Département fédéral de l'intérieur DFI Commission suisse de maturité CSM Examen suisse de maturité, session d été 2012 DIRECTIVES 2012 SELON LE NOUVEAU DROIT GEOGRAPHIE, DISCIPLINE FONDAMENTALE LANGUE DE MENTION : ANGLAIS Durée : 120 min Candidat : Nom :.. Prénom :. Numéro :.. L épreuve comporte 33 points pour le contenu et 2 points pour la qualité de la présentation, la lisibilité et la correction de la langue. Ces derniers points ne seront attribués que si vous répondez au moins à la moitié des questions. Les réponses se font aux espaces prévus à ce effet. Correcteurs : Nombre de points obtenus : 1 ère partie / 10 points 2 ème partie / 13 points 3 ème partie / 10 points Note Présentation Total / 2 points / 35 points Au nom du collège des correcteurs : Correcteur 1 : Date :. Signature : Correcteur 2 : Date :. Signature : SER / 632-008 / DF Géographie (AD) / E12 Veuillez rendre ce feuillet avec votre travail, merci! 1/8
Part One: General Knowledge (10 pts.) WRITE TRUE or FALSE in the Answer column. 1.1. The Earth and the Solar System Answer Points/ 2 Equinoxes occur in June and December. The Tropic of Capricorn is in the southern hemisphere. The Earth rotates in an eastward motion. The Earth s revolution takes 365 days and 6 hours. 1.2 Structure and Transformation of the Earth s Crust Answer Points / 2 The Earth s crust and the top part of the upper mantle make up the lithosphere. The oceanic crust is thicker than the continental crust. An active plate boundary is a contact zone between a continental plate and an oceanic plate. A constructive margin is a zone where plates converge. 1.3 Meteorology, Climate and Biomes Answer Points / 2 The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon which has always existed. Clear colours absorb more solar light than dark ones. The presence of water stabilizes temperatures. Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude. 1.4 Population, Settlement and Urban planning Answer Points / 2 The infant mortality rate is the same throughout the world. In the demographic transition the death rate decreases before the birth rate. Africa is the continent with the highest population density. Asia is the continent with the largest population. 1.5 Transportation, Energy and Economy Answer Points / 2 The WTO s aim is to foster food self-sufficiency. Traditional farming is more dependent on the climate than modern farming. Swiss farming is basically traditional. Coffee is an export crop. 2/8
Part Two: Comprehension and Practical Work (13 pts.) 2.1 Population Pyramids: Switzerland, 1900 and 2010 2.1.1 Name the two types of pyramids that you recognize below. Type 1 (1900) : Type 2 (2010) : / 1 2010 2010 1900 1900 OFS, Mémento statistique de la Suisse 2012 2.1.2 Carefully observe the pyramid, then characterize the demography of Switzerland in 1900 (mention four different elements). / 2 2.1.3 Carefully observe the pyramid, then characterize the demography of Switzerland in 2010 (mention four different elements). / 2 3/8
2.1.4 Present two economic and two social issues revealed by the pyramid of 2010. Economic issues: Social issues: / 2 2.2 International Migrations 2.2.1 Observe the map above and name the two main regions of origin of skilled migrants. Why are those regions more affected by this phenomenon than other parts of the world? / 1 4/8
2.2.2 Observe the map again and name the two main regions which attract skilled migrants. Why are those regions so attractive? / 1 2.2.3 Fill in the chart below so as to present eight consequences of migrations. Positive consequences Negative consequences Country of origin Country of destination / 4 5/8
Part Two: Comprehension and Practical Work (10 pts.) 3.1 The Swiss Energy Policy Two of the major strategic priorities of the Swiss energy policy today are: Priority 1: to stall or decrease the consumption of fossil fuels. Priority 2: to put an end to nuclear energy production (in the long run). 3.1.1 Give the main reason for each of these decisions. For strategic priority 1 For strategic priority 2 3.1.2 To achieve each of these strategic priorities, propose three concrete, distinct and possible solutions. For strategic priority 1 Solution 1 / 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 For strategic priority 2 Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 / 3 6/8
3.2 Location of different sources of energy in Switzerland 3.2.1 With the help of your atlas, and bearing in mind the various limitations affecting different forms of energy, draw the following elements on the map below: Three regions producing hydroelectricity. Two regions producing nuclear energy. Two regions producing - or fit for the production of wind energy. Three regions particularly adapted for the production of solar energy. Draw a clear, synthetic map with a complete and clear key. Key / 4 7/8
3.2.2 Briefly justify the different locations proposed in your map. - For hydroelectricity: - For nuclear energy: - For wind energy: - For solar energy: / 2 8/8