OEEC-308. Greece 03/1949-10/1960

Organisation for European Economic Cooperation Fonds code OEEC-308 Date 03/1949-10/1960 Title Greece Copyright and ownership The historical archives of the OEEC, including the digitised versions, remain the exclusive property of the OECD and are subject to the statute and protection regime of the goods of the OECD, in particular the immunities specified by article 4 of the Supplementary Protocol No 1 to the Convention for European Economic Co-operation renewed by the Supplementary Protocol No 2 of the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development: The Archives of the Organisation, and in general all documents belonging to it or held by it, shall be inviolable wherever located.

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DÉLÉGATION DE GRÈCE PARI S. LE... 30... J1a.. i...19 51 AUPRÈS DE L 'ORGANISATION EUROP~ENNE DE COOP~RATION ~CONOMIQUE 3, RU E L ORO BYRO N SAL. 2Z 53 Monsieur le Directeur, En réponse à votre lettre DAG/1578 du 26 mai 1951, nous avons l ' honneur de vous remettre ci-joint une l iste corrigée des membres de notre Délégation auprès de l 'O. E.C. E. M. H. Haymer l e, Directeur des Affa l res Générales de l'organlsation Européenne de Coopérati on Eco~omique, Paris.

GRECE Sièg~: 3, Ru~ Lord-Byron, Paris (8e)-BAL.22-53 3, ru~ Lord-Byron, Paris (8e) &.L. 22-53. M. Alexandre VERDELIS, Ministre Plénipotentiaire, Chef d~ la Mission P~rman~nte. M. Léandre NICOtAIDES, Mme Nicolaià~s. 3, rue Lord-Byron, Ministr~ Plénipot~ntiaire, Paris (8~) Prof~ss~ur à l'univ~rsité T~chniqu~ d'athènes, BAL. 22-53. Conseill~r Général Technique. 3, rue Lord-Byron, Paris (8~) BAL. 22.-53. M. Achille COMINOS, Ministre Résld~nt, Cons~ill~r Général Economiqu~. Mme Cominos. 44, Av. Kléber, Paris (16e) PAS. 54-35. M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS, Conseiller Général pour les Echanges ~t les Paiements. Mme Christidis. Melle Chrlstidis. 3, rue Lord-Byron, M. Georges ZALOOOSTAS, Mm~ Zàlocostas. Paris (8~) Cons~iller, BAL. 22-53. Dir~ct~ur des S~rvlces Administratifs. 8, rue Vuillermln, St Cloud (S. &.o). 3, rue Lord-Byron, P a r is (8 e) BA.L. 22-53. M. D. KOULOPOULOS, Conseiller. M. G~org~s MILON, Conseill~r Adjoint Général Technique. au Cons~iller 3, rue Lord-Byron, Pari s (8e) Bl\L. 22-53. 3, ru~ Lord-Byron, Parls (8~) ML. 22-53. Hòt~l Lutétla, Boulevard Raspail, Paris (6e). t-1. C. ATHANATOS, AftachA de Presse. M. B. OONDICC\S, s~créta ir~. M. Dani~l MANOLAKIS, Secrétalre. Mm~ A thana tos. Mm~ Gondi ca s.

GR E C E (sulte) 3, rue Lord-Byron, Pari s (Be) BAL. 22-53. M. Georges POTOUS, Secréta i re. 4, rue Octave-Gréard, M. Miche l KINDINIS, Paris (?e). Secrétaire.

. '. 14 GR ECE Siège: 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) - BAL. 22-53. 3, Rue Lord Byron, Parts (Se) - r... 22-53. M. Alexandre VERDELIS, Ministre Plénipotentiaire, Chef de la Mission Permanente. 3, Rue Lord Byron, 's (Be) 22-53. M. Léa.ndre NICOLAIDES, Ministre P l énipotentiaire. Professeur à l'université Technique d' Athènes. Conseiller Général Technique. Mme N1colaides. 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) BAL. 22-53. M. Achille COMINOS, Conseiller Général Economique. Mme Cominos. 44, Av. Ktéi.er, Paris (16e) PAS. 54-35. M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS, Conseiller Général pour les Echanges et les Paiements. Mme Christ~d~s. 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) Bi\L~ 22-53. Mme Zalacostas. S, Rue Vuillennin, F r::loud (S. &0.) 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) BAL. 22-53. ue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) BAL. 22-53. Mme Athanatos. 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) BAL. 22-53. M. B. GONDICAS, Secrétaire. Mme Gondicas. HOtel Lutétia, Boulevard Raspail Paris (6e).

13 FRANCE Siège Minis ère des Affaires Etrangères, 37,Quai d'orsay, Paris e)- INV.16-40, 18, Rue S,pontini, Paris ( 16 ) PAS. 49-96. M. Pierre CHARPENTIER, Directeur Général s Affaires Economiques et Fina cières Ministère des Affaires Etr gères (ayant rang d'ambassa ur), f de la Délégation ( ppléant). M me Charpentier. 72, Rue du Cherche Midi, Paris (6e) LIT. 72-34. Mme Wormser. 41, Rue de l'uni versit é,.paris (7e) BAB. 14-91. Mme de Clermont Tonnerre. 40, Avenue Duquesne, Paris (7 e) SUF. 66-22. Administrateur au Ministère des Affaires Etrangèr Secrétaire Permanent de la Délégatio Mme Soutou. M. Roger VAURS, Administrateur au Ministère des Affaires Etrangères.

.~. 15 GR E C E (suite) 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (Se) BAL. 22-53. 'l, Rue Octave Gréard, 1ris (7e).

16 IRLANDE Siège: Ambassade d'irlande, 37bis, Rue Paul Valéry, Paris (16e) Délégation O.E.C.E.- COP. 54-96 Ambassade - PAS. 91-58 37bis, Rue Paul Valéry, Paria {16 8 ) CO P. 54-96 PAS. 91-58 Mr. C.C. CREMIN, Ambassadeur d'irlande à Paris, Chef de la Mission Permanente. Mrs. Cremin. 37bis, Rue Paul Valeyy, Paris (16 8 ) COP. 54-96. Mr. E.L. KENNEDY, Premier Secrétaire.

- GRECE Siège : 3, Rue Lord Byron, Paris (8 "') - BAL. 22-53. 3, rue Lord Byron, Parls (8") BAL. 22-53. M. Léandre NICOLAIDES Ministri" Pll'nipotentiaire, Chef de la Mission Permanente. Mme Nicolafdes. 44, av. K~éber, Paris ( 16 ) PAS. 54-35. M. Théodore CHRISI'IDIS, Conseiller Général pour les Echanges et les Palements. Mme Christidis. 3, rue Lord Byron, Parls (8") BAL. 22-53. M. Georges MILO N, Conseiller TechniQUe. 3, rue Lord Byron, Parls (8") BAL. 22-53. M. B. GONDICAS, Secrétaire. Mme Gondicas. HOtel Lutétla, Boulevard Raspall, Parls (6"). M. Daniel MANOLAKIS, Secrétalre.

G R E C E Siège: 3, rue Lord-Byronp Paris (8e) - BAL.22-53 3, rue Lord-Byron, Paris ( 8e) Bal. 22-53 44, Av, Kléber, Paris \l6e) Pas.54-35 M. Léandre NICOLAIDES hinistre Plénipotentiaire Chef de la 1Ci$sion Permanente \ \! \ ' j_ M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS Conseiller Général Mme NICOLAIDES Nme CHRISTIDIS Hotel Lutétia, Boulevard Raspail, Paris (6e) M. Démètre KOULOPOULOS Conseiller Agricole 3, rue Lord-Byron, Paris (8e) Bal.22-53 M. Georges MILON Conseiller Technique Hotel Lutétia, Boulevard Raspail, Paris (6e) ~. Daniel MANOLAKIS Secrétaire 3, rue Lord-Byron, Paris (8e) Bal.22-53 M. Georges POTOUS Secrétaire

30 Déoembre - Messieurs, Faisant suite à notre entretien télé honique de ce Jour, veuillez trouver ci-dessous, l a liste des embres aotuels de notre Délégation, pour l'établissement des nouvelles cartes d' identi té et pour la publioa.tion future de la liste des embres dea Délégations Nat1onales uprès de votre Or nisation. 3, rue Lord- Byron Paria Se :BAL:23-53 44, Av. Klébar Paris l6e PAS:54-35 3, rue Lord-Byron Paria Be BAL:22-53 3, rue Lord-Byron P ris 8e BAL: 22-53 3, rue Lord-Eyron Paria Be. BAL: 22-53 HGtel LUTETIA Bd Rasp il Pari e 3, rue Lord-Byron aris 8e BAL:22-53 M. Léandre NICO D S Mme. COLJUDES nistre Plénipotentiaire Chef de la i ssion Permanente M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS Conseiller Général a~o r ges LO Conseiller Technique D m tre COULOPOULOS Conseiller gricole Basile GONDICAS Seoréta ire M. Daniel OIJ S Secrétaire Georges POTOUS Secrétaire e CERISTIDIS le COULOPOULOS e GONDICAS Veuillez a r6er, r essieurs, l' ssurance de notre considération distin uée. Servio des Immunités et Privilèges Diplomatiques de l'o. E. C. E. Paria.

,... DÉLÉGATION DE GRÈCE AUPRÈS D E L ' ORGANISATION EUROPÉE N NE DE COOPÉRATION É CONOMIQUE PARIS. 5 Mai 56 L E...... 19 15, V i l l a S a i d K LE. 68-2 7 G R E C E Siège : 15, Villa Sa!d, Paris (16e) - KLE. 68-2? 43, Av. Foch, Paris (16e) KLE. 06-?9 M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS, Mme Christidis Ministre Pléni pot entiaire Chef de la Mission Pèrmanente. 30, Av. Carnot, Paris (l?e) GAL. 45-10 15, Villa Sa1d, Paris6 (16~ KLE. 8-~"' 42, Bld Garibaldi, Paris (15e) SUF. 20-10 HOtel Lutétia, Boulevard Raspail, Paris (6e) M. Dimitri KOULOPOULOS, Conseiller agricole. M. Georges MILON, Conseiller Technique. Dr. s.e. POULOPOULOS, Expert Economique M. Daniel MANOLAKIS, Expert Economique 12, rue de Clichy, Paris (9e) TRI.34-51 Melle Marie C~~ELLA, Secrétaire-archiviste

GRECE Siège:., RbC bo: d~}tbfi, P e:. ('~") 22 sa..-fs- '\lieb,. Sa_i 'd f~ h; c K L t! osso M. L.éGRGFII ~IICQbAIQI!S, MiRiEtre RléR ipetertiaile, CR f de la Ui s sion Permanente Mme ~li eal ai Ile s. (GbEIIRtll) i.p.~~mti'ier, 4) fl-v ''F~ ~M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS,!(~E b '-:rct~f Adjoint de la Mi ssion Permanente, kf,e $i-" fo 30, Av. Carnot, Pari s (17 11 ) GAL. 45-10. -- r..:::l/: "" - av R uurl;tml "'i Gli 1 S" vi ila S~4. P aris ~f-i'j M. Dimitri KOULOPOULOS, Conseiller agricole. M. Georges MILON, s-.: Ili! sa.~,, k.lé O o 8v.q~ ~ol1~~vmd. ClF.uJ. tc.ètl,' ip- t' a,.,., (-- P a ris (~ -1s-t - ~!111 re.so F' ~., o Expert é conomique. Conseiller technique. Dr. S.C. POULOPOULOS, Mme Christidis, Hotel Lutéti a, Boulevard Raspail, P aris (6 11 ), ~-,i~u~.,g,.,rj " l o d ~ Ì P aris~ l. ~. l M. Daniel MANOLAKIS, M. Georges POTOUS, Secrétaire, 12, Rue de Clichy, Pari s (911) TRI. 34-51. Melle Marie CARAMBELLA, Secrétaire Interprete. fl lo

GRECE Siège 15, villa Said, Paris (l6e)- KLE. 68-27 44, avenue Kléber, P ari 1 16e) KLE. 81-10 M. Théodore CHRISTIDIS, Ministre Plénipotentiaire, Chef de la Mission Permanente Mme Chri sti di s 30, av. Camot, Paris (17e) GAL. 45-10 M. Dimitri KOUL0fl8,UL~~. Conseiller Agricole 15, vill a Said, Paris (16e) KLE. 68-27 M. Georges MILGN, Conseiller Technique :- 15, vi lla Said, Paris (16e) KLE. 68-27 Dr. S.C POULOPOUL OS Expert Economique Mme Poulopoulos, 7, rue Léon-Delhomme Paris (15e) M. Daniel MANOLAKIS Expert Econamique 12, ru e de Clichy Pari s (9e) TRI. 34-51 Mlle Marie CARAMBELLA Secrétaire-Archivi ste 10

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ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE DE COOPERATION ECONOr:IIQUE Sccrétariat RESTRICTED Paris, le 11 déccmbre 1952 SGD(52)127 Barèmc 2 Or, fr, NOTE DE SERVICE Le Secrétaire e;énérnl vient d tetre :i.nfori:té pnr une lettre cn da te du 8 déccmbre 195'2, don t le tc~~te figure cj- clessous quc TI, VERDELIS, Chef dc la Mlssion Per:,mncnte de la G:c8cc auprès dc 1 1 Organisa tioì.1 a pr8scnté sa d t~rnission : tt I"lonsicur le Secréta:Lre gc nc ral, D 1 ordrc de mon Gouvernemcnt, j 1ai l 1 honncur do portcr à votre connaissance, que Monsicur f.., VERDELIS, Cì1ef' cì.c la D6lé::;a tion h l l '. ' t ' d '... 't, J._, e onlque, a presen <3 sa cmls SJ.o n qul a c G acce p ucc. Jusqu 1 à la publication du décret nommant son succesneur l 1 intérim sera assuré, comme par l o passé, par moi - mcme, Veuillez agrc er, Monsicur l e Sec~étaire l 1 expression de ma tròs haute considération,n général, P. L. NICOLAIDI3 Chef Adjoint de la Délégation 42426,....

()TIGJ.NISLT I\1 N EURC PEEN:NE DE COOPERJ:.T I G,N ECO NOMIQTE RESTRICTED Pari~, le 23 mnrs 1953 SGD (53 )21 1 ~a rè lne i.~ Or o f r. NUl'F: DE SEFì.VI CE - -..-~ ------ -- --- Le Secr6to.ire Gén6r~ l vient dl~tr e i nfermo par un e l ottre e n d~ t e du 1 9 mnrs l \.:'53, qua M'"lns i o ur Lòo.n ùr e N I CO.L,. ~ID2:.S, par clécre t. r c yitl - du 2') f <Jvr ib r 1 953, J. ubl i o nu Jn ~~lt.nl C'.: ficiel N 4C/?6-2- 53 o. ét;:j n o:mm6 r.:~of de: l o. ~- ~ 10 t_:f.lt i on Porr.1.'ì ncnt8 ~{e ].' L0nique a upr ès c:e 1 1 Or é::nni r-;c.t.i on Europ,~e n.."le de Cc, rpt:,rnti on Ecnll!Jmìq,.le à Pa :.."'is, ov e c le grade de tlinistr8 Pléniprtel1 tìail'e de p i'0tnière c l as se.

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K l N G D O M O F G ~ R E E C E MINISTRY OF COORDINATION GREEK RECOVERY PROGRAM COORDI NATING OFFICE OFFICES : 3 AMERIKIS STR. TEL. 30.931 ATHENS l T o... Q.~g _g_g _~-~?.-.~.:1:_1?.~---~J..:_g_ p~-~!.!-.:t?:.~ -.. ~ - ~... g_g _~_ }?. _~:r.?.:~ ~-~-~.. -~ono~~~ u ~-----S-~--~-~ )_~ _s -~-=--~-~-~--~~~ - --~-=-<:.r... ~.. t. -~-~ i a~----- ch'àteau de la Muette 2 Rue imdre Pascal............................,..... ~............ Date Athen ~,Decembu 31, 1953 Reg. No 67 61311868 Reference : Jnuiries to Tel. 3093l poste 56 Room 307 Mr. Papaioannou J?.gJ'_;\, _~ J 9.~m-~------------------ ~ U b j ( C(...... _...................... --- - - - - - - - -------- - ---------------------------- -------- ----- -- ------------... ----- -------- --------- ------ ---------- - ----- - ----- --..'!essieurs, l Le Gouvernement Hellenique desire exprimer ses remercièments chaleureux au Personnel d e 1 1 OECE pour leurs efforts d e venir eri a id e aux populat ions sinistréesd es Il es Ioniennes détrui t es ree emént.. par l es tr ernbleme.1t s d e t erre. l Le Service du Secretari at est prie de bien vouloir transmettre ces remerciement s au Personnel de 1 1 01CE, a c ette occasion, et de lui faire connaitre que le chèque de Fr. Fr. 320. 541, au nom du Chef de la Delegation Hellènique reçu par l ~IT NISTHE ADJOINT DE LA C001DI "' ' "' o ' "' ' :::! ' Copi es l o lvlinist ère d es Affair es Etrangèr es (Bureau du 1~ inistre ) A 2. Archev eche d 1 thènes, ColiD.ité Central des Collectes pour les sinistres des Iles Ioniennes l. 3. Delégation Hellenique auprès de 1 1 Ob.CE, 3 Rue Lord Byron, Paris 8-àme / /..-...:* o~c l f2 2.UN!_ 1H54 c~~~ ~...:.. t... _ ; ~

ORGAYISATION ETJROPZ:SlJ1'1T~ DE C OOPERf, TI OlT EC O EOM IC'~UE Secréto.riat TI~STHICTED Pr'.l ìs, l o 30 jnìllet 1 955 1 SGD (55 ),.'.:7 Barème 2 lt O T E Le Socr6to.ire G6:1éro.l a r e çu de Mons i our ricol aidis, Chof do lo. Dé16;_ ~o. ti on dc l o. Gl Òco, l a l c ttre sui ;antc qui est 1 diffusa.:; pour D!l<~Onk..'.TIOl:. P~ris, l o 1 3 juillc t 1 955. Monsicur l e Sccrétairo G é~éra l, J l ai ll honnotit ~o por t ar ~ votre conno.issanc c, que mon Gouvorne~on t a a ccopté l a démiss i on quo jo l ui avais reniso le 11 juin. Jo c esser ai n'es fonctio!ls cn t ant qno Clwf do lo. D616go.tion, l o l cr aout a. c. Jusqv. '~ l o. nor ~ in.ation dc non succc:jsolt, l'in t(rim ooro. assuré par Iilons i our Cl:I'istidès, Cc)~1scillcr Gén.6ro.l dc lo. D6légo.tion. Vcuilloz o. ~ r(or, ~ons i c ur l o Socréto.iro G6n6ro.l, l' assurancc do 1:10. J:1o.uto con3ig.6~o.tion. L ~ 1TICOLLIDIS.

OTIGAP IS!1.T ION 2 0R :;:;TJR OPEAìT ECOHOMI C CO- OP:SR:ì.TI OE R:è S T~ I CT::::: D Paris, 3 0 t~ J ul y, 1955. SGD ( 5 5 ) '17 SCAL:::: 2,. O T :;:::; Th e f ollovri n.c; l e t ter, no tif ~ri ng of Lir. Nico1o.i clis ' r os i ~;:tl.n tion f r o1,1 t he pos t oi' Eca,1 of t~x Gr e e~r. De l e.c;o. t ion t o O. E. ~. C. is circul o. t 8ù f or I!I8 ' (),C J'~Jl O:t"> the Se cr e t o.. r ~r - Gone r a l Paris, 1 9 t h J ul y, l S 55. Sir, I ar.1 iirri tinr; t o l e t you l:no i t h o. t u y Go<Jor:cll~lcn-t hao a c cept ed t he r esiq'lo.ti on I t c:1c1crod on 11t h J uno. I \"iill c eo.sc my function s a s Heo.d of "C ~1c Grcclc Dc l es:1tion on l s t J\.ugv.s t nc:t, Until ny s uccessoi' lu1s bccn nomi nat ed, I.Ir. C}1l'istiù.os, Coun s ollor of t he Do l egation, u i l l a ct as its Hco.d. I o.r:1, Sir, Your OÌ)Odicnt Sor vo.nt, L, H I COL :~. rdis

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ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE DE COOPEl~t.TION EC01JOì UQUE RES TRI CTED Paris, l e 24 avril 1956 SGD ( 56)34 Barème 2 Or. f r. ITOTE Le Secr6taire Général vient d t&tre i nformé que I'J. Théodore CHHISTIDIS, ~Iinistre Plér.ipotenti aire, a été nommé Chef de la DcHée;ati on Permanente de la Gr~ce auprès cle llo. E. C. Z. ------ - - - ------------------------ - -------------------- - -- ~ -- ORGANISATION FOR EUnOPE AN ECO};OIUC C O -OP I~R ATION RESTR I CTF.D Pari s, 24th April, 1956 SGD(56)34 Scale 2 Or. Fr. l't OTE The Secretary General has just been informed that ~-1r. Théodore CIUUSTI DIS,!Vlin i ster Pl enipotentiary, has bee n nominated Head of the PermaDent Greek DelegatioD to the O. E. E. C. 79.666

l 1U1'1 6 1d t. UVA'IWY'YAl'rl Hell n1 u n ntr vor lo et l bon fonct1onn tlon Euro nn o ér t1on intenir 1tion xpo,.,.,..t:\,... ft 11' 11 y s. c l uelle.tl t tic 1èr c t berne l ct1on. ua o!tona w notr _ o! t into :r eo f 1bl!r l ou n o tout l ' h ur, 1r l ' tion cont1nu tonctionnel" vee tout so r ti ctuel. -------

T BE FREE TR ADE ARE A REPORT ON A VI SIT TO ATHE1JS lst and 2nd February, 1957 I - INTRODUCTIQN l. I had long and detailed discussi ons throughout the fir st day wi cb th~ Ninister of Co- or dination and his officials a nd the Gov.e r nnr of the ~ a n k of Gr eece a nd his e conomie adviser. These cul.m~_:ì at ed on t:.e s econd day, in a mee t ~_n; a t which the following were _present : - J.Jr. APOS.TOLI DES, Vice- Pre mier (in the Chair). 111r CHE LMIS, Minister of Co-or dination ~1r -. THIVAlOS, Minister of Finance. T'lr. Z OLOT AS, Governar of t he Banlc of Greece nx LAHBR OUKOS, Secretary-Ge neral of the ~llinis"j:;ry of..~;p=~=--=~ Co- ordi na tion l Ir. PÒ~G;IS)... Secretary of the Ec onomie Council.. ~;bf I-1inisters rv1r. P~ST.JAZ OGLOU, _Economie Adviser t o the Governar or' the Ban o:f Greece 1/lr. LIVIERNros ; lviinistry of Co-ordination 2. :I was unable to ma lce detaile d notes of what was sai,d by each of t he above individuals, whether at the meeting ment:loned, abo.ve or on t h,e. other occasions when I spol{e separ ateiy t o,most of t hem. I g i v:e below,.. t herefore, a summary of my impressions of t heir joint attituges towards the question of the estab l ishment of a free t rade area in Europe. Some stressed one a spect- more than another; they used different words t o explain their ideas;.but tl1ere was c omplete unanimity in t heir collective ot:.tlook... I f. t~1is w ~re t o be summe d up in one sentence, i t would be: The present proposals far a f ree trade area ar e totally una cceptable to Greece.,;). -. I found t ha t all of them, r-1ii1isters and officials alike, were vjell and fully informed of t he nature of the current proposals. They have received and read the various papers issued by Working Party ì.'to. 17 as supplementr::---d b:r reports f rom the Greel{ delegation in Paris, a British note O.e livered after tl1e meeting with 'fi'ir. Spaak in London, anc1 a s econd British note dated 31st January, containing a copy of a memorandum wnich the United Kingdom 'Government propose to put before the O.E.E.C. Council.

- 2... 4. Their feeling is t hat t.he concept of a free trade area, including the Common T-1arket of tl1e Six, but from which a gricultural products vwul d be excluded,. ignor:-es c ompletely the needs of Greece and t he economie situation in which t hat country now finds itself. Such proposals may, t he y imagine:, have a dvantages for t he industria: ly developed countries of Euxope. For Greece, on t he contrary, t hey would be disastrous. II - THE ECONOriTC BACKGROUND 5. In arder fully to apprecia.te the reasons for the strongly a dver.se reactions of Gree:r I,1inisters and offic i als, it is necessary t :o make a rapid s ketch of the economie situation of Greece at t he present time. (I apologise in a dvance for the incomp.leteness of this picture and for any.::1:naccur.acies _which i t may coritain.)' 6. The populatiòn.of Greece is about 8 niìllion people, of whom some 55 per.cent depençì far their living an ag~icult~ure. It is difficult to j:udge of _the accuracies of published fl:gures of unemployment and under?,mployment. in Gréeée; b\1t i t: 1:s probably an underes timation t o say that at least 2 million ab.le bodìed persons are totally or partially unemployed- that'is to say probab: a third of the "active 11 population of t he.country. 7. Complete unemployment is, in general, c on centrated in t he neigl1bourhood of t he t~rban areas - it is to t hese àreas that large numbers of displaced Greeks carne from Turkey after the conclusi on of the war \'l'i t h t ha t country. (The urban area of Atl1ens, by far t he largest in tlfe country, contains about l 1/2 milli on people. - a sixth of t he total population.) In t he rura)_ areas, on the _other hand, complete unemployment is less, b ut under-employment i's. very widespread.,. 8. Althm1gh most of Greece i s mountainous and not particularly suited to grain cultivation, and despi te t.he very low rainf all, the II!?St important agric u ~t ural crop is wheat, alr of which is consumed internally. Cotton is also produced, and wit h more 1t1idespread irrigation, VJill become increasingly important. The production of citrus and other fruits is also increasing. But the traditional Greek e ~;:port crops of tabacco and currants retain t heir importance and must, for some years ~ o come, continue to b e the principal s o1...1.rces of foreign excha ne;e earnings. 9. Industriai development is, of course, proceedìng; but progr is slow mainly be.cause of la c le of capi tal. Prospects f or the future are, hov.te.v.er.,.go od. 1 l'.~1ere are many mineral resm.irce s t o be exploit e d. There is an ample, i ntelligent labour fc:irce available. E.24571

- 3 - The. greatest difficulty is the shortage of capital for investij!ent, both in industry itself, and in the necessary infrastructure of :c ommunications, etc. without which development cannot take pla.ce. - 10.. : But that is not to say that no investment is being undertalcen. On the contrary, large sums are being investeq, particularly in housing; but the government has strongly resisted a ttempts _i; o _:(inance ad di tional investment by methods -vìhi _ch would have an inflationary effect. Foreign capitai; too; is being at.tra:c.ted into a number of ent erprises, though the rate a_t wh:lch_ it is- soming -is regarded as painfu11y slow by the Greek Government. 11. Some of the new investment is being difected into the., to..,_1rist industry for whicll a considerab1e effort has been made in rece~t years. It seems probabl e t ha t this industry will be a,..~_jor foreir;n e::~change earner in the very near futureo 12. After many years of inf1ation, financial stabi1ity was, 1ari [~ e1~r achieved by Greece in 1953, and has, by dint of great èf.fort been maintained since then, The externa1 value of the -currency has remained stab1e, interna1 price rises have not, oonsidering the nature of t l1e Greek Economy, been unduly 1arge. The budget is ba1ancecl, a nè. great care is exercise d t o ensure t hat governmental spenc1i ng does not contribute to inflationary.tenden c i es. Rates of int erest are high; but t here appears to have been a 1arge and genuine increase in private saving s througn t he banl<:ing system in 1956 - a welcome indicat ion that con fidence in. t he c1.1rrency is returnin:_--: - wb:ì eh gi ves some promise t ha t 1qwer._rates may be possible in f ut ure o 13.- Exchange control is maintained over invisible and capital tr~nsactions; but quantitative restrictions on imports from O~E.E.C. countries ha ve been abo1i s l1e d. The tariff is high, particularly on goods which c ompete ciirectly with the products of Greek inqu~try. (The present tariff, w ~ i c h dates f rom 1926, contains mainly specific duties and has had t o be supplemented by a surtax. A new tariff is.being produced, and i t is hoped t o brine; i t into force this year; duties wj,_ll t hen be 1evied on an ad valorem basis.. ) Import duties previde about 30 per cent of total go';ernment revenues - about nalf of th_is comes from duti es on certain high1y taxed articles sucn as s ugar, petro1, si11<:, cof fee, tea, tobacc o a n d alcoho1ic beverages, and t ì:1e remainder f rom otì1er customs duties. 14. Tò sum up, Greece is a n ov.er-populated country ìrrith large scale unemployment. The land is, over m~ch of the area, of poor qua1ity for agricu1ture. But the main foreign c-urrency earners are sti11 tobacco and currants.. Industria1 deve1opment is in its infancy_and cannot proceed very fast without foreign investment. Loca1 industries are not at al1 protected by import quotas, but on1y by tariffs. E.. 21~571

- 4-15.-: ' In these circumbtances, the suggestion that Greece should take any part in a free trade area from vvhich agriculttrr-al prod0.èts were excluded, which makes no provision for a development :Lw"'ld t o help underdeveloped countries, and which would involve the removal within a defined period of time of the sole form of protection remaining to Greek industry, appears to the Greeks to be frankly indecent. III - CRITICISMS OF THE FREE TRADE AREA PROPOSALS 1&. The principal points on which the proposals for a Free Trade. Area, as they emerge. especially from the Report of \Jorking Party No. 17 and the British 1-~emoran dum, are criticised by Greek authori ti es may be summarised as follo'vjs. 17. Tariff reduction It is unrealistic to imagine that Greece could undertake to remove, or even substantially to reduce, her protection of _ industrial production by means of tariff (there are no quotas) within any fixed and pre- determined period. Existing industries must be cleveloped and ne w industries introduced and made efficient if Greece is to absorb ber manpower and provide a rising standard of llving for her peo;::>le. Tl1e prospect of recipro?al treatment for Gree1ç industrial exports in other Hember countries cannot be made to seem very attractive, when there are, as yet, practicallj"' no industries exporting such eoods from Greece. 18. f.loreover, this proposal appears t o ignoi'e completely the :i.nevitable dependence of underdeveloped countries on their revenue from import duties. Alternative methods of raising taxes are, ir( general, s imply not open to them. This is a factor which c.annot be overlool{ed in a country which bears a heavy defence burden. '' 19~ Agriculture The proposal that agricultural products should be excluded f~om the free trade area is particul arly repugnant to the Greeks, since over half of the population is engaged in farming. Tl:e principal Greek exports vvould receive no benefit at all from participatiort in a free trade area which was so constituted. 20. Revenue duties One of Greece's most important exports is tobacco. Greek. authoriti es feel that t :1e proposal that revenue duties should be excluce d entirely from the operation of the free trade: area is a particularly unpleasant.example of the extent to which the. f'ramers of thes'e, proposals have ignored the needs of underdeveloped E.24571

- 5 - countries in general and of Greece in particularc They note that revenue duties in t he Unitèd Kingdom are so framed as to give a n important a dvantage to Commom.Jealth producers of -v.jine a nd of tabacco, and they consider that it should be possible to envisage similar arrangemants within the O~EoE~Co area for : products which are taxed by revenue duties. 21. Development funds 'l' he Greek authori ties ha ve note d t ha t the Six envisage, in their C om.rnon H2.rket proposals, the establishment of a number of common funds d~::li:;ne d to :1>'"~ lp c o1.1ntries which may ll,ave difficultie s in cmnply:'i c.g wi. tì.l th2 reouirements of the CuP.toms Union, and to prov idc~ 2.r,5:';1.r,:t;~~:.c.n fcr t ~e c1eve lopment of c:c]::c~nd-:::: 11t overseas territoriasb If such funds are admitted to bo necessary to help countries Hhich é-~.c't=-; é3.lready in an advanced stage of 0.evelopment, hov.j much more ìr-jill they be require d to meet the needs of underdeveloped countries s --lch as Greece~ Yet the :i.nstitution of such a fund (or funds ) is not put forward in the present proposals as one of the essentia l conditions of the establishment of a free trade area within the o~e~e.c. 22. Noreover, the Greel-m feel t ha t, in g eneral, the O ee.e.c. has done far too li t t le t o help the development of i ts own f-1embers., C ountries such as Grec::ce have an enormous unfilled neec1 for longterm capit.al investment and for technical help in establishing : n~v T industries and developing their natl-onal resources. Apart from some sll,ort-term help t::.:~ough the E o P" U or i ts successor ~ the Q.E.E $C. holds out no llope of assistance t o sue h countries ~.(q.reece has not so far been able - mainly for reasons which are essential,ly of a political character - to obtain capital from the International Banlc.). 23. The Greek authorities feel this absence of any practical concern fo~ their situation on t he part of the o.e. EaC~ particularl~ l{eenly ~ because they consider that t hey have rnade a real, and ;Largely successful e fi'ort to carry out t he recorcu11endations of the Organisation, prrtict.: larl~r insofar as the a boli tion of quotas and th~ establishm<:.n<. of intei nal f:::. nanc~_al stability are concerned. N or havc: tl:;:;y e ver had recourse to credits in E.P.U. 24. Ilovement of labol-.r The Greek authorities are also critical of the absence of practical help from other O.E.E.Cn countries to s olve their population problem~ and~ in particular~ to the scant mention of this problem which is made in the papers relating to tl1e free trade area proposals. 1\lthough they are striving to find employment Eo24571

- 6 - for all their people, they can.barely keep pace as yet with the natul;'al increase in the popt:lation.. In their view, the removal of administrative barriers to the empl"oyment of Greek nationals in other countries is not enough; some more active measures to encourage ernployers and otl:.ers to tal{e steps to attract Greelc worlcers to countries in vvhich there is a shortage of manpm~er are, it seerns to t hem, long overdue. 25. Summary Thus, in t he view of Greek authorities, t hese proposals for an industriai free trade area in Europe are q'...lite unsùitable for adoption by less-developed Hember countries. The needs and legitirnate aspirations of these countries have received no consideration., \vorse, t11e proposals alrnost seern to be designed t o ensure the economie collapse of a:'ly underdeveloped country w~ich was so foolhardy as to allow itself to be induced to sub"scribe to.them. IV - POLITIC AL CONS I DERATIONS 26. These, then, are t l1e princ:i.pal criticisms P '~~ t forvmrd b~( r,1inisters and officials in 1\thens of the free trade area proposals as they see thein. The manifest unsuitability of t his scheme for _the -needs of Greece has aroused ~rave concern ~ègarding the attitude -of the other O.E.E.C. countries towards their less-. developed partners. The Organisation is regarded in Greece as a oody. designed to enable its mernbers, by rnùtual self-help, to. raise thei r standards òf living and to develop t heir economiès. The p~e~ent proposals appear to t he Greeks to be designed excl~sive:. for the benefit of t he more developed Bember countries. They.. corild not possibly benef it the others. Ihdeed, if t hey were put into practice, t hey would certainly have t~e ~ffect of wid~ning tne r.;ap between t he levels of development reached b:r the moreand the less-deyeloped r-1ember coui1tries respectively. 27~ ~he question is t herefore being asked in Athehs whèther the Iv1embers vv-ho support t hese proposals really wish to continùe the association of 17 Eriropean c ountries which has been established in o.e,e.c. \ Ihatever t he economie merits of a f ree trade area.. may be for t he developeèi r.iembel-' countrie s, are they tì.1ought tò be sufficient to outweigh the disaò.vantages for Europe as a whole of a course of action Hhic:1 'f. wuld lead to the brealc up of that economie unity which t he O.E.E. C. had begun to develop over a wider area? 28. I t. is the view of a m.1mber of t he indi viduals v.rhom I sa w t ha t, when the full nature of t l1ese proposals is more widely appreciated in Greece, there rnay be serious questioning of the desirability of attempting to continue any form of economie co-operation with the other r.j:embers of o. E. E.c. It is, in any E.24571