THESES SURVEY RECENSION DES THESES

THESES SURVEY RECENSION DES THESES I. Doctoral Theses/Th~ses de doctorat Jacques Gosselin, La ligitimnitj du contr6lejudiciaire de la constitutionnaliti des lois sous le rigime de la Charte, Universit6 Laval No abstract available/r~sum6 non disponible Alain Lemieux, L'approche sectorielle i la r~glementation des relations commerciales internationales : une application au secteur du textile et du vtement, University of Ottawa Principalement vers la fin des ann6es '50, les probl~mes rencontres dans le commerce international des textiles et des v~tements devinrent de plus en plus aigus. Aux yeux de la plupart des pays impliqu6s dans ce commerce, l'accord gdn6ral sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce s'av6rait insuffisant pour corriger ces probl~mes. Afin de pallier A cette situation, ces pays adopt~rent, au d6but des ann6es '60, un Accord h court terme sur les textiles de coton auquel se succ6deront l'accord h long terme sur les textiles de coton et h partir de 1974, l'arrangement concernant le commerce international des textiles (A.M.F.). La pr6sente these a comme objectif principal d'analyser en profondeur l'6mergence et le fonctionnement de I'A.M.F., ainsi que son application dans Fun des pays participants, soit le Canada. Cette analyse nous permettra de d6montrer que la r6glementation sectorielle propos6e par I'A.M.F. s'impose comme une solution de compromis entre le protectionnisme sauvage et la lib6- ralisation absolue et imm6diate des 6changes. Cet examen nous permettra enfin de constater que l'approche "A.M.F." a eu des influences certaines dans d'autres secteurs et surtout qu'elle s'inscrit dans cette tendance accrue la sp6cialisation du droit international 6conomique. *** Problems found in the international clothing and textile industry became increasingly acute towards the end of the 1950s. Most countries involved in this trade did not find that the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade sufficiently dealt with these problems, thus to remedy this situation they adopted a short-

1504 McGILL LAW JOURNAL [Vol. 36 term agreement with respect to cotton in the early 1960s, followed by a longterm agreement, and finally, in 1974, the Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles. The principal objective of this thesis is to provide an in-depth analysis of the emergence and operation of the Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles, as well as its application in Canada, one of its participating countries. This analysis will demonstrate that the regulation proposed by the Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles is the appropriate solution with its compromise between protectionism and total liberalisation of trade. Finally, this study will show how the Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles approach has been influential in other areas and how it follows the tendency towards increased specialization in international economic law. Hashem Jaber, The Remedies Regime Under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, University of Ottawa In 1980, a diplomatic conference sponsored by the United Nations in Vienna adopted the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (the Convention). The Convention entered into force in January 1988. The adoption of the Convention is an important step in the greater harmonization of the private law branches of international trade law. The thesis introduces the remedies available to parties in the international sale of goods under the Convention and compares these remedies with those available under Egyptian, English and French law in order to reveal some of the effects the Convention may have on traders involved in international sales. The thesis concludes that (1) the Convention should serve as a useful initial step in the unification of international trade law if proper attention is given to its general principles and drafting history; (2) the Convention's remedial provisions serve the needs of international trade participants better than existing law; (3) the Convention's remedial provisions correspond more to international trade practice than do those of the selected domestic laws and are simple, clear, and easy for the international traders and their lawyers to understand, and (4) the Convention contains a unique system of remedies that is similar in some respects and different in many others from the remedies regimes of the domestic laws under consideration. * * *

1991] THESIS SURVEY 1505 En 1980, une conf6rence diplomatique tenue A Vienne sous l'6gide des Nations Unies adopta la Convention des Nations Unies sur les contrats de vente intemationale de marchandises. La Convention entra en vigueur en janvier 1988. L'adoption de la Convention constitue une 6tape importante dans l'harmonisation accrue des composantes de droit priv6 du droit commercial international. La these presente les recours disponsibles aux parties t des ventes internationales de marchandises en vertu de la Convention, et les compare aux recours disponsibles en droit 6gyptien, anglais et frangais. Cette pr6sentation a pour objectif de d6voiler certains des effets que la Convention peut avoir sur les commergants impliqu6s h une vente internationale. L'auteur de la these tire les conclusions suivantes : (1) la Convention devrait s'av6rer utile en tant que premiere dtape dans l'unification du droit commercial international, si 1'attention appropri6e est accord6e ses principes g6n6raux et A l'historique de sa r6daction ; (2) les recours disponibles en vertu de la Convention servent mieux les besoin du commerce international que le droit actuel ; (3) les recours disponsibles en vertu de la Convention correspondent davantage A la pratique du commerce international que celles des droits nationaux, et s'av~rent simples, clairs et faciles h comprendre; (4) la Convention comporte un syst6me de recours semblable certains 6gards et different bien d'autres des recours en vertu des droits nationaux. Jinyan Li, Taxation and Tax Policy In China, Osgoode Hall Law School The Chinese tax system is probably the most ancient and also the most recent in the world. Records of land taxes in China go back almost four thousand years. Yet when the People's Republic of China was declared in 1949, the tax system had almost completely broken down, a result of several decades of continual warfare. One of the first acts of the new government was to abolish the laws of the former Nationalist regime so, at the end of 1949, it could be said that China was virtually without a tax system. The following thirty years saw massive changes in the economic, political, and social life of China - changes that were reflected in the country's tax system. New taxes were introduced almost immediately, in 1950, and these taxes grew, and then contracted, in step with the other changes to affect the country. BY the time of the death of Mao Zedong, in 1976, the state had come to control, directly or indirectly, almost every aspect of the country's economic life. The countryside was organized into people's communes, and in the towns practically all manufacturing and commerce were conducted by enterprises owned or con-

1506 REVUE DE DROIT DE McGILL [Vol. 36 trolled by the state. State enterprises accounted to the state for their profits. The only tax of any real importance was a form of turnover tax. Since almost all of the businesses that paid this tax also handed over their profits to the state, it was seriously questioned whether a tax system was needed at all. The situation altered dramatically with the introduction of economic reforms, commencing at the end of 1978. Foreign-owned enterprises were encouraged to establish joint ventures in China, and foreigners came to manage them and to do business. State enterprises were given greater control over their funds, smaller enterprises were "re-collectivized" or leased to collectives or to individuals, and individuals were encouraged to establish their own businesses. All of these developments necessitated fundamental changes in the tax system, with the result that the present system is almost entirely the product of the past ten years. Indeed, tax reform has been such an integral, and essential, part of the process of economic reform that no study of the one may be made without regard to the other. In this thesis, I have attempted to describe and analyze China's tax laws and tax policies within the general context of the current economic reforms. Chapter 1 summarizes the evolution of the Chinese tax system from the 21 century B.C. to the present a historical overview of the tax development. Chapter 2 deals with taxes on goods and services, and explains why such taxes are important in a socialist economy. Chapter 3 discusses individual income taxes and their distinctive features compared to those in other countries. Chapter 4 describes the taxes on domestic enterprises and how they interact with the nature of state, collective and private enterprises. Chapter 5 analyzes tax laws and treaties concerning foreign business and investment. Chapters 6 and 7 are devoted to the discussion of agriculture tax and local taxes. Finally, Chapter 8 evaluates the current system of taxation based on the well accepted criteria in the West, and speculates on the prospects of future reforms. Le syst~me fiscal chinois est probablement A la fois le plus ancien et le plus r6cent au monde. En Chine, les registres de taxes fonci~res remontent pros de quatre mille ans. Toutefois, lorsque la Rdpublique populaire de Chine fut proclamre en 1949, le syst~me fiscal s'6tait presque compl~tement effondr6, ht cause de plusieurs drcennies de guerre continue. Un des premiers actes du nouveau gouvernement fut d'abolir les lois du rdgime Nationaliste precedent, de telle sorte qu'on peut affirmer qu' la fin de 1949 la Chine se trouvait pratiquement sans syst~me fiscal. Les trentes annres qui suivirent tdmoignent des changements massifs dans la vie 6conomique, politique et sociale de la Chine - ces changements se refl6- taient dans le syst~me fiscal du pays. De nouvelles taxes furent introduites presque immrdiatement en 1950, et ces taxes augment~rent puis diminu~rent

1991] RECENSION DES THtSES 1507 conform6ment aux autres changements qui affectaient le pays. A la mort de Mao Zedong en 1976, l'ttat avait, directement ou indirectement, progressivement r6ussi contr6ler presque tous les aspects de 6conomie chinoise. La campagne 6tait organis6 en communes populaires, et dans les villes pratiquement toutes les manufactures et commerces 6taient dirig6s par des entreprises appartenant h l'ttat ou control6s par celui-ci. Les entreprises d'etat rendaient compte A. 'IEtat de leurs profits. La seule taxe de quelqu'importance rfelle que se soit 6tait une sorte de taxe de remise. Puisque presque toutes les entreprises payant cette taxe c6daient aussi leurs profits h l'etat, on s'est s6rieusement questionn6 sur la pertinence de ce syst~me fiscal. La situation changea de mani~re dramatique avec l'introduction de r6formes 6conomiques d~s la fin de 1978. Les entreprises 6trang~res furent encourag6es A 6tablir des co-entreprises en Chine, et des 6trangers vinrent les g6rer entreprendre des affaires. On laissa plus de libert6 aux entreprises d'ttat vis-a-vis de leurs fonds, les plus petites entreprises furent << re-collectivis6es> ou lou6es h des associations collectives on A des individus, et les individus furent encourag6s h lancer leurs propres entreprises. Des changements drastiques dans le syst~me fiscal 6taient n6cessaires pour que de tels d6roulements se produisent. En somme, le syst~me qui existe pr6sentement est en grande partie le fruit de ces dix demi~res ann~es. En effet, la r6forme fiscale est une partie int6grante et essentielle du processus de r6forme economique A tel point qu'aucune 6tude de l'un ne peut se faire sans se r6f6rer A l'autre. Cette these est un essai de description et d'analyse des lois et politique fiscales de la Chine dans le contexte g6n6ral des r6formes 6conomiques actuelles. Le premier chapitre r6sume l'6volution du syst~me fiscal chinois du vingt-etuni~me si~cle avant J6sus Christ jusqu'h aujourd'hui. Le deuxi~me chapitre traite des taxes sur les biens et services, et justifie l'importance de telles taxes dans une 6conomie socialiste. Le troisi~me chapitre discute des imp6ts sur le revenu individuel et de ses caract6ristiques par rapport h celles d'autres pays. Le quatrime chapitre d6crit les taxes sur les entreprises domestiques et leur mode d'interaction eu 6gard A la nature d'entreprises tant d'etat, que collectives, que priv6es. Le cinqui~me chapitre analyse les lois fiscales et les trait6s fiscaux qui concernent les entreprises 6trang~res et l'investissement. Les sixi~me et septi~me chapitres traitent de taxes agricoles et locales. Finalement, le huiti~me chapitre 6value le syst~me fiscal actuel en fonction de crit~res bien 6tablis A l'ouest, et sp6cule quant aux possibilit6s de r6forme futures.

1508 McGILL LAW JOURNAL [Vol. 36 Mohammed Oudebji, La stabilisation des prix du cafg et son ncessaire dipassement par des mesures de diveloppement, Universit6 Laval No abstract available/rtsum6 non disponible Dianne Saxe, Environmental Justice, The Corporation and the Corporate Executive, Osgoode Hall Law School What contribution can prosecution make to environmental protection? Many acts and omissions which only recently were considered to be standard business practice now constitute environmental offences. In general, major environmental offences are characterized by pervasive uncertainty. It is difficult to define compliance, and difficult to achieve compliance. In order to achieve the policy goals of environmental protection, corporations must be induced to make major investments of their resources. Earlier studies emphasized the many drawbacks of excessive reliance on prosecution to achieve regulatory goals, including a well-founded reluctance of regulators to use prosecution vigorously. An examination of recent changes by Ontario's environmental regulators demonstrates that much can be done to make prosecution an effective part of a regulatory program. In particular, it is possible to design a prosecution strategy which does motivate corporations to invest in compliance with environmental statutes. This motivation is particularly intense if corporate executives face personal prosecution. Existing Canadian law can be interpreted as permitting personal prosecution of officers and directors in a wide variety of cases. However, Ontario's increased investment in prosecution has not become as effective in achieving the goals of environmental protection as it could be. The major remaining weaknesses in Ontario's enforcement strategy are a lack of precision in defining the behaviour (i.e. the level of "compliance") which is demanded of business, failure to reward desirable behaviour, and over-use of the criminal model of prosecution as an automatic response to violations. In order to reward desirable behaviour, we must be able to identify it. This is one of the major functions of the judicially created defence of due diligence. Due diligence encourages corporations and their executives to invest in environmental compliance, because it assists them to predict the level of investment required, and to rely on that investment to purchase a valuable commodity, namely protection from conviction. At the same time, it is the interpretation of

1991] THESIS SURVEY 1509 due diligence which defines the level of investment in environmental compliance which prosecution can logically induce. A new approach to due diligence is proposed, focusing on the methodical process of exercising it. In addition, it is proposed that the scope of due diligence should be broadened, by incorporation of the growing concept of a right to a healthy environment, and by creation of a new fiduciary duty owed to future generations to leave the natural environment better than it was when we received it. Taking all of these factors into account, a Model Enforcement Policy is proposed. Quelle contribution la poursuite pfnale peut-elle apporter A la protection de 1'environnement? Nombre d'actes et d'omissions, qui jusqu'h maintenant n'6taient consid6- r~s que comme pratique commerciale courante, constitutent A pr6sent des infractions contre 1'environnement. En g~ndral, les infractions contre 1'environnement majeurs sont caractdrisds par une incertitude g6nfralisfe. II est difficile de dffinir ce qu'est la conformit6, et aussi difficile de l'atteindre. Les entreprises doivent etre incitfes h investir leurs ressources h une 6chelle tr~s importante, afin d'atteindre les objectifs de politique en mati~re de protection de l'environnement. Des 6tudes antfrieures mettaient 1'accent sur les nombreuses d6savantages que prfsentait une ddpendance excessive sur des poursuites judiciaires pour atteindre les objectifs r~glementaires ainsi qu'une reticence bien fond6e des rfgulateurs h utiliser energiquement la poursuite judiciaire. Un examen de changements rfcents, effectu6 par les rfgulateurs en mati~re d'environnement de l'ontario, montre qu'il existe de nombreuses possibilitfs pour intdgrer efficacement les poursuites judiciaires h un programme de r~glementation. I est notamment possible de concevoir une stratfgie de poursuite judiciaire qui motive les entreprises h investir dans la conformit6 avec les lois environnementales. La loi canadienne pr~sentement en vigueur peut 6tre interprdt~e comme permettant la poursuite judiciaire titre personelle des officiers et directeurs dans un grand nombre de cas. Toutefois, 1'augmentation des investissements dans ce genre de poursuite, pour atteindre les buts fixds en mati~re de protection de l'environnement, ne s'est pas avdr6 aussi efficace qu'il le pourrait. Les plus importantes faiblesses qui subsistent dans la strat6gie ontarienne pour les mesures d'application de la loi sont les suivantes: un manque de pr&cision dans la definition du comportement exig6 de 1'entreprise (c'est A dire le niveaux de conformit6), l'absence de

1510 REVUE DE DROIT DE McGILL [Vol. 36 recompense pour un comportement souhaitable, et l'usage excessif du module de poursuite criminel comme rdponse automatique aux violations. Pour rdcompenser un comportement souhaitable, il est avant tout n~cessaire de pouvoir l'identifier. C'est une des principales fonctions de la cr6ation judiciaire de defense fondde sur la diligence raisonnable. La diligence raisonnable encourage les corporations et leurs cadres investir dans la conformit6 avec les normes environnementales, puisque cela les aide A prdvoir le niveau d'investissement ndcessaire, et h utiliser cet investissement pour l'achat d'un bien de grande valeur, soit une protection contre d'6ventuelles condamnations. De plus, c'est l'interprdtation de la diligence raisonnable qui d6finit le niveau d'investissement dans le respect des normes environnementales, qu'une poursuite de se genre peut logiquement impliquer. Une nouvelle fagon de concevoir la diligence raisonnable est propos~e, centrde sur le procd6 mdthodique de son application. De plus, on sugg~re que la portde de la diligence raisonnable soit 61argie, d'une part incluant un concept en d6velopement du droit A un environnement sain, et d'autre part grace t la crdation d'une nouvelle obligation fiduciaire envers les gdndrations I venir, afin de laisser notre environnement naturel dans un meilleur 6tat que celui dans lequel on l'a trouv6. Un module de mesure d'application est propos6 en tenant compte de tous ces facteurs. II. Master Theses/Mdmoires de maitrise Jennie Abell, Bringing It All Back Home: Feminist Struggle, Feminist Theory and Feminist Engagement With Law, The Case of Wife Battering, Osgoode Hall Law School Elobaid Ahmed Elobaid, International Obligations Under the Sudanese Legal System: The Case of Human Rights Obligations, University of Saskatchewan John Akpalu, Enforcing the African Charter on Human and People's Rights: An Analysis of the Legal and Institutional Framework, Dalhousie University Mohammed Al-Ajaji, The League of Arab States and the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights, University of British Columbia Eric Apps, Managing Canadian-American Economic Relations After Free Trade: Reforming Dispute Resolution and Import Relief Measures, University of Toronto Transform Aqorau, Tuna Management and UNCLOS: Implementation of UNCLOS Through the Forum Fisheries Agency, University of British Columbia

1991] RECENSION DES THESES Jean-Pierre Bergeron, Quelques considgrations essentielles mais peu connues de la diduction privue a l'article 18(1) de la Loi de l'impbt sur le revenu, Universit6 Laval Georg Berrisch, The application of the concept of "common heritage of humankind" to the protection of the global environment: one response of public international law to global environmental threats, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Pierre Bienvenue, La procfdure d'accrditation syndicale au Quebec, University of Ottawa Matthias Birkholz, Blame it on the Flow Chart? ReThinking Corporate Criminal Law, University of Toronto Gr6goire Bisson, La protection de la criation vestimentaire: etude d'une application problimatique des droits intellectuels, University of Ottawa Richard Bouchard, The Confession Rule - Dalhousie University Conflicting Interests and Values, Anne-Marie Brunet, 1tude de la ligitimit6 des limites a la libert6 d'expression dans l'entreprise, Universit6 Laval Jean Buchanan, Fisheries Management in the South Pacific, Dalhousie University David Bulger, Chancellor Blake: Reason, Principle and Justice 1849-1859, University of Toronto Andrew Butler, Constitutional Rights in Private Litigation, Osgoode Hall Law School Suzanne Byrne, Making Polluters Liable for Damages to the Marine Ecology, Dalhousie University Sedfrey Candelaria, State Responsibility and International Financial Obligations: A Case Study of the International Monetary Fund Stand-By Arrangements with Developing Country Members, University of British Columbia Frances Carnerie-Fazackerley, Nurses' Duties and Rights Arising Out of the Provision of Care to Persons Infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Osgoode Hall Law School Peter John Carver, Millar v. Taylor (1769) and the New Property of the Eighteenth Century, University of British Columbia Mich~le Charpentier, L'intervention du droit dans le domaine de la prgvention, Universit6 de Sherbrooke

1512 McGILL LAW JOURNAL [Vol. 36 Saara Chetner, Access to Reproductive Technologies: An Analysis of Legal and Policy Issues, University of Toronto Gerald Chipeur, The Abolition of the Crown Prerogative of Priority by Section 15 of the Charter, University of Alberta Legis- Shirish Pundit Chotalia, Information Protection in the Computer Age - lative Solutions to Practical Problems, University of Alberta Maurice Cloutier, Les conseils d'arbitrage selon la Loi sur l'assurancemaladie, Universit6 Laval James Cooke, Co-Authorship: A Communitarian Interpretation of 'Freedom of Association', University of Toronto Ven Da Re, Multiculturalism, Linguistic Dualism and the Distinct Society: Unresolved Community Issues Under the Canadian Constitution or Journeying Meech Lake into a Heart of Darkness, University of Toronto Jacques David, La notion de services essentiels en droit canadien, Universit6 de Montr6al Eric Del Junco, Irreconcilable Differences: A Contribution to the Critique of Bourgeois Labour Law, Osgoode Hall Law School Robert Derosier, The Impact of the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement on Canadian Agricultural Policies and Programs, Queen's University Rosie Dimopoulos, The Role of the International Patent System in the Transfer of Technology to Developing Countrie with Particular Reference to Pharmaceutical Patents and Compulsory, University of Ottawa Michel Dubois, La protection du candidat h l'embauche contre les abus de l'examen midical: l'impuissance du droit, Universit6 de Sherbrooke Christianne Dubreuil, Le timoignage des enfants en droit pinal et en droit civil, Universit6 de Montr6al Jacques Dufour, R~flexions sur la protection des sources confidentielles d'information et du matiriel journalistique, Universit6 Laval Suzanne Egan, The Rights of Asylum and the Principle of Non-Refoulement in International Law, Osgoode Hall Law School Ebele Ene, Joint Ventures and the Regulation of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria, University of Toronto Yves F6vrier, Les agences de presse internationales dans le nouvel ordre mondial de l'information: une 6tude critique, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Oonagh Fitzgerald, The Guilty Plea and Summary Justice, University of Ottawa

1991] THESIS SURVEY 1513 Shawn Flynn, Respecting Religion and Conscience Under the Charter, University of Ottawa Pierre Fortin, Artificial space debris and international law, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Elaine Geddes, Alberta Labour Legislation Under the Social Credit Government 1935-1947, University of Alberta Fabien G61inas, La division judiciaire des effets de la loi dans l'adjudication constitutionnelle au Canada, Universitd de Montr6al Peter German, Confiscating the Proceeds of Crime: The Amendments to Canada's Criminal Code, Their Force and Effect, University of British Columbia Mahmoud Ghonaim, The legal aspects of aviation finance in developing countries, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Dominique Goubau, Le droit des grands-parents aux relations personnelles avec leurs petits-enfants: une itude comparative des syst~mes quibicois, fran- Vais et belge, Universit6 Laval George Goulet, A Comparative Analysis of Constitutional Aspects of Securities Regulation in Canada and Australia, University of Toronto George Gratjios, Airport noise pollution: legal aspects, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Stephen Hadley, Revolting Judicial Behaviour? The European Court of Justice, University of Alberta Paule Halley, La loi fidirale sur les p~ches et son rigime pinal de protection environmentale, Universit6 Laval Andrew Harakas, Aviation insurance: a New York perspective, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Angela Harding, Banks of Retailers of Financial and Investment Advice, University of Toronto Stefanus Haryanto, Towards Environmentally Sound Management of Hazardous Wastes in Indonesia: An Overview of International Law and North American Practices, Dalhousie University Adil Atieya Hassan Basha, The Concept of Insurable Interest Under English, North American and Sudanese Law: A Comparative Study, University of Saskatchewan Elizabeth Heffernan, Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones and International Law, Dalhousie University

1514 REVUE DE DROIT DE McGILL [Vol. 36 Michael Hirt, The constitutions of Italy, the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States in relation to Article 22 of the Warsaw Convention, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Susan Hodgson, Compensation Dilemmas: Anticipanting Scientific Advance or Perpetuating Scientif7c Myth, University of Toronto Lisbet Holm, EEC regulation of extra-national traffic in air, maritime and road transport, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Katherine Hough, Enforcement of Environmental Laws: A Model for Change, University of Toronto Sukanda Husin, National and International Laws for Heavy Industrial Air Pollution with Emphasis on the North American and Indonesian Regimes, Dalhousie University Marie E. John, The Shareholders' Buy-Sell Agreement in the Canadian Close Corporation, University of Ottawa Ralf E. Juergens, Equality and gay rights in the United States and in Canada, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Gaytri Kachroo, Children, violence and the law, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill, University Val6rie Kayser, Legal aspects of private launch services in the United States, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Marlee Kline, Child Welfare Law, Ideology and the First Nations, Osgoode Hall Law School Andrzej Kowalski, Beyond Rule-Based Legal Expert Systems: Using Frames and Case-Based Reasoning to Analyze the Tort of Malicious Prosecution, University of British Columbia Luc Labelle, Le conflit d'intiret contractuel en droit municipal qudbgcois, University of Ottawa Eric Lagerberg, Conflicts of laws in private international air law, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Jean Leclair, Interprtation entre le droit privifidgral et le droit civil provincial: la loi sur les lettres de change, Universit6 de Montr6al Frangois Leduc, Le dumping az la lumibre des accords du Gatt et de la Loi des mesures spiciales d'importation, Universit6 de Montr6al Louis Lemire, Protection of Trade Union Freedom of Association under the International Labour Organisation and under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, University of Ottawa

1991) RECENSION DES THESES 1515 Andreas S. Loewenstein, European air transport within the international system of air regulation, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University A. Craig Lvgren, How to amend a statute: The drafting and interpretation of amending legislation, University of Ottawa Frank Luce, A History of Labour Law in Angola, University of Toronto Syamsul Maarif, Environmentally sound planning legislation in Canada and Indonesia, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Steven MacDonald, Existing and Prospective International Legal Constraints on the Military Use of Outer Space, University of Ottawa Yveline Martin, La ditermination du lien causal dans les cas de maladies dont l'ithiologie est inconnue: infirences, probabilit~s et ipidgimiologie, Universit6 de Sherbrooke Jacinthe Mercier, Le processus judiciaire en mati~re de protection de la jeunesse: t la recherche d'un mod~le, Universit6 de Montr6al Yvette Michaud, The Lawyer's Peculiar Ethical Orientation, Dalhousie University Richard Morneau, La libertd de presse: la protection des sources d'information et du matiriel journalistique, University of Ottawa Elizabeth Mrema, Africa and its Maritime Boundaries: A Study of Maritime Boundary Delimitation Problems in Africa, Dalhousie University Ga6tan Nadeau, Le continuum juridique propre aux nouvelles technologies dans le domaine bancaire, Universit6 de Montreal Robert Newton, Retroactive and Retrospective Legislation and the Rule of Law, University of Ottawa Eric Nicod~me, Les interventions de i'arbitre dans le processus d'adaptation d'un contrat international, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Brian Norton, Domestic Violence: Law and its Administration, Dalhousie University Surapol Onoora, The bill of lading as a document of title: right of action under the Bills of Lading Act 1855, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Patricia Oton-Oliviera, Childbirth by Cesarean Section: Legal Issues and Implications, University of Toronto Isabelle Panisset, L'innovation m~dicale et la pratique: aspects juridiques et applications, Universit6 de Sherbrooke Elizabeth Paton, Privacy Law and the Media, University of British Columbia

1516 McGILL LAW JOURNAL [Vol. 36 Daniel Payette, L'exigence professionnellejustifiie au sens de l'article 20 de la Charte des droits et libertis de la personne, Universit6 de Montr6al Helen Pierre, Extrinsic Aids of the Interpretation of Statutes, University of Ottawa Alessandro Pizzino, EEC air transportation law and its implications for the member states: focus on Italy, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Mario Provost, Le mauvais traitement de l'enfant; perspectives historiques et comparatives de la ligislation sur la protection de lajeunesse, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Susan Radke, Pre-Trial Publicity and the Criminal Justice System, University of Alberta Marie-Noflle Rimaud, Canada-France: Les interventions nationales dans le domaine de l'audiovisuel, Universit6 Laval Stefan Rizor, Extraterritoriality of export controls, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Rex Kenneth Rosales, Legal aspects of asset based aircraft financing, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Andrea Rowe, Assimilation Through Accommodation: Practice, Rhetoric and Decisions in the Territorial Court of the Northwest Territories, 1955-1972, University of Toronto Stuart Russell, National Security in Canada: A Critical Perspective of the State's Talisman, University of Ottawa Bonaventure Rutinwa, Management and Settlement of Industrial Disputes in Tanzania, Queen's University William J. Sammon, The Ontario Child and Family Services Act: Maintaining the Balance Between Competing Rights, University of Ottawa Norman C. Sasamori, Forum non conveniens: foreign plaintiffs and U.S. aviation litigation, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Emmanuelle Saucier, Le r~glement des diffirends en mati~re de dumping et de subventionnement a la lumire de l'accord de libre-dchange canado-am6ricain, Universit6 de Montr6al Charlotta Schlyter, Aids and Aid-in-Dying: The Impact of Aids on the Debate over Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide and Cessation of Treatment, University of Toronto

1991] THESIS SURVEY 1517 Robin Sharma, From Small Acorns do Large Oaks Grow: The Rise of Alternative Dispute Resolution in Canada, Dalhousie University Neil F. Sharpe, Genetic Counselling: The Duty of Care, Queen's University a critical evalu- Uri Shavit, The Montreal Protocol of February 24th, 1988 - ation, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Pierre Sigrist, Standby Letters of Credit and Fraud, University of British Columbia Ellen Sithole, Access to Justice for the Poor in Zimbabwe: A Law Reform Proposal, Osgoode Hall Law School Doroth6 Sossa, Techniques et moyens juridiques internationaux de lutte contre la corruption politique (avec rifirence spiciale t l'afrique subsaharienne, University of Ottawa Diane St-Arnaud, La mise-en oeuvre en droit canadien des riglementations et conventions internationales en mati~re de tel6communications spatiales, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University John Stanton-Ife, The Practice has to Speak For Itself. Right Answers and Disagreement in Legal Theory, University of Toronto John Sutherland, The Role of Crown Counsel: Advocate or Minister of Justice?, University of Toronto Florence Tartanson, Les risques de diveloppement dans la responsabilitj des fabricants. 1,tude comparative, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Pravir Tesiram, The Law of Personal Property Security in New Zealand, University of Toronto Jitendra S. Thaker, The regulation of non-scheduled air services under bilateral air transport agreements, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Sabine Thuilleaux, Aspects comparis des rigimes juridiques de l'arbitrage au Quibec et en France: droit interne et droit international privi, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Renata Trottmann Bischof, Regulation of insider trading: problems and solutions in the United States and Switzerland, Institute of Comparative Law, McGill University Fauz Twaib, Towards a Humanitarian Approach: An Enquiry into the Nature and Function of International Refugee Law, Queen's University

1518 REVUE DE DROIT DE McGILL [Vol. 36 Carolyn Vincent, From ORAS to Regional Boards: The Evolution of the Regional Role in the Administration on Health and Social Services, Universit6 de Sherbrooke Ian Violet, The Allocation of Responsibility for the Maintenance of the Single Parent Family, University of British Columbia Gilles Voyer, Le consentement subrogd aux soins thirapeutiques du majeur, Universit6 de Sherbrooke Weimin Wang, 1603(b) of the United States Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 and State-Owned Corporations from the People's Republic of China, University of Ottawa Ian Ward, Law, Philosophy and National Socialism, University of Toronto Kevin Wasson, Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade Within Canada, University of Toronto Kenneth Watkin, Canadian Military Justice: Summary Proceedings and the Charter, Queen's University Donna White, Benthamite Utilitarianism and Law Reform in Canada: A Criminal Law Perspective, University of Ottawa Mark Wilson, Shareholding in China, University of Toronto Yao Yuan Xia, Reconciliation of Non-Market Economies: GATT Trade Rules, University of British Columbia Archie Zariski, The Dispute Over Dispute Resolution: A Study in the Dialectics of Law and Economics, Osgoode Hall Law School Catherine A. Zuzak, Liability for breaches of aviation security obligations: a Canadian perspective, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University