INTERNATIONAL MARITIME PILOTS ASSOCIATION GUIDANCE FOR NAVAL ARCHITECTS AND SHIPYARDS ON THE PROVISION OF PILOT BOARDING ARRANGEMENTS

Transcription

1 INTERNATIONAL MARITIME PILOTS ASSOCIATION GUIDANCE FOR NAVAL ARCHITECTS AND SHIPYARDS ON THE PROVISION OF PILOT BOARDING ARRANGEMENTS R E V I S E D E D I T I O N

2 This booklet has been prepared as a result of numerous enquiries from naval architects and shipyards as to the sources of standards for pilot ladder design and the corresponding ship-borne fittings for rigging. During 2006 eight (8) pilots died in accidents connected to boarding vessels. IMPA is the professional technical body representing more than 8,000 pilots in over 50 countries, at IMO. General The principal documents relating to the specification and rigging of pilots ladders are: SOLAS Chapter V: Safety of Navigation Regulation 23, Pilot Transfer Arrangements. In general, this regulation deals with the ship borne side of matters and attendance on the Pilot by the crew. See Annex I (in English, French and Spanish). IMO Resolution A1045 (27). This is reprinted in full at Annex II(in English, French and Spanish). Broadly speaking this deals with the general dimensional issues. The role of IMPA IMPA is willing to offer advice and assistance in connection with issues such unique vessel types (stealth craft for instance) but has no power (or indeed wish) to vary IMO standards. Please contact the IMPA office at: International Maritime Pilots Association HQS Wellington Temple Stairs Victoria Embankment London WC2R 2PN United Kingdom ISO 799: Ships and Marine Technology Pilot Ladders. This document amplifies the earlier IMO Resolution A889 by giving engineering specifications for the construction of ladders. It is not possible to reproduce this document for copyright reasons. It will be of interest mainly to ladder manufacturers. Telephone: +(44) Facsimile: +(44) Secretary General: Mr. Nick Cutmore secgen@impahq.org MSC Circular MSC.1/Circ.1428 introduced the IMO Ladder Poster Required Boarding Arrangements for Pilot : The poster is reproduced at the back cover of this booklet and the text of circular MSC.1/Circ.1428 is attached at Annex III (in English, French and Spanish). This booklet does not address the subject of Accommodation Ladders, although they are often used in combination with Pilot Ladders. 2

3 Some Common Problems 1. A Pilot Ladder has to lay against the side of the ship (SOLAS Chapter 5, Regulation 23, ) Photo : NLC A brand new ship (2012) unable to offer a SOLAS compliant boarding arrangement (the ladder does not lay against the hull) Pilots can decline to board such arrangements and in a compulsory Pilotage area this results in a cancelled visit and huge on-costs, as well as possible detention for non-compliance. On occasions when bulk carriers in ballast with a tapering hull section have presented themselves at Boarding ground s, Pilots have insisted on ballasting to ensure the ladder rests against the side and this process can take up to 4 hours. 3

4 2. A Pilot Ladder must be rigged within the parallel body length of the ship and, as far as is practicable, within the midship half length of the ship. There is a trend in recently built ships to place the pilot ladder aft on the quarter See picture below. This creates a dangerous situation for pilot boats for the following reasons: When the pilot boat must operate in the low pressure area of a ship s quarter, it is sucked in for hard landings. Once alongside, it is difficult to separate from the ship after pilot transfer. Operating the pilot boat near a ship s quarter exposes the boat to being drawn under the counter. When boarding ships at sea, the pilot boat will surge fore and aft as it works a ladder in the ocean swell. When the ladder is rigged aft, the boat does not have a length of flat ship side to work against and is exposed to the suction at the quarter and the hazards of the counter. Pilot boats have been placed in extremis on occasions when a ship s master, in haste to depart, has put his rudder over and increased speed after the pilot has transferred but before the boat has cleared away. With the ladder too far aft, the pilot boat has been pinned alongside as the ship turns away from the lee and accelerates. Hazards at the quarter increase as weather worsens. Rigging the pilot ladder at the mid-length of the ship would eliminate all the dangerous conditions listed above. 3. Stowage of ladders is an important issue as it bears upon the life expectancy of the ladder, but also impacts on manpower issues if the rigging arrangements are labour intensive. 4. When the ladder is used in combination with an accommodation ladder it is desirable that the accommodation ladder has a proper lashing point for use to secure it to the vessel s hull. Simply using a stanchion, which could be hinged or fit in a socket, is not ideal. Photo : AK 4

5 Annex I Material from the IMO publication SOLAS (Consolidated Edition, 2004), is used by permission of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). SOLAS Safety of Navigation Regulation 23 Pilot transfer arrangements 10 The existing text of regulation 23 is replaced by the following: 1 Application 1.1 Ships engaged on voyages in the course of which pilots may be employed shall be provided with pilot transfer arrangements. 1.2 Equipment and arrangements for pilot transfer which are installed 1 on or after 1 July 2012 shall comply with the requirements of this regulation, and due regard shall be paid to the standards adopted by the Organization Except as provided otherwise, equipment and arrangements for pilot transfer which are provided on ships before 1 July 2012 shall at least comply with the requirements of regulation 17 3 or 23, as applicable, of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in force prior to that date, and due regard shall be paid to the standards adopted by the Organization prior to that date. 1.4 Equipment and arrangements installed on or after 1 July 2012, which are a replacement of equipment and arrangements provided on ships before 1 July 2012, shall, in so far as is reasonable and practicable, comply with the requirements of this regulation. 1.5 With respect to ships constructed before 1 January 1994, paragraph 5 shall apply not later than the first survey 4 on or after 1 July Paragraph 6 applies to all ships. 2 General 2.1 All arrangements used for pilot transfer shall efficiently fulfil their purpose of enabling pilots to embark and disembark safely. The appliances shall be kept clean, properly maintained and stowed and shall be regularly inspected to ensure that they are safe to use. They shall be used solely for the embarkation and disembarkation of personnel. 2.2 The rigging of the pilot transfer arrangements and the embarkation of a pilot shall be supervised by a responsible officer having means of communication with the navigation bridge and who shall also arrange for the escort of the pilot by a safe route to and from the navigation bridge. Personnel engaged in rigging and operating any mechanical equipment shall be instructed in the safe procedures to be adopted and the equipment shall be tested prior to use. 2.3 A pilot ladder shall be certified by the manufacturer as complying with this regulation or with an international standard acceptable to the Organization 5. Ladders shall be inspected in accordance with regulations 1/6, 7 and 8. 1 Refer to the Unified interpretation of SOLAS regulation V/23 (MSC.1/Circ.1375). 2 Refer to the Assembly resolution on Pilot transfer arrangements, to be adopted by the Organization. 3 Refer to resolution MSC.99(73), renumbering previous regulation 17 as regulation 23, which entered into force on 1 July Refer to the Unified interpretation of the term "first survey" referred to in SOLAS regulations (MSC.1/Circ.1290). 5 Refer to the recommendations by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular publication ISO 799:2004, Ships and marine technology Pilot ladders. 5

6 2.4 All pilot ladders used for pilot transfer shall be clearly identified with tags or other permanent marking so as to enable identification of each appliance for the purposes of survey, inspection and record keeping. A record shall be kept on the ship as to the date the identified ladder is placed into service and any repairs effected. 2.5 Reference in this regulation to an accommodation ladder includes a sloping ladder used as part of the pilot transfer arrangements. 3 Transfer arrangements 3.1 Arrangements shall be provided to enable the pilot to embark and disembark safely on either side of the ship. 3.2 In all ships, where the distance from sea level to the point of access to, or egress from, the ship exceeds 9 m, and when it is intended to embark and disembark pilots by means of the accommodation ladder 6, or other equally safe and convenient means in conjunction with a pilot ladder, the ship shall carry such equipment on each side, unless the equipment is capable of being transferred for use on either side. 3.3 Safe and convenient access to, and egress from, the ship shall be provided by either:.1 a pilot ladder requiring a climb of not less than 1.5 m and not more than 9 m above the surface of the water so positioned and secured that:.1 it is clear of any possible discharges from the ship;.2 it is within the parallel body length of the ship and, as far as is practicable, within the mid-ship half length of the ship;.3 each step rests firmly against the ship s side; where constructional features, such as rubbing bands, would prevent the implementation of this provision, special arrangements shall, to the satisfaction of the Administration, be made to ensure that persons are able to embark and disembark safely;.4 the single length of pilot ladder is capable of reaching the water from the point of access to, or egress from, the ship and due allowance is made for all conditions of loading and trim of the ship, and for an adverse list of 15 ; the securing strong point, shackles and securing ropes shall be at least as strong as the side ropes; or.2 an accommodation ladder in conjunction with the pilot ladder (i.e. a combination arrangement), or other equally safe and convenient means, whenever the distance from the surface of the water to the point of access to the ship is more than 9 m. The accommodation ladder shall be sited leading aft. When in use, means shall be provided to secure the lower platform of the accommodation ladder to the ship s side, so as to ensure that the lower end of the accommodation ladder and the lower platform are held firmly against the ship s side within the parallel body length of the ship and, as far as is practicable, within the mid-ship half length and clear of all discharges..1 when a combination arrangement is used for pilot access, means shall be provided to secure the pilot ladder and manropes to the ship s side at a point of nominally 1.5 m above the bottom platform of the accommodation ladder. In the case of a combination arrangement using an accommodation ladder with a trapdoor in the bottom platform (i.e. embarkation platform), the pilot ladder and man ropes shall be rigged through the trapdoor extending above the platform to the height of the handrail. 6 Refer to regulation II-1/3-9 on Means of embarkation on and disembarkation from ships, adopted by resolution MSC.256(84), together with the associated Guidelines (MSC.1/Circ.1331). 6

7 4 Access to the ship s deck Means shall be provided to ensure safe, convenient and unobstructed passage for any person embarking on, or disembarking from, the ship between the head of the pilot ladder, or of any accommodation ladder or other appliance, and the ship s deck. Where such passage is by means of:.1 a gateway in the rails or bulwark, adequate handholds shall be provided;.2 a bulwark ladder, two handhold stanchions rigidly secured to the ship s structure at or near their bases and at higher points shall be fitted. The bulwark ladder shall be securely attached to the ship to prevent overturning. 5 Shipside doors Shipside doors used for pilot transfer shall not open outwards. 6 Mechanical pilot hoists Mechanical pilot hoists shall not be used. 7 Associated equipment 7.1 The following associated equipment shall be kept at hand ready for immediate use when persons are being transferred:.1 two man-ropes of not less than 28 mm and not more than 32 mm in diameter properly secured to the ship if required by the pilot; man-ropes shall be fixed at the rope end to the ring plate fixed on deck and shall be ready for use when the pilot disembarks, or upon request from a pilot approaching to board (the manropes shall reach the height of the stanchions or bulwarks at the point of access to the deck before terminating at the ring plate on deck);.2 a lifebuoy equipped with a self-igniting light;.3 a heaving line. 7.2 When required by paragraph 4 above, stanchions and bulwark ladders shall be provided. 8 Lighting Adequate lighting shall be provided to illuminate the transfer arrangements overside and the position on deck where a person embarks or disembarks. 7

8 Règle 23 Dispositifs de transfert du pilote 10 Remplacer le texte de la règle 23 par ce qui suit : 1 Application 1.1 Les navires qui effectuent des voyages au cours desquels ils peuvent avoir à employer des pilotes doivent être dotés de dispositifs de transfert du pilote. 1.2 Le matériel et les dispositifs de transfert du pilote installés 1 le 1er juillet 2012 ou après cette date doivent satisfaire aux prescriptions de la présente règle et il doit être dûment tenu compte des normes adoptées par l'organisation Sauf disposition contraire, le matériel et les dispositifs de transfert du pilote installés à bord des navires avant le 1er juillet 2012 doivent au moins satisfaire aux prescriptions de la règle 17 3 ou 23, selon le cas, de la Convention internationale de 1974 pour la sauvegarde de la vie humaine en mer qui étaient applicables avant cette date et il doit être dûment tenu compte des normes adoptées par l'organisation avant cette date. 1.4 Le matériel et les dispositifs qui sont installés le 1er juillet 2012 ou après cette date en remplacement de matériel et de dispositifs installés à bord des navires avant le 1er juillet 2012 doivent satisfaire aux prescriptions de la présente règle dans la mesure où cela est raisonnable et possible dans la pratique. 1.5 Dans le cas des navires construits avant le 1er janvier 1994, le paragraphe 5 s'applique au plus tard à la date de la première visite 4 prévue le 1er juillet 2012 ou après cette date. 1.6 Le paragraphe 6 s'applique à tous les navires. 2 Généralités 2.1 Tous les dispositifs utilisés pour le transfert du pilote doivent remplir efficacement leur rôle, qui est de permettre au pilote d'embarquer et de débarquer en toute sécurité. Ces dispositifs doivent être tenus propres, être convenablement entretenus et arrimés et être contrôlés régulièrement de façon à pouvoir être utilisés en toute sécurité. Ils ne doivent être utilisés que pour l'embarquement ou le débarquement du personnel. 2.2 La mise en place des dispositifs de transfert du pilote et l'embarquement du pilote doivent être surveillés par un officier responsable disposant de moyens de communication avec la passerelle de navigation, lequel doit aussi faire en sorte que le pilote soit escorté le long d'un parcours sûr pour aller à la passerelle de navigation et en revenir. Le personnel qui s'occupe de la mise en place et de l'utilisation d'un dispositif mécanique doit être mis au courant des consignes de sécurité à suivre et le matériel doit être mis à l'essai avant d'être utilisé. 2.3 La conformité de l'échelle de pilote à la présente règle ou à une norme internationale jugée acceptable par l'organisation 5 doit être certifiée par le fabricant. Les échelles doivent être inspectées conformément aux dispositions des règles I/6, I/7 et I/8. 1 Se reporter à l'interprétation uniforme de la règle V/23 de la Convention SOLAS (circulaire MSC.1/Circ.1375). 2 Se reporter à la résolution de l'assemblée sur les dispositifs de transfert du pilote, qui doit être adoptée par l'organisation. 3 Se reporter à la résolution MSC.99(73), par laquelle la règle 17 est renumérotée règle 23, qui est entrée en vigueur le 1er juillet Se reporter à l'"interprétation uniforme de l'expression "première visite" mentionnée dans les règles de la Convention SOLAS" (circulaire MSC.1/Circ.1290). 5 Se reporter aux recommandations de l'organisation internationale de normalisation, en particulier la publication ISO 799:2004, Navires et technologie maritime Échelles de pilote. 8

9 2.4 Toutes les échelles de pilote utilisées pour le transfert du pilote doivent être clairement identifiées comme telles à l'aide d'une étiquette ou d'une autre marque permanente afin que chacune d'elles puisse être identifiée dans le contexte des visites, de l'inspection et de la tenue des registres. Les dates auxquelles une échelle donnée a été mise en service et a fait l'objet d'une quelconque réparation doivent être consignées dans un registre conservé à bord du navire. 2.5 L'échelle de coupée à laquelle il est fait référence dans la présente règle peut être une échelle inclinée si elle fait partie des dispositifs de transfert du pilote. 3 Dispositifs de transfert 3.1 Des dispositifs doivent être prévus pour que le pilote puisse embarquer et débarquer en toute sécurité de chaque bord du navire. 3.2 Lorsque, à bord d'un navire, le point d'entrée ou de sortie se trouve à une hauteur de plus de 9 m du niveau de la mer et qu'il est prévu d'embarquer et de débarquer les pilotes en utilisant une échelle de coupée 6 ou tout autre moyen également sûr et commode conjointement avec une échelle de pilote, le navire doit être équipé de ce matériel de chaque bord, à moins que le matériel en question puisse être déplacé pour être transféré d'un bord à l'autre du navire. 3.3 Il doit être possible d'accéder au navire et d'en débarquer de manière sûre et commode par :.1 une échelle de pilote, sans monter moins de 1,5 m ni plus de 9 m au-dessus de la surface de l'eau, cette échelle devant être installée et assujettie de manière :.1 qu'elle ne risque pas de recevoir d'éventuels rejets provenant du navire;.2 qu'elle soit située sur la partie rectiligne du navire et, si possible, entre le quart avant et le quart arrière;.3 que chaque échelon soit solidement appuyé contre le bordé du navire; si des caractéristiques de construction, telles que des bandes de ragage, empêchent l'application de la présente disposition, des mesures spéciales doivent être prises, à la satisfaction de l'administration, pour que les personnes puissent embarquer et débarquer en toute sécurité;.4 qu'elle puisse, tout en étant d'une seule pièce, atteindre l'eau depuis l'accès au navire ou le point de sortie et qu'il soit dûment tenu compte de toutes les conditions de chargement et d'assiette du navire ainsi que d'une contre-gîte de 15, le point d'assujettissement, les manilles et les cordages de fixation doivent être au moins aussi résistants que les cordages latéraux; ou.2 une échelle de coupée conjointement avec l'échelle de pilote (autrement dit un dispositif combiné) ou un autre dispositif présentant des conditions de sécurité et de commodité équivalentes, lorsque la distance entre le niveau de la mer et le point d'accès au navire est supérieure à 9 m. L'échelle de coupée doit être disposée en direction de l'arrière. Lorsqu'elle est utilisée, il doit y avoir un moyen permettant d'assujettir le plateau inférieur de l'échelle de coupée d'une manière telle que l'extrémité et le plateau inférieurs de l'échelle restent bien contre la partie rectiligne du bordé et, dans la mesure du possible, entre le quart avant et le quart arrière du navire et à l'écart de tout rejet. 6 Se reporter à la règle II-1/3-9 relative aux Moyens d'embarquement et de débarquement adoptée par la résolution MSC.256(84), ainsi qu'aux Directives connexes (circulaire MSC.1/Circ.1331). 9

10 4 Accès au pont du navire.1 Si un dispositif combiné est utilisé pour embarquer de pilote, il doit y avoir un moyen permettant d'assujettir l'échelle de pilote et les tire-veilles au bordé du navire à une distance nominale de 1,5 m au-dessus de la plate-forme inférieure de l'échelle de coupée. Dans le cas d'un dispositif combiné qui comprend une échelle de coupée ayant une trappe dans sa plate-forme inférieure (c'est-à-dire la plate-forme d'embarquement), l'échelle de pilote et les tire-veilles doivent passer dans la trappe et se prolonger, au-dessus de la plate-forme, jusqu'à la hauteur de la main courante. Des dispositifs doivent être prévus pour permettre à toute personne embarquant ou débarquant de passer de manière sûre et commode et sans entrave du sommet de l'échelle de pilote, ou de toute échelle de coupée ou autre dispositif, au pont du navire : 5 Portes latérales.1 lorsqu'on utilise à cet effet une ouverture dans les lisses ou le pavois, il doit être prévu des poignées appropriées;.2 lorsque ce passage s'effectue au moyen d'une échelle de pavois, deux batayoles fixées de manière rigide à la structure du navire, à leur base ou non loin de celle-ci, ainsi qu'à des points situés plus haut, doivent être installées. L'échelle de pavois doit être solidement fixée au navire pour ne pas risquer de se retourner. Les portes latérales utilisées pour le transfert du pilote ne doivent pas s'ouvrir vers l'extérieur. 6 Appareils de hissage du pilote Il est interdit d'utiliser des appareils de hissage du pilote. 7 Accessoires 7.1 Les accessoires ci-après doivent toujours être prêts à être utilisés immédiatement lors d'un transfert de personnes :.1 deux tire-veilles d'un diamètre d'au moins 28 mm mais de 32 mm au plus, bien assujettis au navire, si le pilote le demande; ces tire-veilles doivent être attachés par leur extrémité à l'anneau fixé sur le pont et doivent être prêts à être utilisés quand le pilote débarque ou à la demande d'un pilote qui s'apprête à embarquer (les tire-veilles doivent se prolonger jusqu'à la hauteur deschandeliers ou du pavois au niveau de l'accès au pont avant leur fixation à l'anneau sur le pont);.2 une bouée de sauvetage munie d'un feu à allumage automatique;.3 un halin. 7.2 Dans le cas spécifié au paragraphe 4 ci-dessus, les navires doivent être munis de batayoles et d'échelles de pavois. 8 Éclairage Un éclairage adéquat doit être prévu pour éclairer les dispositifs de transfert du pilote sur le bordé et l'endroit du pont où se font l'embarquement et le débarquement.". 10

11 Regla 23 Medios para el transbordo de prácticos 10 El texto actual de la regla 23 se sustituye por el siguiente: "1 ÁMBITO DE APLICACIÓN 1.1 Los buques que realicen viajes en el curso de los cuales exista la posibilidad de que haya que tomar prácticos irán provistos de medios para efectuar el transbordo de éstos. 1.2 El equipo y los medios para el transbordo de prácticos instalados 1 el 1 de julio de 2012, o posteriormente, cumplirán las prescripciones de la presente regla, y en ellos se tendrán debidamente en cuenta las normas adoptadas por la Organización Salvo que se disponga lo contrario, el equipo y los medios para el transbordo de prácticos instalados en los buques antes del 1 de julio de 2012 cumplirán al menos las prescripciones de las reglas 17 3 o 23, según proceda, del Convenio internacional para la seguridad de la vida humana en el mar, 1974, que estuviera en vigor antes de esa fecha, y en ellos se tendrán debidamente en cuenta las normas adoptadas por la Organización antes de dicha fecha. 1.4 El equipo y los medios que se instalen el 1 de julio de 2012, o posteriormente, y sustituyan al equipo y medios instalados en los buques antes del 1 de julio de 2012 cumplirán, siempre que sea razonable y factible, las prescripciones de la presente regla. 1.5 Por lo que respecta a los buques construidos antes del 1 de enero de 1994, el párrafo 5 se aplicará a más tardar en la fecha del primer reconocimiento 4 efectuado a partir del 1 de julio de El párrafo 6 es aplicable a todos los buques. 2 GENERALIDADES 2.1 Todos los medios destinados a facilitar el transbordo de prácticos estarán concebidos de modo que éstos puedan embarcar y desembarcar con seguridad. Los dispositivos se conservarán limpios y correctamente estibados, siendo objeto del adecuado mantenimiento y de inspecciones regulares a fin de garantizar su seguridad. Los dispositivos se utilizarán exclusivamente para el embarco y desembarco de personal. 2.2 La colocación de los medios para el transbordo de prácticos y la maniobra de embarco estarán supervisadas por un oficial del buque que disponga de medios de comunicación con el puente, el cual dispondrá también lo necesario para que se acompañe al práctico hasta el puente de navegación, y desde éste, por un camino seguro. El personal que intervenga en la colocación y maniobra de cualquier equipo mecánico habrá sido adiestrado y deberá conocer las medidas de seguridad que quepa adoptar. El equipo será sometido a prueba antes de su utilización. 2.3 El fabricante certificará que la escala de práctico cumple la presente regla o una norma internacional aceptable para la Organización 5. Las escalas se inspeccionarán de conformidad con lo dispuesto en las reglas 6, 7 y 8 del capítulo I. 1 Véase la Interpretación unificada de la regla V/23 del Convenio SOLAS (circular MSC.1/Circ.1375). 2 Véase la resolución de la Asamblea sobre los Medios para el transbordo de prácticos, que adoptará la Organización. 3 Véase la resolución MSC.99(73), en la que la anterior regla 17 pasó a ser la regla 23, que entró en vigor el 1 de julio de Véase la Interpretación unificada de la expresión "primer reconocimiento" utilizada en reglas del Convenio SOLAS (circular MSC.1/Circ.1290). 5 Véanse las recomendaciones de la Organización Internacional de Normalización, en particular la publicación ISO 799:2004, Ships and marine technology Pilot ladders. 11

12 2.4 Todas las escalas de práctico que se utilicen para el transbordo de prácticos se señalarán claramente con marbetes u otro marcado permanente de modo que cada dispositivo pueda identificarse a efectos de reconocimiento, inspección y mantenimiento de registros. Se conservará un registro en el buque sobre la fecha en la que se ponga en servicio la escala identificada y se efectúe cualquier reparación. 2.5 Toda referencia en la presente regla a las escalas reales incluye las escalas inclinadas utilizadas como parte de los medios para el transbordo de prácticos. 3 MEDIOS PARA EL TRANSBORDO 3.1 Se dispondrán los medios necesarios para que el práctico pueda embarcar y desembarcar con seguridad por ambas bandas del buque. 3.2 En todos los buques en los que la distancia desde el nivel del mar hasta el punto de acceso, o de salida, sea superior a 9 metros, y cuando se tenga el propósito de que los prácticos embarquen y desembarquen con la ayuda de una escala real, 6 u otro medio igualmente seguro y cómodo en combinación con una escala de práctico, se deberá llevar tal equipo en ambas bandas, a menos que éste pueda ser trasladado de una banda a la otra. 3.3 Se habilitarán medios seguros y cómodos de acceso al buque y de salida de éste, consistentes en:.1 una escala de práctico cuando no sea necesario trepar menos de 1,5 metros ni más de 9 metros desde la superficie del agua, colocada y fijada de modo que:.1 quede a resguardo de cualquier posible descarga del buque;.2 quede situada en la parte del buque en que los costados son paralelos y, en la medida de lo posible, dentro de la mitad central del buque;.3 cada peldaño esté asentado firmemente contra el costado del buque; cuando haya elementos estructurales del buque, tales como cintones, que impidan el cumplimiento de esta disposición, se habilitarán los medios necesarios para garantizar de manera satisfactoria a juicio de la Administración el embarco y desembarco de las personas en condiciones de seguridad;.4 la escala, de un solo tramo, baste para alcanzar el agua desde el lugar de acceso al buque, o de salida de éste, y se tomen las medidas necesarias para que esta condición se cumpla en cualquier estado de carga y asiento del buque y con una escora a la banda contraria de 15º; los puntos de sujeción reforzados, los grilletes y los cabos de sujeción serán al menos tan resistentes como los cabos laterales; o.2 una escala real en combinación con la escala de práctico (es decir, un medio combinado), u otro medio igualmente seguro y cómodo, siempre que la distancia desde el nivel del mar hasta el punto de acceso al buque sea superior a 9 metros. La escala real se emplazará orientada hacia popa. Cuando se utilice, se proveerán medios para sujetar la plataforma inferior de la escala real al costado del buque para garantizar que el extremo inferior de la escala real y la plataforma inferior estén firmemente unidos al costado en la parte del buque en que los costados son paralelos y, en la medida de lo posible, dentro de la mitad central y alejados de toda descarga; 6 Véase la regla II-1/3-9 del Convenio SOLAS (Medios de embarco y desembarco de los buques), adoptada mediante la resolución MSC.256(84), junto con las Directrices conexas (MSC.1/Circ.1331). 12

13 4 ACCESO A LA CUBIERTA DEL BUQUE.1 cuando se utilice un medio combinado para el acceso del práctico, se proveerán medios para sujetar la escala de práctico y los guardamancebos al costado del buque en un punto situado nominalmente 1,5 metros por encima de la plataforma inferior de la escala real. En el caso de que un medio combinado utilice una escala real con un escotillón de acceso en la plataforma inferior (es decir, plataforma de embarco), la escala de práctico y los guardamancebos se colocarán a través del escotillón de acceso de manera que sobresalgan de la plataforma hasta la altura del pasamanos. Se dispondrán los medios necesarios para garantizar el paso seguro, cómodo y expedito de toda persona que embarque o desembarque, entre la parte alta de la escala de práctico, la escala real u otro medio, y la cubierta del buque. Cuando tal paso se efectúe a través de:.1 una porta abierta en la barandilla o amurada, se colocarán asideros adecuados;.2 una escala de amurada, se colocarán dos candeleros bien fijos a la estructura del buque por la base o por un punto próximo a ésta, y por otros puntos más altos. La escala de amurada se afirmará al buque de modo seguro para impedir que se revire. 5 PORTAS DEL COSTADO DEL BUQUE Las portas del costado del buque utilizadas para el transbordo de prácticos no abrirán hacia afuera. 6 ELEVADOR MECÁNICO DE PRÁCTICO No se utilizarán elevadores mecánicos de práctico. 7 EQUIPO CONEXO 7.1 Se tendrá a mano y listo para su utilización inmediata para el transbordo de personas el siguiente equipo conexo:.1 dos guardamancebos firmemente sujetos al buque, si lo pide el práctico, de diámetro no inferior a 28 mm y no superior a 32 mm; los guardamancebos estarán atados por el extremo del cabo a la placa con anilla sujeta a la cubierta y estarán disponibles para su uso cuando desembarque el práctico o cuando lo solicite un práctico que se esté aproximando al buque (los guardamancebos llegarán a la altura de los candeleros o las amuradas en el punto de acceso a la cubierta antes de terminar en la placa con anilla de la cubierta);.2 un aro salvavidas con una luz de encendido automático; y.3 una guía. 7.2 Cuando lo exija el párrafo 4 anterior, se colocarán candeleros y escalas de amurada. 8 ALUMBRADO Habrá alumbrado para iluminar adecuadamente los medios de transbordo en el costado y la parte de la cubierta por donde embarquen o desembarquen las personas." 13

14 Ladders offered to Pilots within the last 2 years 14

15 Annex II

16 A 27/Res.1045 Page 2 Annex RECOMMENDATION ON PILOT TRANSFER ARRANGEMENTS 1 GENERAL Ship designers are encouraged to consider all aspects of pilot transfer arrangements at an early stage in design. Equipment designers and manufacturers are similarly encouraged, particularly with respect to the provisions of paragraphs 2.1.2, 3.1 and PILOT LADDERS A pilot ladder should be certified by the manufacturer as complying with this section or with the requirements of an international standard acceptable to the Organization Position and construction The securing strong points, shackles and securing ropes should be at least as strong as the side ropes specified in section 2.2 below The steps of the pilot ladders should comply with the following requirements:.1 if made of hardwood, they should be made in one piece, free of knots;.2 if made of material other than hardwood, they should be of equivalent strength, stiffness and durability to the satisfaction of the Administration;.3 the four lowest steps may be of rubber of sufficient strength and stiffness or other material to the satisfaction of the Administration;.4 they should have an efficient non-slip surface;.5 they should be not less than 400 mm between the side ropes, 115 mm wide and 25 mm in depth, excluding any non-slip device or grooving;.6 they should be equally spaced not less than 310 mm or more than 350 mm apart; and.7 they should be secured in such a manner that each will remain horizontal No pilot ladder should have more than two replacement steps which are secured in position by a method different from that used in the original construction of the ladder, and any steps so secured should be replaced as soon as reasonably practicable by steps secured in position by the method used in the original construction of the pilot ladder. When any replacement step is secured to the side ropes of the pilot ladder by means of grooves in the sides of the step, such grooves should be in the longer sides of the step. 1 Refer to the recommendations by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular publication ISO 799:2004, Ships and marine technology Pilot ladders. I:\ASSEMBLY\27\RES\1045.doc 16

17 A 27/Res.1045 Page Pilot ladders with more than five steps should have spreader steps not less than 1.8 m long provided at such intervals as will prevent the pilot ladder from twisting. The lowest spreader step should be the fifth step from the bottom of the ladder and the interval between any spreader step and the next should not exceed nine steps When a retrieval line is considered necessary to ensure the safe rigging of a pilot ladder, the line should be fastened at or above the last spreader step and should lead forward. The retrieval line should not hinder the pilot nor obstruct the safe approach of the pilot boat A permanent marking should be provided at regular intervals (e.g. 1 m) throughout the length of the ladder consistent with ladder design, use and maintenance in order to facilitate the rigging of the ladder to the required height. 2.2 Ropes The side ropes of the pilot ladder should consist of two uncovered ropes not less than 18 mm in diameter on each side and should be continuous, with no joints and have a breaking strength of at least 24 Kilo Newtons per side rope. The two side ropes should each consist of one continuous length of rope, the midpoint half-length being located on a thimble large enough to accommodate at least two passes of side rope Side ropes should be made of manila or other material of equivalent strength, durability, elongation characteristics and grip which has been protected against actinic degradation and is satisfactory to the Administration Each pair of side ropes should be secured together both above and below each step with a mechanical clamping device properly designed for this purpose, or seizing method with step fixtures (chocks or widgets), which holds each step level when the ladder is hanging freely. The preferred method is seizing. 2 3 ACCOMMODATION LADDERS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH PILOT LADDERS 3.1 Arrangements which may be more suitable for special types of ships may be accepted, provided that they are equally safe. 3.2 The length of the accommodation ladder should be sufficient to ensure that its angle of slope does not exceed 45. In ships with large draft ranges, several pilot ladder hanging positions may be provided, resulting in lesser angles of slope. The accommodation ladder should be at least 600 mm in width. 3.3 The lower platform of the accommodation ladder should be in a horizontal position and secured to the ship's side when in use. The lower platform should be a minimum of 5 m above sea level. 3.4 Intermediate platforms, if fitted, should be self-levelling. Treads and steps of the accommodation ladder should be so designed that an adequate and safe foothold is given at the operative angles. Refer to the recommendations by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular publication ISO 799:2004, Ships and marine technology Pilot ladders, part 4.3a and part 3, paragraph I:\ASSEMBLY\27\RES\1045.doc 17

18 A 27/Res.1045 Page The ladder and platform should be equipped on both sides with stanchions and rigid handrails, but if handropes are used they should be tight and properly secured. The vertical space between the handrail or handrope and the stringers of the ladder should be securely fenced. 3.6 The pilot ladder should be rigged immediately adjacent to the lower platform of the accommodation ladder and the upper end should extend at least 2 m above the lower platform. The horizontal distance between the pilot ladder and the lower platform should be between 0.1 and 0.2 m. 3.7 If a trapdoor is fitted in the lower platform to allow access from and to the pilot ladder, the aperture should not be less than 750 mm x 750 mm. The trapdoor should open upwards and be secured either flat on the embarkation platform or against the rails at the aft end or outboard side of the platform and should not form part of the handholds. In this case the after part of the lower platform should also be fenced as specified in paragraph 3.5 above, and the pilot ladder should extend above the lower platform to the height of the handrail and remain in alignment with and against the ship's side. 3.8 Accommodation ladders, together with any suspension arrangements or attachments fitted and intended for use in accordance with this recommendation, should be to the satisfaction of the Administration 3. 4 MECHANICAL PILOT HOISTS The use of mechanical pilot hoists is prohibited by SOLAS regulation V/23. 5 ACCESS TO DECK Means should be provided to ensure safe, convenient and unobstructed passage for any person embarking on, or disembarking from, the ship between the head of the pilot ladder, or of any accommodation ladder, and the ship's deck; such access should be gained directly by a platform securely guarded by handrails. Where such passage is by means of:.1 a gateway in the rails or bulwark, adequate handholds should be provided at the point of embarking on or disembarking from the ship on each side which should be not less than 0.7 m or more than 0.8 m apart. Each handhold should be rigidly secured to the ship's structure at or near its base and also at a higher point, not less than 32 mm in diameter and extend not less than 1.2 m above the top of the bulwarks. Stanchions or handrails should not be attached to the bulwark ladder;.2 a bulwark ladder should be securely attached to the ship to prevent overturning. Two handhold stanchions should be fitted at the point of embarking on or disembarking from the ship on each side which should be not less than 0.7 m or more than 0.8 m apart. Each stanchion should be rigidly secured to the ship's structure at or near its base and also at a higher point, should be not less than 32 mm in diameter and should extend not less than 1.2 m above the top of the bulwarks. Stanchions or handrails should not be attached to the bulwark ladder. 3 Refer to SOLAS regulation II-1/3-9 concerning accommodation ladders. I:\ASSEMBLY\27\RES\1045.doc 18

19 6 SAFE APPROACH OF THE PILOT BOAT A 27/Res.1045 Page 5 Where rubbing bands or other constructional features might prevent the safe approach of a pilot boat, these should be cut back to provide at least 6 metres of unobstructed ship's side. Specialized offshore ships less than 90 m or other similar ships less than 90 m for which a 6 m gap in the rubbing bands would not be practicable, as determined by the Administration, do not have to comply with this requirement. In this case, other appropriate measures should be taken to ensure that persons are able to embark and disembark safely. 7 INSTALLATION OF PILOT LADDER WINCH REELS 7.1 Point of access When a pilot ladder winch reel is provided it should be situated at a position which will ensure persons embarking on, or disembarking from, the ship between the pilot ladder and the point of access to the ship, have safe, convenient and unobstructed access to or egress from the ship The point of access to or egress from the ship may be by a ship's side opening, an accommodation ladder when a combination arrangement is provided, or a single section of pilot ladder The access position and adjacent area should be clear of obstructions, including the pilot ladder winch reel, for distances as follows:.1 a distance of 915 mm in width measured longitudinally;.2 a distance of 915 mm in depth, measured from the ship's side plating inwards; and.3 a distance of 2,200 mm in height, measured vertically from the access deck. 7.2 Physical positioning of pilot ladder winch reels Pilot ladder winch reels are generally fitted on the ship's upper (main) deck or at a ship's side opening which may include side doors, gangway locations or bunkering points. Winch reels fitted on the upper deck may result in very long pilot ladders Pilot ladder winch reels which are fitted on a ship's upper deck for the purpose of providing a pilot ladder which services a ship side opening below the upper deck or, alternatively, an accommodation ladder when a combination arrangement is provided should:.1 be situated at a location on the upper deck from which the pilot ladder is able to be suspended vertically, in a straight line, to a point adjacent to the ship side opening access point or the lower platform of the accommodation ladder;.2 be situated at a location which provides a safe, convenient and unobstructed passage for any person embarking on, or disembarking from, the ship between the pilot ladder and the place of access on the ship; I:\ASSEMBLY\27\RES\1045.doc 19

20 A 27/Res.1045 Page 6.3 be situated so that safe and convenient access is provided between the pilot ladder and the ship's side opening by means of a platform which should extend outboard from the ship's side for a minimum distance of 750 mm, with a longitudinal length of a minimum of 750 mm. The platform should be securely guarded by handrails;.4 safely secure the pilot ladder and manropes to the ship's side at a point on the ships side at a distance of 1,500 mm above the platform access point to the ship side opening or the lower platform of the accommodation ladder; and.5 if a combination arrangement is provided, have the accommodation ladder secured to the ship's side at or close to the lower platform so as to ensure that the accommodation ladder rests firmly against the ship's side Pilot ladder winch reels fitted inside a ship's side opening should:.1 be situated at a position which provides a safe, convenient and unobstructed passage for any person embarking on, or disembarking from, the ship between the pilot ladder and the place of access on the ship;.2 be situated at a position which provides an unobstructed clear area with a minimum length of 915 mm and minimum width of 915 mm and minimum vertical height of 2,200 mm; and.3 if situated at a position which necessitates a section of the pilot ladder to be partially secured in a horizontal position on the deck so as to provide a clear access as described above, then allowance should be made so that this section of the pilot ladder may be covered with a rigid platform for a minimum distance of 915 mm measured horizontally from the ship's side inwards. 7.3 Handrails and handgrips Handrails and handgrips should be provided in accordance with section 5 to assist the pilot to safely transfer between the pilot ladder and the ship, except as noted in paragraph for arrangements with platforms extending outboard. The horizontal distance between the handrails and/or the handgrips should be not less than 0.7 m or more than 0.8 m apart. 7.4 Securing of the pilot ladder Where the pilot ladder is stowed on a pilot ladder winch reel which is located either within the ship's side opening or on the upper deck:.1 the pilot ladder winch reel should not be relied upon to support the pilot ladder when the pilot ladder is in use;.2 the pilot ladder should be secured to a strong point, independent of the pilot ladder winch reel; and.3 the pilot ladder should be secured at deck level inside the ship side opening or, when located on the ship's upper deck, at a distance of not less than 915 mm measured horizontally from the ship's side inwards. 20 I:\ASSEMBLY\27\RES\1045.doc