Approche NEXUS EAU-ALIMENTATION-ENERGIE

Transcription

1 Approche NEXUS EAU-ALIMENTATION-ENERGIE James Leten Coordinateur GTA-IEUE Brazzaville; 13 juin 2013

2 Groupe de Travail EAU- Initiative Eau de l Union Européenne intro Le Partenariat Stratégique Afrique-UE pour l Eau et l Assainissement, Lancé en 2002, lors du WSSD ; Jo bourg Au plus haut niveau politique, Pour une contribution conjointe (Afrique UE) Aux objectifs relatifs à l eau et l assainissement

3 Groupe de Travail EAU- Initiative Eau de l Union Européenne Fonctionnement Co-présidence par 1 état membre de UE et le/la présidente du AMCOW TAC Membres: EM de UE, CE, AMCOW et TAC, instituts de recherches, société civile, etc. 2-3 réunions par an (en Afrique et Europe) PLATFORME DE RENCONTRE AFRIQUE-UE

4 African States Africa-EU Partnership RWSSI, AWF, ACP/EU WF African Water Vision ethekwini Declaration African Union AMCOW Work Plan Tunis Declaration European Union EU Member States and institutions (EC, EIB, etc) Sharm el-sheikh Declaration

5 Un produits : Mise en carte des appuis financiers au organisation de bassins tranfrontaliers - Mise à jour de l étude GIZ de CONCLUSIONS - RECOMMENDATIONS

6 Programme de travail 2013 grandes lignes Contribution à la reflection Post-2015 et ODD Revision de la Stratégie Conjointe Afrique -UE (JAES) Identification d activités prioritaires pour le Partenariat Eau et une mise en oeuvre dans le JAES (2014- ) Renforcement des capacités Gestion et planification financière du secteur de l eau en Afrique (partenariat avec BAD, ICA, GWP, UNDP Cap-Net) Contribution à l éffectivité de l appui (E&Ass, G Transfrs, G Ress, )

7 Développement d activités futures Agenda africain AFRIQUE- EAU pour la Croissance socio-économique EUROPE- «Sécurité d accès à l Eau, à l Alimentation, à l Energie» -> NEXUS CE- construire sur des appuis existants Appui à SITWA-ANBO Appui JRC-Centres d Excéllences

8 Water Food Energy NEXUS approach Business as Usual Faces Limitation by Planetary Boundaries Water Energy Food mio without access to safe drinking water 2.5bn without access to modern 2of energy 1bn suffering from hunger Population Growth 2.5bn without access to sanitation 1.5bn without access to electricity Consumption patterns + 40% energy demand % food demand %-gap of water resources (between availability and demand) Economic growth Climate Change A radical transformation is needed (European Report on Development 2012)

9 Impact Water Food Energy NEXUS approach FOOD HEALTH Land Water Climate ENERGY INDUSTRY linkages use / consumption

10 Water Food Energy NEXUS approach Key Bottleneck: Water, Energy and Land Resources As part of the ecosystem, water, land and energy resources are interconnected. For example: land use change has major impact on the water cycle condition of the soils depends on water availability water flows are source of energy Energy Security Water supply, energy generation and food security depend on the same natural resources For example: 45 % of EU water withdrawals are used for energy generation Land and water resources are used for food and energy crops. land resources water resources Water Security energy resources Food Security Each sector depends on services from other sectors. For example: Food supply uses ca. 30% of the global energy consumption. Energy costs amount typically 20-40% of water supply O&M costs The Nexus perspective: considering strong interconnections of key resources

11 Water Food Energy NEXUS approach Water sector Water supply Sanitation and hygiene Wastewater Water resources Planning and Innovation Occurs Predominantly in Sector Silos Dams: flood prevention vs. energy generation more irrigation vs. water protection Energy sector Renewable energy Land use change leads to increased flood and drought risk Energy efficiency Water for electricity vs. water for irrigation Agriculture Agricultural production Post-harvest losses Access to market Land resources Water constraints for energy generation Access to energy Improved agriculture value chains vs. energy demand management Insufficient energy for drinking water and waste water land and water for energy vs. food crops

12 Une perspective NEXUS à tous les niveaux Global Interdépendances globales: impact des politiques nationales sur les autres régions. Ex. La politique traitants des biocarburants de l UE sur la sécurité alimentaire en Afrique. Régional L amélioration de la coordination entre pays et secteurs pour la planification énergetique, agricole, approvisionenement en eau. Ex Coordination entre OdB et Pool Energétique en Afrique National Plannification cohérente: Ex. Consultations et prise de décisions intersectoriels pour balancer et gérer les priorités. Local Mise en oeuvre de solutions innovantes à grande échelle; Ex. Exploitation de l énergie solaire

13 Merci

14 Next steps JAES: influence new strategy Brainstorming sessions between AUC EU inpreparation of Africa-EU Summit 2014 Preparation of new activities in support of the Africa Water Agenda: «Water for Growth» through a Water-Food-Energy Nexus approach

15 Identified priorities - WSS continued provision of basic services (objective of full coverage in 2030) slow progress with sanitation, especially in rural communities without exception, wastewater as a future priority with action needed to improve wastewater treatment, encourage recycling and reduce pollution.

16 Identified priorities WW Q Managing water quality is linked to pollution control monitoring systems enforcement of controls over polluting discharges (mainly wastewater

17 Conclusions -> Economic, social and environmental risks from water related events have to be identified and managed as a priority -> «need for investing in appropriate infrastructure and in improving water management The consultations proposed a range of national goals Many country consultations highlighted the need for water security achieving improved water resources management using an integrated approach achieving safe and reliable drinking water supplies and sanitation for all managing risk