Air Liquide Advanced Technologies Your industrial partner for Equipment and R&D for Small Satellites

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1 Air Liquide Advanced Technologies Your industrial partner for Equipment and R&D for Small Satellites SmallSat Symposium, Toronto Feb

2 Air liquide background in Aerospace Technologies Launchers Official Supplier of Ariane 5 Cryogenic tanks (O2, H2, He) Thermal shielding Cryo Fluid and Gas distribution (lines, valves, control) Orbital systems and Satellites Ultra Low Temperature 0.1K-1.6K Pulse Tube CryoFingers 10K-150K Turbo-Brayton Coolers 200K Thermal Shielding Frames and supports Cryo Fluid and Gas distribution (lines, valves, control) Ground resources Space Simulation Chambers Launch Simulation Test Benches Gas and CryoFluid distribution equipment Extensive R&D, engineering and manufacturing capabilities 2 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

3 Air Liquide General competences Conception: Fluidic Numerical simulations (CFD, Ecosim ) Thermal analyses (ESATAN ) Mechanical analyses (Hyperworks, Esacrack ) Command and control (Piloting, Regulation) 3D CAD for mechanical and electrical design (SolidWorks) System Integration Qualification: Extensive catalog of standardized protocols Numerous test facilities (Vibration, Vacuum, EMI, Cryogenics, Hydrogen ) Fabrication Advanced welding on capillaries, tubes, structures and tanks. Clean Rooms ISO 5, ISO7 => From Prototype to Flight Model 3 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

4 Air Liquide for Small Satellites Cryogenics for earth observation platforms Monitoring in the InfraRed spectrum is of critical importance Air Liquide provides Pulse Tube Cryocoolers for CSO (military) and MTG/METOP- SG (weather) constellation of «large» satellites => Today: miniature Pulse Tube Cooler for Small Satellites Mass flow control for electric propulsion Field acceleration of Ionic gases (Xe, Kr) provides effective means of positioning large and small satellites => Today: miniature thermal valves for accurate gas mass flow control at high pressure 4 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

5 Pulse tube CryoCooler 101 a) Compression b) Regenerative Cooling PV Diagram of a Stirling Cooling Cycle c) Cooling d) Regenerative Heating Double Piston Stirling Coooler Pulse Tube Stilring Cooler 5 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

6 Miniature Pulse Tube Cooler for Micro Satellites Mass: Power Input: Dimensions: Cooling: Operating Time: 1.5 Kg for Electronics, 3.3 Kg for Compressor and Cold Finger Std: 20W Up to 50W Compressor 200xDia100mm, Cold Finger: 100xDia75mm 1-3W from 80K to 200K > 10Years 6 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

7 MPTC Thermal Performances 7 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

8 MPTC Vibrations Performances Active Compressor Electronic allows for micronewton level of vibration. 8 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

9 MPTC, Endurance Test Hrs record Full Test MPTC #5 from 2007 to /02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

10 Electric Propulsion 101 Concept of accelerating ionized particles to transfer momentum suggested by Robert Goddard 1905 NASA's 2.3 kw ion thruster (1998) Deep Space kg total weight 74 kilograms of Xenon 4.5km/s final velocity Principle of operation 10 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

11 Standard Electric Propulsion System 1 Pyrotechnic Valve Normally Closed. 1 Xenon Pressure Regulator XPR (200 - > 2Bar) 4 Xenon Flow Controllers 4 Thrusters 3 Fill and Drain Valves Complex Heavy Costly => Air Liquide Solution: Replace both XPR and XFCs by a single Ultra Miniature Thermal Valve /02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

12 Ultra Miniature Thermally regulated control valve Space qualified: Rosetta, ExoMars (MOMA) Pressure control 0-200Bar Mass-flow control mg/s High Tightness <10-8 scm/s Mass < 10g Dimensions 4mm DIA x 20mm Electric power < 2 W 12 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

13 Air Liquide miniature Electric Propulsion System No pressure regulator 4 UMTV for XFC High inlet pressure High leak tightness Thermally driven Simpler Lighter Cost saving 13 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

14 Flow calibration with High pressure inlet UMTV Vanne Capillaire Essais en xénon Débit (mg/s) essais 2 à 5 bar essais 11.5 bar essais 26 bar essais 52 bar essais bar essais 152 bar Palier 6 mg/s Palier 15 mg/s Palier 20 mg/s Température T3 ( C) Inlet pressure: bar Flow : 0-30mg/s Other sizes of valves: 1mg/s, 10mg/s 14 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

15 Electric Propulsion Accessory system components Ultra Light Titanium Tank 80 bar, 0.2L Under qualification for ExoMars Micro Magnetic On/Off Valve < 5g, < 5W Opening time < 100ms Tightness # mbar.l/s Under qualification Xenon Fill Cart Automated transfer Accurate loading mass Xenon purity control (O2 and H2O) 15 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

16 Gas lines design and manufacturing Adaptive design to accommodate satellite constraints FEA assess resonant frequencies, failure mode and yield strength Experience in material sourcing, assembly and welding Vibrations test benches for stress cycles 16 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

17 Fluidic Plates Planck: Full Helium 3/ Helium 4 dilution plate MOMA: Tanks, on/off valves, regulation valves, sealing valves Cold Gas Propulsion System. From Tanks to Thruster inlets Pressure regulators Mass flow regulators Temperature control P & T transducers Radiators Tanks Manifolds Electric valves Pyrotechnic valves Compressors, Circulators 17 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

18 Conclusions Today, Flight proven in cryogenics and gas control Pulse Tube Cooler, <5Kg, <25W, => Gas regulation, <10g, <2W => 0-200Bar, 0-20mg/s Tanks Integrated fluidic plates Tomorrow Extend the miniaturization of current and new technologies for the growing small satellite market 18 02/02/2016 Toronto SmallSat

19 Thanks for your attention Your industrial partner for Equipment and R&D for Small Satellites Contact me today