Exercices sur SQL server 2000

Transcription

1 Exercices sur SQL server 2000 La diagramme de classe : Exercices sur SQL server 2000 Le modèle relationnel correspondant : 1

2 Créer les tables Clic-droit on Tables et choisir «New Table» Créer la table Client Mettre N_client en clé primaire Pour clé primaire mettre «Identity» à yes 2

3 Créer la table Commande Créer la table Constitution 3

4 Créer la table Produit Data type bigint binary[(n)] Description Data types An 8-byte integer (whole number). Fixed-length binary data of n bytes, where n is a value from 1 through Use binary when data entries in a column are expected to be close to the same size. Storage size 8 bytes n + 4 bytes bit char[(n)] cursor datetime decimal[(p,[s])] or numeric[(p,[s])] Integer data type that can be a value of 1, 0, or NULL. Bit columns cannot have indexes on them Fixed-length non-unicode character data with length of n characters, where n is a value from 1 through 8000 A reference to a cursor. Can be used only for variables and stored procedure parameters Date and time data from January 1, 1753 through December 31, 9999, with accuracy to 3.33 milliseconds Fixed-precision and fixed-scale numbers. (The data type numeric is a synonym for decimal.)precision (p) specifies the total number of digits that can be stored, both to the left and to the right of the decimal point. Scale (s) specifies the maximum number of digits that can be stored to the right of the decimal point. Scale must be less than or equal to precision. The minimum precision is 1, and the maximum precision is 28 unless SQL Server is started with the -p parameter, in which case, precision can be up to byte for a table with up to 8-bit columns, 2 bytes for a table with 9-bit through 16-bit columns, and so on n bytes Not applicable 8 bytes 5 through 17 bytes, depending on precision 4

5 float[(n)] Floating-precision numerical data that can range from -1.79E +308 through 1.79E The value n is the number of bits used to store the mantissa of the float number and can range from 1 to 53 4 through 8 bytes, depending on precision image Used for variable-length binary data longer than 8000 bytes, with a maximum of 2^31-1 bytes. An image column entry is a pointer to the location of the image data value. The data is stored separately from the table data 16 bytes for the pointer integer or int Integer (whole number) data from -2^31 (-2,147,483,648) through 2^31-1 (2,147,483,647) 4 bytes money Monetary data values from -2^63 (-922,337,203,685, ) through 2^63-1 (922,337,203,685, ), with accuracy to one ten-thousandth of a monetary unit 8 bytes Fixed-length Unicode character data of n characters, where n is a value from 1 through 4000.Unicode characters use 2 bytes per character and can support all international charactersnchar[(n)] ntext Variable-length Unicode data with a maximum length of 2^30-1 (1,073,741,823) characters.the column entry for ntext is a pointer to the location of the data. The data is stored separately from the table data 2 bytes * the number of characters entered 16 bytes for the pointer and 2 bytes * the number of characters entered for the data nvarchar real smalldatetime smallint smallmoney sql_variant Variable-length Unicode data of n characters, where n is a value from 1 through Recall that Unicode characters use 2 bytes per character and can support all international characters. Floating-precision numerical data that can range from?3.40e+38 through 3.40E+38. The synonym for real is float(24) Date and time data from January 1, 1900 through June 6, 2079, with accuracy to the minute (less precise than the datetime data type) Integer data from -2^15 (-32,768) through 2^15-1 (32,767) Monetary data values from -214, through 214, , with accuracy to one ten-thousandth of a monetary unit Allows values of different data types. The data value and data describing that value its base data type, scale, precision, maximum size, and collation are stored in this column 2 bytes * the number of characters entered 4 bytes 4 bytes 2 bytes 4 bytes Size varies sysname A special, system-supplied, SQL Server user-defined data type. The sysname data type is defined by SQL Server as nvarchar(128), which means that it can contain 128 Unicode characters (or 256 bytes). Use sysname to refer to columns that store object names 256 bytes table Similar to using a temporary table the declaration includes a column list and data types. Can be used to define a local variable or for the return value of a user-defined function. Varies with table definition 5

6 text Used for variable-length non-unicode character data longer than 8000 bytes. A text column entry can hold up to 2^31-1 characters. It is a pointer to the location of the data value. The data is stored separately from the table data 16 bytes for the pointer timestamp A timestamp column is automatically updated every time a row is inserted or updated. Each table can have only one timestamp column. 8 bytes tinyint Integer data from 0 through byte unique-identifier Stores a 16-byte binary value that is a globally unique identifier (GUID) 16 bytes varbinary Variable-length binary data of n bytes, where n is a value from 1 through Use varbinary when data entries in a column are expected to vary considerably in size. Actual length of data entered + 4 bytes varchar[(n)] Variable-length non-unicode character data with a length of n characters, where n is a value from 1 through Actual length of data entered Créer un nouveau diagramme 6

7 Ajouter les tables avec wizard Ajouter les liens entre les tables Tirer un lien de Client.N_client Vers Commande.N_Client 7

8 Ajouter les liens entre les tables Ajouter les liens entre les tables Client.N_client Commande.N_Client Commande.N_Commande Constitution.N_Commande Produit.N_Produit Constitution.N_Produit 8

9 Ajouter des données aux tables Clic-droit sur la table et choisir «Open table» puis «Return all rows» Ajouter des données aux tables On peut aussi modifier les données déjà entrées Ajouter les données à la dernière ligne de la table, Le champs N_client se complète automatiquement car «Identity» est mis à yes 9

10 Ajouter des données aux tables Attention à la contrainte d intégrité existentielle Pour les clés étrangères Ajouter des données aux tables Client Commande Produit Constitution 10

11 Créer un nouveau «view» Créer un nouveau «view» Clic-droit et choisir «add table» 11

12 Créer un nouveau «view» Ajouter la table client Créer un nouveau «view» Cliquer sur «all columns» puis sur run 12

13 Créer un nouveau «view» Choisir N_client, Nom_Client et Adresse. Décocher «output» d adresse. Ajouter «= Bruxelles» dans criteria Créer un nouveau «view» Créer un nouveau «view» Ajouter tous les tables qu on a créé 13

14 Créer un nouveau «view» Construire une vue qui renvoie le nom et adresse du client, les produits qu il a acheté, la date de la Commande et la quantité acheté Créer un nouveau «view» 14

15 Créer un nouveau «view» Quels sont les clients (nom et adresse) qui n ont pas fait d achat en octobre SELECT Client.NomClient, Client.Adresse FROM Client, Commande WHERE (Client.N_Client = Commande.N_Client) And (Commande.DateCommande NOT LIKE /10/ ); Créer un nouveau «view» Deux lignes identiques! 15

16 Créer un nouveau «view» Pour éliminer les duplicats 16