 2.2. The product 2.2 (Reports on projects content, detailed budget, implementation procedures and selection process submitted for approval) shall contain an itemized budget for the provisional lump sum of 10,000 US$ foreseen to implement the community project. This itemized budget needs to be approved by FAO before the payment is made and the project starts. 3- The Final Report before terminal payment is due the 7 th March 2014 The Final narrative report is to cover all the activities and products foreseen under this LOA. 35

45 Annex 2. Work plan/timeline of key events and activities 1.1 identify 4 topics for video stories 1.2 Develop draft story boards November December January February March Identify video service providers 1.4 Assist LTA in contracting a video provider 1.5 Assist the video service provider 1.6 draft videos completed and hosted on Youtube 1.7 assist the video service provider 1.8 delivery of 500 copies of the DVDs 2.1 identify 3 communities for sensitisation 2.2 Develop half day sensitisation session plan 2.3 plan sensitisation 2.4 arrangements for the sensitisation sessions 2.5 Design evaluation tool 36

46 2.6 sensitisation activities with 3 communities 2.7 short report November December January February March desk study 3.2 selection of a community 3.3 Design a small development project 3.4 implementation of the project 3.5 short project report 4.1 Design monitoring evaluation tool 4.2 baseline survey 4.3 assessment of project impact 4.4 document evaluation tool 5.1 Draft FTR report 1 Documents which can be obtained from the LTA Secretariat 2 Documents which can be obtained from the Department of Fisheries in Democratic Republic of Congo 37

47 Annex 3. Prospectus & Agenda of the Awareness workshop PROSPECTUS FOR AWARENESS WORKSHOP ON SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FISHERIES FOR FISHING COMMUNITIES IN BURUNDI RUMONGE: FEBRUARY 20, 2014 Brief overview Lake Tanganyika is shared by four riparian countries such as Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania and Zambia. The Lake, noted for its wide variety of wildlife, home to at least 1,500 plant and animal species, of which more than 600 are found nowhere else in the world. The lake is a source of freshwater, fish and serves as a transport, and directly or indirectly provides a source of livelihood for about 10 million people living in the lake basin. The Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA), based in Bujumbura, is the regional organization representing the four riparian countries. The ALT was created to support the implementation of the Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika (see Article 23 of the Convention). During ongoing discussions that took place recently with partners, stakeholders and beneficiaries ensuring coherence and coordination of assistance based on the needs and efforts of national and regional institutions in Africa, it was agreed to strengthen the ability of the Lake Tanganyika Authority to assist in the updating and implementation of the plan of Management Structure Fisheries of Lake Tanganyika. Currently, LTA has an agreement with the UN Food and Agriculture Organization ("FAO") under the implementation of a regional strategy for the ESA project - IO (GCP / RAF / 466/EC), which focuses on "The participation of fishing communities in the sustainable use of living and non-living resources of Lake Tanganyika." One of the main objectives of the agreement is to encourage communities to engage in sustainable resource management through awareness of best practices. Workshop objectives The objectives of the workshop are to initiate awareness among fishing communities on the issues of sustainable use of living and non-living resources of Lake Tanganyika, and refine the analysis of the impact of the fishing business management of these resources. The other objective is to produce videos of short stories in four languages on key issues related to the management and conservation of Lake Tanganyika. The videos will be used to educate people about the dangers of unsustainable practices and promote the use of best practices. The videos will be used in the activities of the community by LTA and its partners. In additional, the videos will also be available on the LTA website and social media for other potential users. The four key themes for the videos are: Dangers of using illegal fishing instruments Co - Management of Resources 38

48 Hygiene on fish landing and beaches Alternative activities generating income for fishing communities The primary targeted public will be mainly fishing communities of Lake Tanganyika and related stakeholders such as traders and input suppliers. Other beneficiaries and end users of the videos are: local and national leaders (Burundi, DRC, Tanzania and Zambia) involved in fishing, Federation of Fishermen in Burundi and similar organizations in the DRC, Tanzania and Zambia, and partners of LTA like research institutes and NGOs, donors and their projects. Organization and participation The workshop is supported by the FAO / SMARTFISH and is organized by the Lake Tanganyika Authority. It will be held on 20 th February 2014, in Lake Tanganyika Lodge in Rumonge, Bururi, Southern of Burundi. Participation in the workshop will include the representatives of fishermen's associations, women traders, local authorities/leaders, maritime authorities/leaders, agencies respectively of country fisheries and environment. Participants will be selected by their agencies in close collaboration with the organizers. Representatives of FAO, SmartFish and Lake Tanganyika Authority will also participate in the workshop. Agenda The opening of the workshop will be officially made by His Excellency the Executive Director of LTA. Before the official opening, there will be two declarations, the Representatives of FAO and the Federation of Fishermen and Fish Suppliers in Burundi ( FPFPB ). After the official opening, there will be a number of presentations: i) Dangers of the use of illegal fishing instruments, ii) Co - management of resources, iii) Hygiene on fish landing and beaches, iv) Alternative activities generating income for fishing communities After the presentations and projections of mini movie of 10 minutes each, participants will be divided into working groups where they will discuss the four thematic answering the following questions (which situation? What is being done now? What should be done by the fishing communities? What contributions of institutions - FPFPB, LTA, Min Fishing, FAO / SmartFish), etc. The workshop will be followed by a press conference. Detail of the Provisional Agenda - Thursday, 20 th February :30 / 9:00: Arrival and registration of guests 9:00 / 9:10: Speech by the Representative of Commune of Rumonge 9:10 / 9:20: Speech by the Representative of Federation of Fishermen 9:20 / 9:30: Speech by FAO Representative (Burundi) / SmartFish 9:30 / 9:50: Official opening by His Excellency Jean Marie NIBIRANTIJE, Executive Director of LTA 9:50 / 10:00: Presentation of participants 10:00 /10:20:Theme 1: Presentation on Dangers of using illegal fishing instruments 10:20 / 10:30: Projection of the 1 st Video 10:30 / 11:00: Discussion - Debate on the theme 11:00 / 11:20: ((Coffee / tea break)) 11:20 / 11:40: Theme 2: Presentation on Co - Management of resources 11:40 / 11:50: Projection of the 2 nd Video 11:50 / 12:20: Discussion - Debate on the theme 12:20 / 12:40: Theme 3: Presentation on Hygiene on the fish landing and beaches 39

49 12:50 / 1:20 p.m.: Discussion - Debate on the theme 1:20 p.m. / 1:30 p.m.: Logistic instructions 1:30 p.m. / 2:30 p.m. :(( Lunch)) 2:30 p.m. / 2:50 p.m :Theme 4: Alternative activities generating income for fishing communities 2:50 p.m. / 3:00 p.m.: Projection of the 4 th Video 4:00 p.m. / 4:20 p.m.: Discussion 4:20 p.m. / 5:00: Group work 5:00 p.m. / 5:30 p.m.: Plenary group work 5:30 End of the session Expected results The workshop is to encourage communities to engage in sustainable management of resources through awareness of best practices, and will provide a series of actions that can be implemented by communities to mitigate any negative impacts, but also establish the basis for future activities at local level. FAO and SmartFish hope to support the development of mitigation and adaptation in fishing communities around the Lake Tanganyika Basin in order to maintain current levels of fish production, support in daily life and food security at regional level. Languages The languages used in the workshop are respectively French and Kirundi. Registration and participation fees Travel expenses and per diem during the workshop will be covered for participants 40

50 Annex 4. Participants list of the sensitization workshop Nom et prénom Position COMMUNE/PROVINCE STRATE I : BUJUMBURA 1 NZEYIMANA Léonie DEPA (Formateur) Bujumbura 2 KIYUKU Antoine Expert PRODAP (Formateur) Bujumbura 3 RUMBETI Evariste DEPA (Formateur) Bujumbura 4 MANIRAMBONA Jonathan Equipage du vedette de surveillance Bujumbura 5 RUFEGURA Joel Equipage du vedette de surveillance Bujumbura 6 NSENGIYUMVA Jean comité des pêcheurs Kadjaga Bujumbura 7 NDUWIMANA Yvette comité des pêcheurs Kadjaga Bujumbura 8 NTAMAGARA George comité des pêcheurs Kadjaga Bujumbura 9 NTAMAGARA Albert comité des pêcheurs Kadilac Bujumbura 10 MANIRAKIZA Bonaventure comité des pêcheurs Kadilac Bujumbura 11 IRAMPAYE Gilbert comité des pêcheurs Kanyosha Bujumbura 12 NKONGORO Stany comité des pêcheurs Kanyosha Bujumbura 13 MANIRAKIZA Embroise Colonel Marine Bujumbura 14 BARAMPAMA KINKO Fabien comité des pêcheurs Nyamugari Bujumbura 15 NTAHOMPAGAZE Déogratias comité des pêcheurs Nyamugari Bujumbura 16 NDABARUHIYE Dionise comité des pêcheurs Nyamugari Bujumbura 17 KWIZERA Aline Comité des pêcheurs Gitaza Bujumbura 18 BATWANKE Audence Comité des pêcheurs Gitaza Bujumbura 19 NZIKOBANYANKA Onésphore Comité des pêcheurs Gitaza Bujumbura 20 SAKUBU Joseph Comité des pêcheurs de Magara Bujumbura 21 MVUYEKURE Emmanuel Comité des pêcheurs de Magara Bujumbura 22 NTIRAMPEBA Anne Comité des pêcheurs de Magara Bujumbura 23 CONGERA Adolphe Chauffeur DEPA Bujumbura 24 NDIMIGWIMO Romeo Comité des pêcheurs Kiringi-Kabezi Bujumbura 25 NTAMARERERO Jean Poste Marine de Magara Bujumbura 26 MANIRAKIZA Joachin Admicom Bugarama Bujumbura 27 NDIMUNZIGO Bernard Observateur des pêches Magara Bujumbura 28 NZEYIMANA Ibrahim Association AVEPOMABU Bujumbura 29 NKESHA Elise Association AVEPOMABU Bujumbura 30 INAMAHORO Rebeca Association Dushigikirane Bujumbura 31 NZOHABONAYO Marguerite Association Dushigikirane Bujumbura 32 KEZIMANA Sonia Observateur des pêches Gitaza Bujumbura 33 HABONIMANA Jeannette Observateur des pêches Kanyosha Bujumbura 34 NIJIMBERE Candide Observateur des pêches Kadilac Bujumbura 35 NIYONGABO Eloge Observateur des pêches Kiringi Bujumbura 36 NIYIBIZI Audiphax Observateur des pêches Kajaga Bujumbura 37 CISHAHAYO Stéphanie Formateur Bujumbura 38 BARAGUNAGUZA Bosco Modération Bujumbura STRATE II: BURURI 39 RUSOYA Elie Comité des pêcheurs Rutumo Bururi 40 NKOROKORO Nsabimana Comité des pêcheurs Rutumo Bururi 41

51 41 NIMUBONA Gordien Comité des pêcheurs Rutumo Bururi 42 NYANZIRA Déogratias Comité des pêcheurs Minago Bururi 43 HAKIZIMANA Aline Observateur des pêches Minago Bururi 44 KABONGO Elias Comité des pêcheurs Kagongo Bururi 45 MANIRAKIZA Lévis Comité des pêcheurs Kagongo Bururi 46 NIMBONA Sylvie Comité des pêcheurs Kagongo Bururi 47 NTIRANYIBAGIRA Stany Comité des pêcheurs Kizuka Bururi 48 BUREGEYA Assoumani Comité des pêcheurs Kizuka Bururi 49 HABONIMANA Audace Observateur des pêches Kizuka Bururi 50 BAZIRA Yeredi Comité des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 51 GAFASHA Manasseh Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 52 NDIWENUMURYANGO Philippe Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 53 KABURA Pekin Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 54 HATANGIMANA Céléstine Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 55 BIRIHANYUMA Edmond Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 56 NYANDWI Seleman Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 57 NIYONZIMA Vénant Chef de poste PSI Rumonge Bururi 58 CONGERA Marie Comités des pêcheurs Karonda Bururi 59 KIREMBA Amuri Comités des pêcheurs Karonda Bururi 60 NIMBONA Vertus Comités des pêcheurs Karonda Bururi 61 NDAYIZEYE Claudette Association Twinanate Bururi 62 BANYANKIYUBUSA Joseph Association Twinanate Bururi 63 KADAFI Mariam Association ADEP Bururi 64 NDUWIMANA Majidi Association ADEP Bururi 65 NDAYISABA Josephine Association Duhaguruke Bururi 66 NIZIGIYIMANA Chantal Association Duhaguruke Bururi 67 NIZIGIYIMANA Louise Association Bakenyezi dufumbatirane Bururi 68 NZIKORURIHO Yorande Association Bakenyezi dufumbatirane Bururi 69 DUKOMEZE Juma Encadreur du PRODAP Bururi 70 NDINDIMA Ismaili Association Tubungabunge ibinyabuzima Bururi 71 NIVYAYO Excel Association Rumonge nziza Bururi 72 BUTOYI Rahama Association Rumonge nziza Bururi 73 MANIRAKIZA Céléstin Observateur des pêches Rumonge Bururi 74 NDAYISHIMIYE Pascasie Association APERL Bururi 75 NIYINTUNZE Benigne Association APERL Bururi 76 KABURA Godelive Association AFBUDE Bururi 77 NTIMPIRAGEZA Espérance Association AFBUDE Bururi 78 GAHUNGU Gilbert Association Abashazangendo Bururi 79 Mariam BADE Association Twitezimbere Bururi 80 KABURA Juma Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 81 MUKANYA Sadi FPFPB Bururi 82 NTIBATINGESO Cassien Comités des pêcheurs Rumonge Bururi 83 BUTOYI Gabriel Organisation Bururi 84 NDIKUMANA Jean Petit Chef de zone Kizuka Bururi 85 URAMBAGA Rehanie Chef de zone RUMONGE Bururi 42

52 86 KWIZERA Michel Chef de zone Gatete Bururi 87 NTIRANDEKURA Moise Chef du Cartier Kanyenkoko Bururi 88 MUNTUNGEKO Asumani Chef du quartier Nkayamba Bururi 89 NTAWENGANYIRA Twaha Chef du quartier Iteba Bururi 90 JUMA Issa Chef du quartier Centre urbain Bururi 91 NIJIMBERE Esperance Chef de zone Kigwena Bururi 92 MUHITIRA Elie Chef de zone Minago Bururi 93 BIHIMVYUMUGERI Vincent FPFPB Bururi 94 NDIKUMANA Gérard Adminicom Rumonge Bururi STRATE III: MAKAMBA 95 KABURA Prudence Admicom Nyanzalac Makamba 96 BACANAMWO Gaspard FPFPB Makamba 97 NDAYISENGA Alex Marine Nyanzalac Makamba 98 NTUNZWENIMANA Léroue Chef de poste PSI Nyanzalac Makamba 99 NYABENDA Abednego Comité des pêcheurs Muguruka Makamba 100 INGABIRE Célestin Comité des pêcheurs Muguruka Makamba 101 NGENDAKURIYO Marie Comité des pêcheurs Muguruka Makamba 102 NTIRUHUNGWA Musa Observateur Muguruka Makamba 103 MINANI Ernest Comité des pêcheurs Mvugo Makamba 104 NTAHOMEREYE Francois Comité des pêcheurs Mvugo Makamba 105 MAGENGE Kinyata Comité des pêcheurs Mvugo Makamba 106 MANIRAGARURA Rémy Comité des pêcheurs Gifuruzi Makamba 107 NGABIRE Evral Equipage du Vedette de surveillance Makamba 108 NZOYABARIGWA Joseline Comité des pêcheurs Gifuruzi Makamba 109 CUBWA Eric Comité des pêcheurs Kabonga Makamba 110 NDIZEYE Isae Comité des pêcheurs Kabonga Makamba 111 NIZIGIYIMANA Péline Comité des pêcheurs Kabonga Makamba 112 SINDAYIHEBURA Daniel Comité des pêcheurs Nyagatanga Makamba 113 SINDABIZEYE Raimond Encadreur PRODAP Makamba 114 BUCUMI Pascasie Association Dufashanye Makamba 115 MUJANDI Obedi Association AFPOMABU Makamba 116 NINYUNZE Bénigne Association Twiyungunganye Makamba 117 NTAWUYANKIRA Barthelemy Association Turobetwirobera Makamba 118 NYABENDA Samuel Association Dukomezubumwe Makamba 119 NAHIMANA Sylver Observateur des pêches Mvugo Makamba 120 NYANDWI Ephrem Observateur des pêches Kabonga Makamba 121 MANIRAKIZA Raba Observateur des pêches Nyagatanga Makamba 122 BASHIRWA Honoré Encadreur PRODAP Makamba 123 NIYONGABO Ildephonse Equipage du vedette de surveillance Makamba 124 NKENERWA Adolpf Comités des pêcheurs Karonda Makamba ALT 125 Ir Jean Marie Nibirantije Directeur Executif 126 Liliane Debege Assistant Admin & Finance 127 Alain Gashaka Communication Consultant MEDIAS 43

53 128 BONESHA FM Journaliste correspondant Rumonge 129 RPA Journaliste correspondant Rumonge 130 IWACU Journaliste correspondant Rumonge 131 RTNB Radio Journaliste correspondant Rumonge 132 Journaliste Reporter Bujumbura 133 RTNB TV Journaliste Reporter Bujumbura 134 Journaliste Reporter Bujumbura 135 ABP Infos Journaliste Reporter Bujumbura 136 STAR FM Journaliste correspondant Rumonge 44

54 Annex 5. Small project plan/project document Pays : BURUNDI (Un des pays riverains du lac Tanganyika : Burundi, République démocratique du Congo (RDC), République-Unie de Tanzanie, Zambie) Titre du Projet : Symbole du projet : Projet pour le renforcement des capacités sur les pratiques de pêche responsables, les mécanismes de cogestion des acteurs de la Fédération des Pêcheurs et des Fournisseurs du Poisson au Burundi (FPFPB) LTA/FAO - SmartFish Date de démarrage : MARS 2014 Date d achèvement : Responsable de l exécution du projet : Fédération des Pêcheurs et des Fournisseurs du Poisson au Burundi (FPFPB) en collaboration avec l Autorité du Lac Tanganyika (ALT) CONTEXTE ET JUSTIFICATION Aperçu général du Lac Tanganyika : écosystème, pêcheries et moyens de subsistance Situé dans la partie occidentale de la Rift Valley, entre le Burundi, la République démocratique du Congo (RDC), la Tanzanie et la Zambie, le lac Tanganyika, de par ses caractéristiques, représente, à bien des égards, un exemple des plus frappants en Afrique et même au monde. Il est: le plus long lac du monde (670 km) ; le plus vaste parmi tous les lacs africains il vient au second rang pour son étendue (superficie = km2) après le lac Victoria, et en cinquième position parmi les plus grands lacs du monde ; le plus profond (1 470 m) de tous les lacs africains et occupe la seconde place parmi les lacs les plus profonds du monde (après le lac Baikal) ; 45

55 il constitue l unique et le plus grand réservoir d eau douce du continent (volume = km3) et l un des plus grands au monde ; et il est un des écosystèmes d eau douce possédant la plus grande biodiversité de la planète (plus de espèces de plantes et d animaux, la moitié d entre elles endémiques au Bassin du lac Tanganyika). Pêche sur le lac Tanganyika Le lac joue également un rôle crucial dans le maintien du bien-être humain et la consolidation des moyens de subsistance : il renferme une des plus grandes pêcheries continentales d Afrique (seconde après celle du lac Victoria) et par conséquent représente la sécurité alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance pour des millions d habitants dans les limites et tout autour de son bassin. Les niveaux de capture estimés ces dernières années varient entre et tonnes, et les rendements annuels en découlant sont évalués aux alentours de 80/100 millions de dollars EU; en plus de la pêche traditionnelle, le lac génère, directement ou indirectement, des revenus, procure des ressources alimentaires, est une source d eau potable, et assure des moyens de transport et de communication à environ 10 millions de personnes résidant dans son bassin hydrographique. Plusieurs autres millions de personnes situées dans un plus grand rayon commercial du lac Tanganyika consomment les produits de la pêche et bénéficient donc régulièrement ou occasionnellement de ses ressources. Pour beaucoup de communautés, le poisson est la seule et plus importante source de protéines animales. Menaces pour le lac Tanganyika La prise de mesures pour assurer l intégralité de l écosystème du lac Tanganyika et la viabilité des pêcheries qu il renferme est évidemment de la plus grande importance. Toutefois, les pressions exercées sur le lac et sur ses ressources se sont accrues de manière alarmante. Elles sont le résultat de l expansion des peuplements humains et vont de pair avec l occupation non planifiée du territoire, le développement non réglementé des activités commerciales, l évacuation non contrôlée des eaux usées industrielles et domestiques, les méthodes de culture destructrices, la déforestation, l introduction d espèces envahissantes, la pollution causée par les bateaux de transport et les activités de pêche non autorisées. D après le rapport de l Enquête Cadre Régionale des Pêches du Lac Tanganyika de 2012, la pêche est constituée de plus de unités de pêche actives qui assurent environ emplois dont sont des pêcheurs. Par ailleurs, le rapport indique également que le lac offre des opportunités économiques à plus de 10 millions de personnes. La production annuelle de poisson du lac Tanganyika oscille généralement entre et tonnes métriques / an (Molsa et al., 1999). La valeur annuelle de la pêche est estimée à 700 millions USD (Rapport d'etude de Base du PRODAP, 2004). 46

56 La dégradation environnementale et l accroissement de la population dans le lac Tanganyika et son bassin continuent de poser des défis considérables pour la durabilité de ces ressources et services écosystémiques. L accroissement actuel de la population et les niveaux de pauvreté des communautés riveraines impliquent une augmentation formidable de la demande et la consommation des ressources biologiques et physiques, ainsi que les répercussions croissantes sur les écosystèmes et les services qu'ils fournissent. Comme les ressources se font rares dans la région, les conflits entre la conservation et les autres utilisations des terres sont susceptibles d'augmenter et les communautés risquent de devenir plus vulnérables, avec des effets néfastes sur les économies des pays riverains et l'état des ressources du lac. Alors que les ressources halieutiques continuent de fournir de la nourriture, de l'emploi et de revenus pour les pays riverains, les communautés de pêcheurs sont conscients du déclin historique de la biodiversité halieutique en particulier les espèces importantes de poissons commerciaux et l'environnement. Cette prise de conscience constitue une preuve qui est observée par les pêcheurs eux-mêmes sur la baisse des captures et des espèces de poissons les plus capturées telles que les espèces Lates, Limnothirissa miodon et Limnothrissa tanganicae, entre autres les espèces de clupéidés et cichlidés, de tel point qu ils ne peuvent plus soutenir à long terme l'approvisionnement alimentaire ou même commerciale. La cogestion et son nouveau approche (Source : La cogestion des ressources du lac Tanganyika, Mme Léonie Nzeyimana) Les efforts du gouvernement pour la gestion de la pêche semblent souvent inefficaces, ce qui engendre une recherche d'approches alternatives. La cogestion est actuellement l'une des approches favorisées à la gestion des pêches dans le monde entier car elle apporte à bord les parties prenantes, plus important encore, les communautés de pêcheurs à participer au processus de prise de décision dans l optique de la gestion et la planification des pêches. Cette approche a été tentée dans les pays insulaires de l'indopacifique comme l'indonésie, la Malaisie et d'autres pays d'extrême-orient, et les résultats sont prometteurs. Les pays riverains du lac Tanganyika ont également tenté à plusieurs reprises de l appliquer, d'où la nécessité d'harmoniser les processus et les réseaux des Institutions de Gestion Collaborative des Pêches (IGCPs). Les gouvernements des quatre pays riverains, à travers leurs politiques et les législations nationales des pêches, sont entièrement favorables à cette approche, la considérant comme une option pour réduire les coûts de gestion impliqués dans la conservation et la gestion des pêches. Actuellement, ni les gouvernements, ni les communautés de pêcheurs ne sont capables de gérer les pêches dans l'isolement face à l'augmentation de la population composée de pêcheurs et la vague de l'utilisation croissante des techniques et des méthodes de pêche destructrices. 47

57 La GCP s est révélée utile pour augmenter l'efficacité de la gestion tout en augmentant la légitimité de la législation des pêches au vue des communautés de pêcheurs. En outre, elle réduit les conflits et les coûts de gestion, améliore le contrôle et la surveillance, améliore la qualité des données et l'efficacité de l'application de la loi en impliquant les communautés de pêche. L'idée centrale est la coopération entre les institutions gouvernementales et les communautés de pêche dans toutes les questions liées à la conservation durable, la gestion et l'utilisation des ressources halieutiques OBJECTIFS DU PROJET Le principal objectif du projet est de faciliter la participation efficace des pêcheurs dans la protection de la diversité biologique et l environnement lacustre du lac Tanganyika. Les activités, dans le cadre de cette assistance, devront par conséquent s assurer que le projet met en œuvre les programmes d information et de sensibilisation des communautés orientées vers les pratiques de pêche responsable (abandon progressif des engins et pratiques de pêche nocifs), la cogestion, le renforcement de la constitution et à la dynamisation de groupements socioprofessionnels (comités de pêches membres de la Fédération Burundaise des pêcheurs et Fournisseurs de poisson au Burundi) et ceci, en appui aux encadreurs de base du PRODAP et aux agents de la Direction des Eaux, Pêche et Aquaculture. RÉSULTATS ATTENDUS Les résultats spécifiques du projet sont mentionnés ci-dessous : Un encadrement technique des pêcheurs, mareyeurs et opérateurs de la filière pêche est assuré ; La constitution et l animation des groupements socioprofessionnels viables pour une connaissance de base sur la cogestion est assuré ; Les capacités institutionnelles en cogestion et surveillance de la Fédération des pêcheurs, de l administration des pêches et des opérateurs de la filière sont renforcées. PLAN DE TRAVAIL Les activités du projet se dérouleront en deux étapes, portant sur une période de 15 jours. Une étape de préparation et une autre de formation proprement dite. Un programme d activités et de besoins est donné en annexes. RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITÉS Des activités de formation et de sensibilisation sont prévues dans le cadre de cette assistance. Ces activités aideront à encourager le renforcement de la capacité en vue de développer des activités valables en matière de cogestion et de surveillance des pêches dans le bassin du lac Tanganyika, cas du Burundi. 48

58 COMPOSANTE FORMATION ET/OU ANIMATION Durant la formation, deux thèmes clés ont été choisis ainsi que leur contenu: Les mécanismes de cogestion des pêches adaptables au lac Tanganyika : Qu en est-il de la cogestion?- Les revers d une gestion centralisée des pêches, qui est chargé de réglementer la pêche?- Les solutions envisagées au Burundi, impacts actuels de la cogestion sur la communauté, sur les méthodes de pêche, sur la ressource. Le suivi, contrôle et la surveillance des pêcheries au lac Tanganyika : Introduction au SCS, définition du SCS, perspective historique, les problèmes majeurs à signaler et à résoudre, stratégie et plan, les considérations stratégiques essentielles, cas d une pêcherie à utilisateurs multiples, les engins de pêches, qui devrait payer pour la surveillance? comment faciliter le SCS, options administratives système de marquage des navires, interdiction de certains transbordements, limitation des points de débarquement, séparation des zones côtières, comités mixtes, gestion et mise en commun des informations, le système d aménagement, la conclusion. CONTRIBUTION DE L ALT, DE LA FAO - SMARTFISH Personnel requis Services techniques de l ALT, de la FAO et de SmartFish ainsi que la FPFPB fourniront les services d assistance technique pour étayer le travail des formateurs. Voyages de service Des voyages sont prévus et sont par le budget de l activité. Contrats, lettres d accord ou accords de services contractuels Des accords de service contractuels seront conclus pour organiser l activité, et pourront s appliquer à la location des services, selon les besoins, de même qu à tous les autres services locaux nécessaires. Matériel, fournitures et équipement Afin de faciliter le déroulement des activités, la coordination du projet ALT/FAO- SmartFish basée au Secrétariat de l ALT ainsi que la FPFPB se chargeront de faire le suivi. Coûts directs de fonctionnement Les coûts directs de fonctionnement couvriront les diverses dépenses engagées. RAPPORT La FPFPB produira un rapport sur les principaux résultats de la formation. 49

59 Annex 6. Training workshop timetable L'ATELIER DE FORMATION EN COGESTION ET SURVEILLANCE SUR LE LAC TANGANYIKA RUMONGE 17 AU 18 MARS 2014 Lundi, le 17 Mars :30 / 09:00 : Arrivée et enregistrement des invités 09:00 / 09:10 : Discours de l Administrateur Communal de Rumonge 09:10 / 09:20 : Discours du Représentant de la FPFPB 09:20 / 09:30 : Directrice du Département des Eaux, de la Pêche et de l Aquaculture 09:30 / 09:40 : Présentation des participants et du programme du jour 09:40 / 10:10 : Chapitre 1 10 :10 /10:30 : Discussions (Questions Réponses) 10:30 / 11:00 : ((Pause café/thé)) 11:00 / 11:30 : Chapitre 2 11:30 / 11:50 : Discussions (Questions Réponses) 11:50 / 12:00 : Formation des groupes / 3 questions formulées 12:00 / 12:40 : Travaux en groupes 12:40 / 13:00 : Présentation des résultats de groupe 13:00 / 14:00 : ((Pause déjeuner)) 14:00 / 14:30 : Chapitre 3 14:30 / 15:30 : Discussions (Questions Réponses) 15:30/ 16:00: ((Pause Fanta)) 16:00 / 16:30 : Travaux en groupes (Un plan d'action est proposé, ce que voudraient-ils faire maintenant avec la connaissance de la formation, comment se proposent-ils à le faire, quand et combien de temps cela prendra et qui sera impliqué) 16:30 / 16:50 : Plénières des travaux en groupes 16 :50/17 :00 : Consignes de logistique et Fin de la journée 50

60 L'ATELIER DE FORMATION EN COGESTION ET SURVEILLANCE SUR LE LAC TANGANYIKA RUMONGE 17 AU 18 MARS 2014 Mardi, 18 Mars :30 / 09:00 : Arrivée et enregistrement des invités 09:00 / 09:10 : Récapitulatif des travaux de la veille 09:10 / 09:30: Chapitre 1 09:30 / 09:50 : Discussions 09:50 / 10:10 : ((Pause café/thé)) 10:10 / 11:40 : Chapitre 2 11:40 / 12:00 : Discussions 12:00 / 12:30 : Travaux en groupes (Un plan d'action est proposé, ce que voudraient-ils faire maintenant avec la connaissance de la formation, comment se proposent-ils à le faire, quand et combien de temps cela prendra et qui sera impliqué) 12:30 / 12:50 : Présentation des résultats de groupe 12:50 / 13:00 : Formulations des recommandations et des actions futures 13:00 / 14:00 : ((Pause déjeuner)) 14:00 / 14:30 : Consignes de logistique et Fin de la formation 51