Project "Expertise Littoral" Update Land use and land use changes on costal band in French Guiana

Transcription

1 Project "Expertise Littoral" Update 2011 Land use and land use changes on costal band in French Guiana 01/02/ Présentation Expertise CODIR littoral

2 INTRODUCTION Coastal band = 8% of the territory -> 90% population -> Special ecological environments. Conflict of Interest -> Need a reference study. "Expertise Littoral" study of land use on the coastal territory in 2001, 2005 and

3 Menu Area of interest Method Land Use in 2011 Dynamic of land use Conclusion 3

4 Area of interest hectares North : littoral South : le DFP (Area where forestery law are applied) 4

5 Method Photo-interpretation et numerisation «Wall to Wall mapping» with : 2001 and 2005: Aerials images (BD Ortho IGN 50cm) 2008 and 2011: Satellite Images (SPOT 4 SPOT-5 20m and 10 m) with SEAS. Images SPOT (10m color and et 2.5m Panchromatic) Pan Sharpenning process to create 2,5m color degraded images build on ArcGis 5

6 Nomenclature Territoires artificialisés: 111_Tissu urbain continu 112_Tissu urbain discontinu 113_Bâti isolé 114_Habitat pluridisciplinaire Add 2 classes Artifical Area Adapted from «Corine Land Cover» (European program of land use Cover) made by IFEN(French Institute of environemnet). 121_Zone industrielle ou commerciale 122_Réseau routier et réseau de communication et espace associé 123_Zone portuaire 124_Aéroport 131_Extractions de materiaux 132 _Décharge 133_Chantier 14_Espace vert artificialisés non agricole Territoires agricole: 211_Terre arable hors périmètre d'irrigation 213_Rizière 222_Verger et petit fruit 231_Prairie 242_territoire principalement occupés par l'agriculture avec présence de végétation 243_ Système culturaux et parcellaires complexe Zones humides: 411_Marais intérieur et marécage boisé / pripris 412_Marécage ripicole 421_Marais maritime Surfaces d'eau: 511_ Cours et voie d'eau 512_Plan d'eau 513_Pisciculture ou autre bassin 6 classes instead of 11 Agricole territory Wetland Add 2 classes, Delete 3 Water surfaces 41 classes split in 5 mains classes of land use Forêts et milieux semi-naturels: 3151_Forêt sur cordons sableux 3152_Forêt de la plain cotière ancienne 3153_Forêt basse sur sable blanc 3154_ Forêt littorale sur rochers 3161_Forêt hautes humide sempervirente sur sol ferralitique des collines et plateaux 3162_Forêt basses humide sempervirente sur sol ferralitique des collines et plateaux 317_Forêt inondable ou marécageuse primaire 318_Mangrove Mains modifications 319_Plantation forestière 321_Savane sèche 322_Savane inondable ou inondée 323_Végétation basse ou arbustive ou fourré 331_Plage, dune et sable 332_Roche nue, savane roche 341_Forêt dégradé de terre ferme 342_Forêt inondable ou marécageuse dégradé Almost total change Forest and degraded ecological environment 343_Forêt et végétation arbustive en mutation (dégradation/ recolonisation) 6

7 Method Topology rules 3 ha area not selected Materials Extraction 4 ha selected Minimal polygon size : 5 ha High interest area : 2.5 ha 7

8 2011 land cover map 8

9 Land use changes ha lost between 2005 and > Coastal dynamic 9

10 Littoral dynamic To keep similar studies areas, we selected the common area in the 3 analysis -> Same area of interest 10

11 land use in in the study area 73% Forest 10% anthropic area (Artificial & Agricoles) 17% wetlands 11

12 land use dynamic We note that anthropogenic territories have the largest increases: Artificial areas: ha ~ ha Agricultural land: ha In contrast, there was a decrease for: Forests and semi-natural environments: ha 12

13 Artificial areas A detailed classification allows us to identify specific developments Between 2005 and 2011: Areas urbanized won 4,557 ha, or 18.05% increase Un exemple 13

14 multidisciplinary habitat Évolution d un «habitat pluridisciplinaire» entre 2005 et 2011 vers la route du Galion 14

15 multidisciplinary habitat Évolution d un «habitat pluridisciplinaire» entre 2005 et 2011 vers la route du Galion 15

16 multidisciplinary habitat Évolution d un «habitat pluridisciplinaire» entre 2005 et 2011 vers la route du Galion 16

17 Agricultural land A detailed classification allows us to identify different types of agriculture for example between 2005 and 2011: Heterogeneous agricultural areas gained 4,798 ha, or 75.06% increase. Prairie rose 2,133 ha, or 52.74% increase in surface. Permanent Cultures grew from 1463 ha, or 29.40% increase 17

18 Agricultural areas: Évolution d une «prairie» entre 2005 et 2011 vers le Carrefour de Mana 18

19 Agricultural areas: Évolution d une «prairie» entre 2005 et 2011 vers le Carrefour de Mana 19

20 Agricultural areas: Évolution d une «prairie» entre 2005 et 2011 vers le Carrefour de Mana 20

21 Evolution of Forests and semi-natural habitats Types d'occupations du sol (Niveau 2 & Niveau 3 ) Evolution Surface % Surface % Surface % Surface % 31 - Forêts % % % % 32 - Milieux à végétation arbustive % % % % 33 - Espaces ouverts, sans ou avec peu de végétation * % % % % 34 - Milieux naturels dégradés % % % % Total % % % % Forests have lost 7,500 ha, or 1.5% of the surface Mangroves, which are part of this post, they have increased by about 4000 ha Not counting mangroves (which increase is primarily related to the movement of the coastline), the Forestry class, has suffered a loss of about 11,500 ha 21

22 Poste 1 - Territoires artificialisés Ville St Laurent du Maroni Evolutions Awala-Yalimapo Mana Iracoubo Sinnamary Kourou Tonate-Macouria Montsinéry Matoury Variation moyenne GUYANE Cayenne Remire-Montjoly Roura Regina Ouanary St Georges d'oyapock Cumul 2 - Territoires agricoles 3 - Forêts et milieux semi-naturels Zones humides Surfaces en eau Moyenne - Territoires artificialisés Moyenne - Territoires agricoles Moyenne - Forêts et milieux semi-naturels Dynamics of land cover by municipality between 2005 & St Laurent du Maroni Awala-Yalimapo Mana Iracoubo Sinnamary Kourou Tonate-Macouria Montsinéry Matoury Cayenne Remire-Montjoly Roura Regina Ouanary St Georges d'oyapock Évolutions

23 Map of municipality 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 27

28 Additional studies for isolated area 28

29 d Ortho 2005 borderland 2011 d Ortho 29

30 Littoral land cover : Why? Knowledge and understanding of the land and its dynamics. Ecological value of natural environments. Reflections integrate in land use strategies planning Tools: Atlas Format A3 with map and stat GIS layers distribution (with convention) 30

31 Data? Initial Data & Protocol / Classes definition The end : Final Data 31

32 Data? Initial Data & Protocol The end : Initial Data Land cover MAP 32

33 Initial Data & Protocol The end : Initial Data Land cover MAP Geomorphological GIS Analysis (SRTM / SLOPE) maps of agricultural potential for biomass 33

34 Littoral land cover : Why the method? Stric protocol photointerpretation Scale / Classes definition / Minimun size of ROI / Reproducible process (update) Not link with the captor just the technology Many classes Linked with normalized nomenclature (CORINNE) Global and also high details analysis 1st take time / Update quicker (Just changes checks) 3Dimensions informations : Timescale/ Spatial / Level Classification details 34

35 thanks! 35