INCAMAKE Y ICEGERANYO C IVYARANGUWE HAMWE N INGENE AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU KARI KIFASHE MU MWAKA W I 2013

INCAMAKE Y ICEGERANYO C IVYARANGUWE HAMWE N INGENE AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU KARI KIFASHE MU MWAKA W I 2013 BUJUMBURA, RUHESHI 2014 1

UMURWI W IGIHUGU WIGENGA UJEJWE AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU ICEGERANYO C IVYARANGUWE MU MWAKA W 2013 HAMWE N UKUNTU AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU KARI KIFASHE Nyakwuhahwa Mukuru w Inama Nshingamateka, Ba Nyakwubahwa mugize ibiro vy Inama Nshingamateka, Ba Nyakwubahwa Bashingamateka b Uburundi, 0. INTANGAMARARA Abagize Umurwi w Igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu barahimbawe n ugusubira kuza hano muri ino ngoro isasamwo abatowe n abanyagihugu ngo babaserukire, ari naho twarahiriye gutunganiriza igihugu igenekerezo rya 7 Ruheshi mu mwaka w 2011. Turabaramukije amahoro dukenguruka ikaze mwaduhaye n umwizero igikorwa nk iki kiremesha mu gihugu. Nk uko twabigize mu myaka iheze, twagomba gushikiriza icegeranyo c ivyo Umurwi w Igihugu Wigenga Ujejwe Agateka ka Zina Muntu waranguye mu mwaka w i 2013 hamwe n ukuntu twabonye agateka ka zina muntu kari kifashe mu bice bimwe bimwe. Ivyo tubikora twisunze indinganizo y itegeko rigenga uno murwi mu ngingo zaryo za 6, agace ka 6 hamwe na 35. Ihangiro twamanye kuva uno murwi ugitangura ikivi riguma ari rya rindi. Turajwe ishinga n ukubona : «Uburundi ari igihugu cubahiriza amateka agenga zina muntu, giteza imbere akarangamutima runtu m imico kama myiza, kikaba cishingira inzego zubakira vyose kw iyubahirizwa ry agateka ka zina muntu.» Iki cegeranyo dushikirije uno musi kigizwe n ibihimba bibiri : Igice ca mbere gica ku mayange ivyo uyu murwi waranguye mu bijanye n ugukingira agateka ka zina muntu, mu bijanye n ugukaburira Abarundi n ukubigisha iyubahirizwa ry agateka ka zina muntu, hamwe n ibijanye n ibanga ryo guhanura inzego za Leta. Muri ico gice ca mbere ni naho dushikiriza ibijanye n ugukomeza umurwi mu gukorana ubuhinga hamwe n ugukarisha ubwenge, ivyerekeye uburyo baturonkeje ngo turangure ibanga twashinzwe hamwe n ivyerekeye ukwunga imigenderanire n izindi nzego canke ayandi mashirahamwe. Igice ca kabiri gishikiriza ivyo umurwi washitseko uriko uriga imyitwarariko imwe imwe ijanye n ukuntu ivy agateka ka zina muntu vyari vyifashe ku bibazo bimwe bimwe. Mu vyo dushikiraza, twisunga ivyategekanijwe n itegeko N 1/ 04 ryo ku wa 5 Nzero 2011 ritugenga mu vyo ryadushinze, umuntu afatiye ko ngingo zaryo za 4, 5 na 6. Ivyo twaranguye vyose vyadusaba gukorana ubwitonzi n uguhwebuza bikwiye. Ni naco gituma ivyo icegeranyo gishikiriza ari bike ugereranije n ibiba mu gihugu cose. Gutohoza neza ibibera mu gihugu cose vyosaba uburyo bwinshi tudafise. Ariko ivyo 2

ntibibuza ko ivyo twakoreyeko tugashikiriza bitanga inyigisho ishobora kumurikira igihugu. 0.1. Ibitatworohereje n ivyatugoye Ntitwoshikiriza kino cegeranyo tutabwiye Abashingamateka, igihugu n amakungu ibitatworohereje n ivyatugoye kuko bigira ingaruka ku mwimbu w umurwi. Ivyatugoye nka vyose bishingiye ku mafaranga make bahaye umurwi, ivyo bigatuma umurwi utaronka abakozi bakwiye n ibikoresho bikwiye. Ingingo ya 28 ya rya tegeko rigenga umurwi ivuga ko umurwi ufise ubunyamabanga bugizwe n ibice vyose bikenewe, ariko twasanze amafaranga Leta iha umurwi ashobora guhemba ica gatatu c abasangirakivi umurwi wari ukeneye. Ni naco gituma nk ubu umurwi wuguruje ibiro vy abawuserukira mu ntara zitatu gusa : Makamba, Gitega et Ngozi. Makamba ica itegerezwa gukurikirana ibibera mu ntara za Bururi na Rutana, Gitega igakurikira ibibera mu ntara za Karuzi, Mwaro, Ruyigi na Cankuzo ; Ngozi na yo ikaraba Kayanza, Muyinga na Kirundo. Ivyo ntivyoroha na rirya dutakwa n abari mu gihugu cose. Ikindi kitugoye n uko uburyo bwo kwiyungurza ari buke cane kandi dutegerezwa kubanguka nk abapolisi. N imiduga BNUB yari yadufashishije aho bagabanirije abakozi babo ubu yarashaje rwose kandi gutohoza ivy ihohoterwa rya kiremwa muntu bisaba kubanguka ivyemezo bitarazimangana kandi umuntu akabihinyuza abiciye irya n ino. Ikindi kiduteye umwitwarariko ni uko amafaranga yo mw ibwirizwa rishinga uburyo Leta ikoresha ku mwaka, ayo Umurwi wagiye uraronswa kuva ukijaho agenda agabanuka uko umwaka utashe. Ivyo birafise ingaruka ku bikorwa. Umurwi wari ukiri mushasha kandi wari ukeneye gukwira mu gihugu ku neza y abanyagihugu bose. Ivyo bisaba ko turonka abakozi bakerebutse kandi bakwiye. Mu ndinganizo y intumbero bise «Principes de Paris» zigenga yene iyi mirwi baravuga bashimitse ko Leta ariyo itegerezwa guha uburyo bukwiye umurwi wayo ku bijanye n imishahara, ibikorwa vya misi yose hamwe n ibikoresho 1. 0.2. Ivyafashije umurwi : 1 Le budget de l Etat alloué à la CNIDH pour l exercice 2013 équivalait à 900.000.000 de Francs burundais. D autres partenaires comme l Ambassade de France au Burundi a financé le projet «Appui au programme d'actions stratégiques 2013-2015» à hauteur de 100.000 euros sur la période allant de 2012-2014. La Coopération suisse a appuyé le projet «Recevoir, traiter et archiver les plaintes pour un meilleur respect des droits humains au Burundi» sur la période d octobre 2013 à décembre 2014 à raison de 75.000 CHF. Le PNUD sur la période de Août à décembre 2013 a financé la «Réalisation de certaines activités du plan de travail 2013 de l'axe Gouvernance et Etat de droit à hauteur de 20.918USD. Un autre financement équivalent à 22.385.000 FBU a été reçu de l UNICEF pour la période d avril à juin 2013 dans le cadre de la «Sensibilisation des rapatriés et des résidents sur le cadre légal et institutionnel du Burundi». 3

Naho ibitatworohereje bitabuze, umurwi warashoboye kuronka ivyafashije. Mu kurangura amabanga ujejwe, umurwi wamye uronka abawushigikira, baba Abarundi canke abanyamahanga. Ni naco gituma dukenguruka ukuntu Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguza mateka zidushigiye. Turakengurukira n izindi nzego nk urw icegera ca mbere n urw icegera ca kabiri c umukuru w igihugu, izindi nzego za leta nk ibiro bishinzwe iperereza, igipolisi, Ubushikirangaji bujejwe gushigikirana, agateka ka zina muntu n ukudakumirana, inzego zo mu bushikiranganzi bw ubutungane, ubushikiranganji bujejwe inyigisho n indero, ubushikiranganji bw intwaro yo hagati mu gihugu n inzego zabwo mu ntara no mu makomine, ubushikiranganji bwo kwivuna abansi n ugutegekaniriza abahoze ku rugamba, eka n izindi nzego zose za leta. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu uriko urakora ukwo ushoboye kwose ngo ubandanye uja inama n ingingo n urwego rw umuhuza w Abarundi kuko amabanga izo nzego zibiri zijejwe aja inzira imwe kandi ategerezwa kwunganirana. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warabandanije kandi kuraba ukuntu wokorana n amashirahamwe adaharanira inyungu za politike, na cane cane ayishinze guteza imbere agateka ka zina muntu, hamwe n ibimenyeshamakuru. Ikibanza umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu ufise co kuba hagati y izo nzego n ayo mashirahamwe hamwe n abanyagihugu kirafasha kugira ngo uronke imburizi za kare, uhanahane inkuru n abo ivy ugohohotera gateka ka zina muntu vyega bose, ukaboneraho kuraba ingene hoboneka urunani mu gikorwa co gukingira no guteza imbere agateka ka zina muntu mi gihugu. 4

I. IGICE CA MBERE : IVYARANGUWE N UMURWI W IGIHUGU WIGENGA UJEJWE AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU A. GUKINGIRA N UGUTABARA MU VY AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU. Ku vyerekeye gukingira n ugutabara mu vy agateka ka zina muntu, ingingo ya kane n ingingo za 42 na 62 z ibwirizwa rigenga uno murwi ni zo tuguma twisunga. 1. Kwakira abataka n ugutohoza ivyerekeye ihohoterwa ry agateka ka zina muntu. a) Gutunganiriza abatatse umurwi Umurwi warasizeho igisata cakira abaje bataka umurwi, bakarondera inkuru zose zijanye n ivyo abataka bashikirije, bakaraba n ukuntu ivyo bintu bikurikiranwa. Hariho igisata gishinzwe ico gikorwa kikaba kigizwe n abakomiseri batatu, abahinga babiri mu vy amategeko hamwe n abaserukizi b Umurwi muri za ntara zitatu. Ivyegeranyo vyateguwe n ico gisata biraheza bigashikirizwa abagize Umurwi wose mu nama zisanzwe ziba ku musi wa kabiri no ku wa gatanu. Iyo hari ivyihuta turashobora gutumako inama uwundi musi. Bimwe mu vyagirizi umurwi urashobora kutavyakira kuko bitajanye n amabanga umurwi ujejwe canke bishingiye ku nsaku. Hari n ibindi umurwi ushinga umukomiseri afashijwe n abandi bakozi ngo babitohoze neza, baze batange icegeranyo gisobanutse. Umuco ukwiye umaze kuboneka, icegeranyo kiraheza kigashikirizwa umukuru w umurwi, nawe agaheza akagishikiriza inama ya bose ngo ivyige, igire n ingingo ishinze. b) Abatatse umurwi Mu mwaka w i 2013, umurwi w igihugu wigenga wakiriye abawutatse bashika ku 251. Bamwe baza bavuga ukuntu bo canke ababo bahohotewe, abandi bakaza basaba abashingwamanza bobafasha mu manza zabo, abandi bakarondera uwobaha umuco akabereka inzira bofata mu ngorane barimwo. Hariho n abasaba ko Umurwi wobabera umuhuza mu matati barimwo. Ivy abo twakiriye twarabitororokanije tubigereranya n ivyo twakiriye vyose muri iyi myaka itatu iheze. Mubisanga ku mpapuro za 16 gushika kuri 19 rw icegeranyo. Tubiravye, dusanga abasaba impanuro y inzira bofata ngo batunganirizwe hamwe n abasaba gufashwa gushika imbere ku nzego zobatunganiriza aribo benshi. Muri iyi myaka itatu, twasanze bagera ku bice 43% y abo twakiriye. 5

Ku vyerekeye ivyo abataka umurwi ku vy uguhohoterwa bavuga, dusanga ivyerekeye uguhungabanya agateka ko kwidegemvya n ugukingirwa kw umutekano wa muntu biza ubwa kabiri ku rugero rwa 15% ugereranije n abatatse umurwi bose. Ibindi birego biraje ishinga abantu bikurikirana gurtya : gupfungira abantu ubusa (11, 7%), guhungabanya agateka ko kwubahirizwa mu matungo ya muntu (7,6%), guhungabanya agateka ko kutakwa ubuzima (4,8%), guhungabanya agateka ko kudasinzikarizwa ubuzima (4,3%), guhungabanya agateka ko kuburana urubanza mu butungane n ingingo (4%), guhungabanya agateka ko kuronka akazi (2,5%). Ibirego bindi umurwi waronse ni bikeyi ugereranije n ivyo dushikirije. Mu mwaka w i 2013, umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wakiriye amadosiye 98 asaba impanuro z aho umuntu yokwerekeza ngo atunganirizwe hamwe n abasaba umushingwamanza yobabafasha mu mburano barimwo. Abatatse umurwi bashika 47 twaraberetse aho botumbera kandi barashima. Dosiye zabo zaratunganye. Dosiye tukiriko turakurikirana ni 47. Izindi dosiye 4 twasanze zitari mu bijanye n amabanga umurwi washinzwe dufatiye ku ngingo igira 44 y ibwirizwa rigenga umurwi risaba ko umurwi utokwisuka mu bintu vyamaze gushika imbere y intahe. Iyo umwaka urangiye hari dosiye ivyazo bitaratungana, umurwi uca ubandanya ubikurikirana mu mwaka ukurikira. Idosiye 90 kw 172 zarashoboye gutungana kuva mu mwaka w i 2011 gushika mu mwaka w i 2013, ni ukuvuga ibice 57%. 1) Abasaba impanuro y inzira bofata hamwe n abasaba gufashwa gushika imbere Turavye ivyashikiriye umurwi vyerekeye abasaba impanuro ku nzira bofata hamwe n abasaba gufashishwa umushingwamanza, biragarara ko abanyagihugu benshi bataramenya ivyerekeye indinganizo y ivy intwaro n ivy ubucamanza. Hari n ibindi twabonye bijanye n ukuntu bigora abanyagihugu gushikira inzego zotegerejwe kubatunganiriza, zaba iza Leta canke iz abikorera utwabo. Ivyo twasanze biva ku kudatunganywa neza kw izo nzego canke ku kwikwega mu kwitaho abanyagihugu n ukubatunganiriza. Hari aho twasanga dosiye z abanyagihugu zarazimiye, canke naho amasango baha abataka izo nzego ari kure na kure rwose iyo aramutse atangwa. Abasangirakivi bo mu murwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu barafashije abatatse umurwi gutumbera inzego zobatunganiriza, haba muri parake, mu masentare canke ku rwego rw Umuhuza w Abarundi. Abandi batatse umurwi kenshi ni abanyororo babona bimuriwe mu rindi bohero mu buryo butumvikana kandi bajanywe kure y imiryango yabo na kure y amasentare ashinzwe guca imanza zabo, ivyo bigatuma imanza zabo zidindira. Basaba ko umurwi wobavugira ku buyobozi bukuru bw amabohero no ku mabohero vyega ngo babagumize aho bari. Ibindi vyasabwa vyari bijanye n abarwaye ingwara zidakira 6

bategerezwa gutezurirwa ufatiye ku ngingo y i 138 y itegeko nshikiranganji inomero 550/782 yo ku wa 30 ruheshi 2004 rigenga iringanizwa ry amabohero. 2) Abasaba abashingwamanza bobafasha imburano Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu wararonse abantu batari bake bawutaka basaba ngo ubaronse abashingwamanza, ariko uyu murwi nta buryo bukwiye wari ufise ngo utunganirize abawutumbereye bose. Mu mwaka w i 2013, abasavye abashingwamanza bashitse 45. Ufashe abatatse umurwi kuva mu mwaka w i 2011 gushika mu 2013, igitigiri gica kiba 121. Uburyo umurwi wari ufise bwo gufa agashirukabute abashingwamanza hamwe n ibindi umuntu ategerezwa kuriha bwari buke rwose, ivyo bituma Umurwi ushobora gufasha abantu bagera kw 10% gusa. Umurwi warashizeho indinganizo ishinga ivyo wofatirako mu gufashisha abawutaka ubwo buryo bw abashingwamanza kugira ngo ibintu bikorwe mu buryo bwumvikana, ata karenganyo, ata nkunzi, kandi turavye uburyo buriho. Iyo ndinganizo iraba cane cane bene guhohoterwa n abashinzwe abahohotewe. Umurwi waranaravye ubwoko bw amahohoterwa ubona ko bwihutirwa gusumba ubundi. Umurwi uritaho rwose abahohoterwa kubera imvo za politike, ukaraba n ukuntu abawituye ari abakene ba ntahonikora canke abantu badafise amagara n ububasha bukwiye ngo birwanire canke bikingire 2 : Abo Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu udafasha bari muri iyi mirwi ikurikira : Abasanzwe bafashwa n ayandi mashirahamwe nk iry abashingwamanza batagira imbibe, OIDEB, APRODH, ACAT, n ayandi ; Abubakanye bariko barondera kwahukana ; Abanyagihugu bari mu kutumvikana kujanye n imanza z amatati, kiretse iyo bigaragara ko urubanza rutariko rurakurikiza amategeko canke iyo umwe mu baburanyi akiri umwana mutoyi atarakwiza imyaka y abakuze itunganijwe n amategeko. Uretse iyo mirwi duhejeje gushikiriza y abatatse Umurwi wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu, hariho n abandi batase Umurwi bawushikiriza ubundi bwoko bw ihohoterwa. 3) Abatatse umurwi bawushikiriza ihohoterwa ry agateka ko kwidegemvya no kugira umutekano wa muntu 2 Aba bantu ni barya, uravye ububasha bafise, uburyo bafise canke ubwenge bwabo, biboneka neza ko badashobora gukingira utwabo n agateka kabo 7

Idosiye 27 zarashikirye umurwi mu mwaka w i 2013. Umurwi warakoreye kw idosiye 18 zirava mu nzira, 8 nazo umurwi uracariko urazikurikirana. Dosiye imwe niyo umurwi utashoboye kwakira kuko wasanze abawutatse bavuga ibintu bidafashe, ntibavuge neza igihe ivyo bavuga vyabereye ngo batomore amazina y abo bavyagiriza. Abatatse umurwi kuri iyo dossier bashaka ko wobafasha guhungira mu kindi gihugu. Ku vyerekeye iryo hohoterwa ry agateka ko kwidegemvya no kugira umutekano wa muntu, umurwi wasanze vyinshi bishingiye ku bwoba n ukwinubana kuri hagati y abanyagihugu batatse umurwi hamwe na bamwe bamwe mu barongoye inzego z intwaro canke inzego z umutekano. Hari n ibindi twasanze bifatiye ku bihe vya politike vyerekeza ku matora yo mu 2015, ugasanga hari ukwikenana n ukwinubana hagati y abari mu migambwe itari ku butegetsi hamwe na bamwe bamwe mu barongoye igipolisi canke intwaro, canke abanywanyi b umugambwe CNDD-FDD. Iyo umurwi usanze aho ariho ingorane zifatiye, waca ushikira abarongozi b izo nzego twavuze tukabiganira. Ivyo biganiro vyarafasha, bigatuma abo barongozi banagiranira ibiganiro n ababidogera canke babagiriza. Ni muri iyo nzira twashoboye gutunganya amadosiye 80 ku yashika 103 yari yashikiriye umurwi. Ariko hariho amadosiye n ubu akiri mu nzira kandi biboneka ko azotwara umwanya n ugutohoza gukwiye. Ayo nayo usanga afatiye ku bihe vya politike igihugu kirimwo, nk ivyereke abanyapolitike bakurikira : Agathon Rwasa, Cheauvineau Murwengezo na François Nyamoya. Biraboneka neza ko umuti urama ari uwushingiye ku ndinganizo y ivya politike, abo vyega bakagenda baraba ukuntu bobandanya bashira mu ngiro rwa rupapuro ndanganzira bumvikanako mu ntumbero yo kwitegurira amatora yo mu mwaka w i 2015. 4) Abatatse umurwi bawushikiriza ihohoterwa ry agateka k ugudapfungirwa ubusa canke kudapfungwa mu buryo butajanye n amategeko Mu mwaka w i 2013, umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wakiriye dosiye 14 z abawutaka ku vyagirizi vy ugupfungirwa ubusa canke ugupfungwa mu buryo buteye kubiri n amategeko. Dosiye 3 zarashoboye gutorerwa umuti, izindi 11 umwaka waheze zikiriko zirakurikiranwa. Kuva mu 2011 gushika mu 2013, abatatse umurwi ku bijanye n ukwo gupfungwa bashika 80. Idosiye 30 zaratunganye. 49 ziracariko zirakurikiranwa. Imwe ni yo itashoboye kwakirwa. Imyidogo myinshi usanga ifatiye ku kuntu inzira y ubutungane yikwega rwose, imanza zikadindira n iyo zaramutse zitangura kuburanishwa. Mu busho bwo mu gipolisi, iyo umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu usanze hari ibijanye n ihohoterwa waca 8

ubishikiriza abarongoye igipolisi hamwe n inyamiramabi zishinzwe ayo madosiye, kenshi na kenshi ihohoterwa rigaca rihagarikwa. 5) Abatatse umurwi bawushikiriza ihohoterwa ry agateka ko gukingira itunga rya muntu Mu mwaka w i 2013, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wakiriye amadosiye 13 ajanye n ihohoterwa ry agateka ko gukingira itunga rya muntu. Muri ayo madosiye, menshi yari yerekeye amatati y amatongo amaze gushika muri sentare. Kubera ko Umurwi utakira ibijanye n imanza zimaze gushika muri sentare, ico wakora kwari ugukurikirana ukuntu izo manza ziriko ziratera imbere, uraba ko zigenda zisunga amategeko kandi zikurikiza ubutungane n ingingo. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu barawutatse ku vyerekeye amatati amaze gushika mu murwi w igihugu ujejwe ivy amatongo n ayandi matungo. Gushika ubu, Umurwi w igihugu ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu nturagiranira amasezerano n umurwi w igihugu uraba ivy amatongo n ayandi matungo ku vyerekeye ukuntu iyo mirwi ibiri yokorana. Ko ata tegeko rishasha ryari bwabeho ryerekeye ivya sentare idasanzwe iraba ibijanye n ivyaciye mu murwi uraba ivy amatongo n ayandi matungo, umurwi w igihugu wigenga uejejwe agateka ka zina muntu waca utumbereza abawutatse amasentare asanzwe ari mu gihugu. 6) Ibijajanye n ihohoterwa ry agateka ko kutakwa ubuzima Mu mwaka w i 2013, abatatse umurwi ku bijajnye n ukutakwa ubuzima canke aho umurwi wo nyene ubwawo waciye wishinga gukurikirana ihohoterwa wumvise ni amadosiye 6. Kuva Umurwi utanguye gukora, amadosiye twakiriye ajanye n iryo hohoterwa ry ukwakwa ubuzima ni 33. Muri ayo, 29 aracariko arakurikiranwa mu butungane. Ayo madosiye arateba rwose, ivyo bikava cane cane ku kuntu bigora kuronka ivyabona vyemera kuza kwemeza ivyo vyabonye, canke naho ugasanga ivyabona biba kure hakabura uburyo bwo kuvyunguruza. Hariho n ikindi kibazo nyamukuru kijanye n ugukingira abahohotewe canke ivyabona kuko baguma baterwa ubwoba canke bagahirwa. 7) Abatatse umurwi ku vyerekeye agateka ko kudasinzikarizwa ubuzima bwa muntu (torture) Mu mwaka w i 2013, Umurwi warakiriye amadosiye 10 ajanye n ihohoterwa risinzikaza ubuzima bwa muntu. Muri ayo madosiye, 8 yarashoboye kwemezwa ko vy ukuri ihohoterwa ryabaye. Umurwi uranabandanya ukurikirana ayandi madosiye wari waronse kuva ugitangura ibikorwa, nayo akaba ari 15 ku yashika 30 wari waronse. 9

2. Kwama ugendura amabohero yose, wabimenyesheje canke utabimenyesheje, kandi ugashikiriza abategetsi babifitiye ububasha ivyokorwa mu ntumbero y uko abapfunzwe bokworoherezwa kuruta uko vyahora. Kugira ngo Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu umenye neza ivyerekeye iyubahirizwa ry ingingo zijanye n ingene inyamiramabi n abandi vyega mu rwego rw ubutungane bafata abantu bakabapfunga, waragendeye ubusho n amabohero amwe amwe mu makomine y intara zitandukanye. a) Kugenzura amabohero Dufatiye ku mabohero Umurwi wagendeye mu mwaka w i 2013, ibiteye kubiri n amategeko twasanze bikunda gushika ni ibi : - Abapfungwa baramara igihe kirenze rwose igitegekanijwe n amategeko batararengutswa imbere y intahe ; - Benshi mu bapfungwa baridoga kubona bataburanishwa, na cane cane abava mu ntara zitagira amabohero bakajanwa gupfungirwa mu zindi ntara. Basaba ko abacamanza bobasanga iyo bapfungiwe kugira ngo imanza zabo ziburanishwe n ingoga ; - Hari amadosiye menshi y imanza amara amezi menshi mu mwiherero. b) Kugenzura ubusho bw inyamiramabi Dutanze urugero, mu mwaka w i 2013, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu waragendeye ubusho bwo muri aya makomine : Bwambarangwe, Busoni, Buterere, Cibitoke, Kamenge, Kinama, Ngagara, Gihosha, Rutana, Bukemba, Makamba, Bururi,, Kinindo, Musaga, Ruyigi, Gitega, Mwaro, Ndava, n Ibiro bikuru vy iperereza vy i Bujumbura. Muri ubwo busho, hari ubwo Umurwi wasanze bumeze nabi cane. Hari n ibindi biteye kubiri n amategeko Umurwi wabonye. Uburorero ni nk ubu : Hari abantu wasanga bapfungiwe ibintu vy amatati atari ivyaha. Hari abapfungwa wasanga batarakwiza imyaka yo gupfungwa. Hari abo wasanga bamaze kurenza ya misi indwi yo gupfungwa ic amaso. Hari abo wasanga ico bagirizwa kitanditswe mu gitabu c abapfungwa. Hari abo wasanga bafise ingorane zo kuva mu makomine ngo bashikanwe mu busho bw inyamiramabi. Hari abo wasanga batagira amazi, n ibindi. 3. Kurwanya isinzikazwa ry ubuzima bwa kiremwa muntu n ugufata umuntu bunyamaswa nk uko bitegekanijwe n amategeko mpuzamakungu, ay akarere Uburundi burimwo canke ay igihugu avyerekeye. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu ufatanije n ishirahamwe ryitwa «Initiative Article 5» ryo muri Repubulika ya Afrika y epfo waratunganije uruganda kw igenekerezo rya 22 Munyonyo 2013. Uwo ruganda rwari urwo kumenya 10

n ugutunganya ibikoresho vyofasha gushira mu ngiro isezerano mpuzamakungu ryerekeye kurwanya isinzikazwa ry ubuzima bwa kiremwa muntu n ugufata umuntu bunyamaswa, hamwe n irindi sezerano ryitiriwe Robben Island (rya zinga Nelson Mandera yapfungirwako imyaka myinshi). Urwo ruganda rwabaye intango y urugendo rurerure tuzobandanya. Hari ayandi manama atatu yakurikiye urwo ruganda. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warashimishijwe n uko Uburundi bwateye igikumu kuri ya masezerano bita «protocole facultatif» aherekeza rya sezerano mpuzamakungu ryerekeye kurwanya isinzikazwa ry ubuzima bwa kiremwa muntu n ugufata umuntu bunyamaswa, igihugu cacu kikaba cariyemeje gushinga urwego rw igihugu rukurikirana ivy ukurwanya isinzikazwa ry ubuzima bwa kiremwa muntu n ugufata umuntu bunyamaswa nk uko bisabwa n arya masezerano mperekeza. 4. Kurwanya ugusambanya ku nguvu n ayandi mabi afatiye ku gitsina. Kw igenekerezo rya 4 Ruheshi 2013, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu ufatanije n ibiro biserukira Ishirahamwe Mpuzamakungu hano mu Burundi waratunganije uruganda rwo gukaburira indongozi zimwe zimwe ivyerekeye kurwanya ihohoterwa ry abantu rifatiye ku gitsina. Uyu murwi w igihugu waratunganije igikorwa c ubushakashatsi kugira ngo tumenye ico ingingo zerekeye ico kibazo ziri mu gitabu c amategeko yerekeye ingene imanza z ivyaha zitohozwa, ziburanishwa n ingene zicibwa co muri Ndamukiza 2009 zashikanyeko igihugu. Ivyo umurwi wabonye turabisanga mu gice ca kabiri c iki cegeranyo. Abatatse Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu ku bijanye n ugusambanya ku nguvu hamwe n ihohoterwa rifatiye ku gitsina twaca tubitumbereza mu butungane. Biragara ko ata bantu benshi baritura Umurwi ku bijanye n ico kibazo. 5. Kwitura abashikirizamanza ku vyerekeye ihonyangwa ry agateka ka zinamuntu. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu warabandanije utura ubushikirizamanza ibijanye n abawutatse, haba mu nyandiko canke mu kubivugana imbonankubone. Dufatiye nko ku karorero, igenekerezo rya 9 Mukakaro 2013, Umurwi warandikiye Umushikirizamanza mukuru wa Repubulika (N/Réf : CNIDH/81/E.N/JGN/2013) umutura iyicwa ry umwana w umukobwa yitwa Tuyisenge Ancille wo ku mutumba Buhayira, Zone Nyambuye, komine Isale mu ntara ya Bujumbura. Iryo yicwa ryari ryabaye ku wa 30 Munyonyo 2012. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wasaba ko urwego rw ubutungane rwokorana n urwego rw igipolisi rwize ivy amatohoza y ububisha nk ubwo kuko wabona ko hashobora kuba harimwo ibijanye n urudandazwa rw ibihimba vy umubiri w umuntu. 11

6. Kuburanira canke gufasha abo agateka kahonyanzwe kwiburanira, cane cane abagore, abana n abandi batishoboye. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu waragerageje ivyo ushoboye bijanye n uburyo bw amafaranga wari ufise. Mu mwaka w i 2013, Umurwi wafashije mu madosiye 9. 7. Gukebura Reta ku vyerekeye ihonyangwa ry agateka ka zina muntu aho ribaye hose mu gihugu, no kuyishikiriza ingingo zose zotuma agateka ka zina muntu gakingirwa kandi kabubahirizwa. Mu mwaka w i 2013, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warashikirije amatangazo atatu ajanye n ivyari vyashitse mu gihugu. Hari itangazo ryari ryerekeye ivy isoko nkuru y i Bujumbura yari yahiye igenekerezo rya 27 Nzero 2013. Irindi tangazo ryari ryerekeye iyicwa ry abantu i Businde muri komine Gahombo, intara ya Kayanza ku wa kabiri igenekerezo rya 12 Ntwarante 2013. Itangazo rya gatatu naryo ryari ryerekeye ikibazo co guhindura ingingo zimwe zimwe z Ibwirizwa Nshingiro rya Repubulika y Uburundi (6 Kigarama 2013). Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zinamuntu warashikiriye abarongozi b inzego zinyuranye z igihugu ubatura ibibazo biraje ishinga abanyagihugu bikaba bikeneye inyishu ibereye. Ni muri iyo ntumbero Umurwi watuye umukuru wa Sentare Ntahinyuzwa hamwe n umushikiranganji w ubutungane uburorero bumwe bumwe bw ukudatunganiriza abantu bwerekana ko hariho ihohoterwa rijanye n ukudashikira ubutungane burimwo ingingo. Mu makete twabandikiye, Umurwi warasubira gukebura abo barongozi ku vyerekeye uguteba guca imanza bidindiza ubutungane, ukwama bariko baratanga amasango y imanza atubahirizwa ngo abantu baburane, canke ukuntu amadosiye azimira ntaboneke mw iyandikiro ry imanza. B. GUTEZA IMBERE AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU Aha twisunga ingingo ya 5 y ibwirizwa rishinga Umurwi wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu. 1. Gutunganya inama n inganda z ukwigisha ivyerekeye agateka ka zina muntu. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu, waba wonyene canke wifatanije n ayandi mashirahamwe canke izindi nzego, waratunganije amanama 12

n inganda zerekeye kwigisha n ugukaburira abanyagihugu agateka ka zina muntu. Haratunganijwe amanama n inganda zerekeye abarongozi mu ntara no mu ma komine (abo mu ntwaro, mu bucamanza, mu gipolisi, mu gisirikare, mu rwego rw iperereza, mu bamenyeshamakuru, mu mashirahamwe adaharanira inyungu za politike) kugira ngo bamenye umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu n ukuntu ukora. Ayo manama yaca aba n akaryo ko kwigisha no gutsimbataza ibitari bike bijanye n agateka ka zina muntu. 2. Guteza imbere agateka k umukenyezi n ak umwana biciye nko mu nyigisho, mu kumenyesha no mu guhanahana amakuru ku vyerekeye agateka ka zina muntu. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu waratumye abahinga ngo basesangure ivyerekeye ivy imanza zijanye n ihohoterwa rifatiye ku gitsina kuva habonetse igitabu gishasha c amategeko yerekeye ingene imanza z ivyaha zitohozwa, ziburanishwa n ingene zicibwa co mu mwaka w i 2009 (L audit judiciaire des violences basées sur le genre: niveau d application de la législation en vigueur depuis la promulgation du code pénal d avril 2009). Uyu murwi waragirishije n irindi sesangura ryekeye urudandazwa n ikubagurwa ry abana (l exploitation et le trafic des enfants). Ivyo Umurwi wabonye n impanuro ubitangako turabisanga mu gice ca kabiri c iki cegeranyo. 3. Kugira isekeza mu gihugu cose ryo kumenyesha ivyerekeye agateka ka zina muntu no guhimiriza kukubahiriza. a) Isekeza ryo gukaburira iyubahirizwa ry ukwishira n ukwizana kw abanyagihugu Isekeza rijanye n iri yubahirizwa ryarakozwe ibihe bitatu dufatiye kuri bwa buserukizi bw Umurwi bwashinzwe mu ntara za Gitega, Makamba na Ngozi. Ihangiro nyamukuru kwari ukurabira hamwe aho iyubahirizwa ry amategeko agenga ukwishira n ukwizana kw abanyagihugu rigeze dufatiye cane cane kw itegurwa ry amatora azoba mu 2015, ayo matora twese tukaba twipfuza ko yoba mu mwidegemvyo kandi akabera ku mugaragaro (Le respect des lois régissant les libertés publiques : enjeux majeurs pour des élections libres et transparentes, édition 2015). Iryo sekeza ryahuza abantu n inzego zifise uruhara runini mw ikingirwa ry ukwishira n ukwizana kw abanyagihugu nka ba Buramatari, abarongozi b imigambwe, abakuru b imirwi y urwaruka yamuka ku migambwe, abarongoye inzego z ubutungane, abakuru mu rwego rw igipolisi, abakuru mu biro vy iperereza, abamenyeshamakuru n abaserukizi b urwego rwigenga rushinzwe ivy amatora mu ntara. Muri iryo sekeza, 13

abitavye inama bariyemeje ivy ukwubahiriza ukwishira n ukwizana kw abanyagihugu muri iki gihe gitegura amatora no mu matora, baranemeza ibikwiye kwisungwa n imirwi itandukanye kugira ngo hakomezwe amahoro mu migenderanire y imigambwe n urwaruka ruyamukako. Mugabo bose baguma bagaruka ku ruhara ntangere rw abakuru b imigambwe ku rwego rw igihugu, nabo bakaba bibera ku murwa mukuru w i Bujumbura. b) Amanama yo gukaburira abanyagihugu gukingira abaharanira agateka ka zina muntu Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warafatanije n ibiro vy umukomiseri mukuru w Inama Mpuzamakungu ashinzwe ivy agateka ka zina muntu hamwe n ubushikiranganji bwo gufatana mu nda, agateka ka zina muntu n ukudakumirana kugira ngo bahanahane ivyiyumviro n abandi batumire ku vyerekeye ikingirwa ry abaharanira agateka ka zina muntu muri iki gice ca Afrika yo hagati n ahandi. Ihangiro kwari ukuraba amategeko n ibindi umuntu yoteza imbere aha mu Burundi kugira abaharanira agateka ka zina muntu bakingirwe mu buryo bubereye. Ni muri iyo ntumbero Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warasavye abahinga ngo begeranye ivyiyumviro vyofasha mu kwubaka itegeko canke ibwirizwa ryoza rikingira abaharanira agateka ka zina muntu. Abo bahinga baranashikirije ibindi vyiyumviro vy ivyokorwa bijanye n iryo kingirwa n aho bitoba biri muri iryo bwirizwa. Ariko urugendo ruracari rurerure. 4. Gukwiragiza amategeko y igihugu na mpuzamakungu yerekeye uguteza imbere n ugukingira agateka ka zina muntu mu gushimikira ku burenganzira bujanye n ubwenegihugu na poritike, ubujanye n ubutunzi n imibano hamwe no ku gateka k abakenyezi n ak abana Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warafatanije n ibiro vy umukomiseri mukuru w Inama Mpuzamakungu ashinzwe ivy agateka ka zina muntu hamwe n ubushikiranganji bwo gufatana mu nda, agateka ka zina muntu n ukudakumirana kugira ngo turabire hamwe ingene ishirwa mu ngiro ry ivyavuye muri rya suzumwa ry Uburundi mu Nama Mpuza Makungu i Genève ryo mu 2013 ryogenda. Ihangiro rya mbere kwari ukumenyekanisha ivyavuye muri iryo suzumwa mu barongozi b inzego za Reta n abo mu mashirahamwe yigenga canke adaharanira inyungu za poritike. Irindi hangiro kwari ukuraba ibikenewe gukorwa canke gushirwaho kugira ngo ishirwa mu ngiro ry ivyasabwe n amakungu bitunganywe neza. Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu waboneyeho no gushikiriza indinganizo yeteguwe n urunani rw ibihugu bivuga ururimi rw igifaransa rwerekana ido n ido ukuntu ishirwa mu ngiro ry ivyavuye muri yene ayo masuzumwa ryogenda. 14

Ibiganiro bishingiye kuri ico gikorwa vyaratunganijwe i Bujumbura, i Gitega n i Ngozi, tukaba twizeye ko iryo shirwa mu ngiro rizobandanya rikurikiranwa neza. 5. Gufasha guteza imbere ivyerekeye ugufatwa kumwe imbere y amategeko n ukudakumirana nk uko vyemejwe n Ibwirizwa Nshingiro. Ku bijanye n uguteza imbere ivyerekeye ugufatwa kumwe imbere y amategeko n ukudakumirana, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu washingiye cane cane ku mirwi y abantu idakunda kwitabwaho nk iy abantu bagendana ubumuga, abahungutse canke abateshejwe izabo bagahungira mu makampi ari mu gihugu. Igenekerezo rya 10 Kigarama, amakungu yama ahimbaza rya tangazo mpuza makungu ry agateka ka zina muntu ryemezwa mu 1949. Mu mwaka w i 2013 amakungu yahimbaza incuro ya 65 iryo tangazo, yongera ahimbaza incuro igira 20 ishingwa rya ya nama mpuzamakungu y agateka ka zina muntu (Conseil des droits de l'homme). Ihangiro ry iryo himbazwa ryashingiye ku guteza imbere agateka k abagendana ubumuga. Kuri nya musi, abagize Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu twaragendeye ca kigo c abafise ingwara zo mu mutwe co mu Kamenge. Ibigoye ico kigo nk uko abagishinzwe babitwiganiye turabishikiriza mu gice ca kabiri c iki cegeranyo. Ku vyerekeye abateshejwe izabo, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu waragiye incuro zine muri Komine Ruhororo yo mu ntara ya Ngozi kugira ngo uganire n abo vyega ivyerekeye ingorane zijanye n ikibazo c abateshejwe izabo gifatanye n ic abanyagihugu baho binjiriye amatongo aho habereye ibara ryaguye mu mwaka w i 1993. Umurwi washaka kuronka umuco ukwiye kugira ngo ugire ico uterera n impanuro woha abarongozi b igihugu ku vyerekeye induru zari muri Ruhororo. Ivyabera muri Ruhororo vyasa n ivyashobora kubera mu bindi bice vy igihugu hari amakampi y abateshejwe izabo, amatongo y abantu baho akaba yarafashwe n abatari beneyo. 6. Gutunganya ivyigwa n ukugira ubushakashatsi ku vyerekeye agateka ka zina muntu Kugira ngo Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu ushikirize abarongozi b igihugu impanuro zifadika, waragirishije isesangura ku bibazo bimwe bimwe bihanze igihugu uravye iterambere ry ivya agateka ka zina muntu. Ivyigwa bine vyaratunganijwe, bibiri bikaba vyerekeye uburenganzira bujanye n ubwenegihugu na poritike, ibindi bibiri bikaba vyerekeye imibano n ubutunzi. 15

Mu bijanye n ubwene gihugu na poritike, Umurwi wize ikibazo c ukuntu abanyagihugu bashikira uburengazira bwo kwitura amasentare hamwe n ikibazo c urundandazwa n uguhohoterwa kw abana. Mu bijanye n ubutunzi n imibano, umurwi wize ibijanye n uguhana ihohoterwa rifatiye ku gitsina kuva aho igitabu c amategeko yerekeye ingene imanza z ivyaha zitohozwa, ziburanishwa n ingene zicibwa co mu 2009 kibonekeye, hamwe n ibijanye n agateka ko kuronka indero n inyigisho ufatiye kw ihinduka ry indinganizo y inyigisho mu mashure y intango, amashure shingiro n amashure ya Kaminuza. Ivyavuye muri ayo masesangura n ivyo Umurwi wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu uhanura Reta biri mu gice ca gatatu c iki cegeranyo. C. IBANGA RYO GUHANURA INZEGO ZA RETA 1. Gushikiriza ka buhanuzwajambo Reta n Urwego Nshingamateka, vyaba bisabwe n abategetsi vyega canke Umurwi uvyibwirije, ivyiyumviro, ibisabwa gukurikizwa n ivyokorwa ku bibazo vyose vyerekeye uguteza imbere n ugukingira agateka ka zina muntu, cane cane mu nteguro z amategeko yerekeye agateka ka zina muntu. Ng utu uturorero tw ivyakozwe bijanye n ivyo itegeko rigenga umurwi risaba: a) Gufasha mu kibazo ca sendika y abadandaza SYGECO n ic ishirahamwe ryari rishinzwe isoko nkuru ya Bujumbura SOGEMAC ku bijanye n inkurikizi ry isha ry isoko nkuru ya Bujumbura. Kuri ico kibazo, Umurwi warakoranye n ibiro vy icegera ca kabiri c umukuru w igihugu hamwe n umukuru w igisagara ca Bujumbura. b) Gufasha ka muhuza ku kibazo cari hagati y amasendika hamwe n ubushikiranganji bujejwe abakozi ba Reta, akazi n ugutegekaniriza abakozi Iki gikorwa cafasha kugira ngo abantu bagume bemera kuganira kandi haboneke ico bahuriyeko kibagumiza baraba inzira imwe. 2. Kugira imigenderanire y ugufashanya n amashirahamwe ajejwe agateka ka zina muntu ku rwego rw igihugu, urinani rwi nzego z ibihugu zijejwe agateka ka zina muntu ku rwego rw akarere Uburundi burimwo na mpuzamakungu yitaho agateka ka zina muntu. Mu mwaka w i 2013, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wabandanije wongereza abagenzi mu bajejwe agateka ka zina muntu haba mu karere ka Afrika canke mu bindi bice vy isi. Umurwi warasavye kwemerwa n ugukorana n umurwi wa Afrika ushinzwe agateka ka zina muntu n ak abanyagihugu. Waraninjiye mu runani rw imirwi y ibihugu ijejwe agateka ka zina muntu rwo muri Afrika yo hagati igizwe 16

n ibihugu vya Kameruni, Kongo, Republika iharanira demokarasi ya Kongo hamwe n Urwanda. D. IBIJANYE NO GUKOMEZA UMURWI W IGIHUGU 1. Ubuserukizi bw umurwi mu ntara Kugira ngo umurwi wiyegereze abanyagihugu bo mu ntara, haruguruwe mu mwaka w i 2012 ubuserukizi butatu bw umurwi bushinzwe gukurikirana ibibera mu ntara. Ubuserukizi bw i Gitega bukurikirana intara za Cankuzo, Gitega, Karusi, Mwaro na Ruyigi. Ubuserukizi bwa Makamba buraba intara za Bururi, Makamba na Rutana. Na yo ubuserukizi bwa Ngozi bukurikirana intara za Kayanza, Kirundo, Muyinga na Ngozi. Igice c uburengero bw igihugu kigizwe n intara za Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bujumbura yo mu gisagara, Cibitoke na Muramvya kiracakurikiranirwa ku cicaro gikuru c umurwi i Bujumbura. Kuva muri Nzero umwaka w i 2013, abakozi b umurwi baciye batangura gukorera imisi yose mu buserukizi bwo mu ntara kandi bakaguma yo. 2. Ugukarihiriza ubwenge abakomiseri b umurwi hamwe n abandi basangirakivi Ugukarihiriza ubwenge abo mu murwi birangurwa mu buryo bwinshi. Aha mu gihugu, abakomiseri n abandi bakozi barafashijwe n amanama canke inganda z ivyigwa zatunganywa n inzego zinyuranye canke ayandi mashirahamwe dusangiye imyitwarariko. Ku vyerekeye ibindi bihugu naho, abo mu murwi barafashijwe n inganda zatunganijwe muri aka karere k umuryango wa Afrika yo mu buseruko, baraja mu nganda zindi zabera mu bindi bihugu vya Afrika hamwe n izabera mu yandi makungu. 3. Abakozi, ibikoresho n ububuryo bw amafaranga a) Abakozi Ko uyu murwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu ukiri mushasha, uracakeneye kwiyegereza abanyagihugu mu ntara zose kugira ngo bumve ko ari uwabo. Mu mwaka w i 2013, nta basangirakivi bashasha umurwi washoboye guha akazi kubera ko indinganizo y amafaranga Reta yahaye umurwi atongerekanye kandi ari make. b) Ibikoresho n uburyo bw amafaranga Ibi twamaze kubivuga. Uburyo ntibukwiye namba. Turacarindiriye ko inzego za Reta zibifisemwo uruhara, harimwo n Inama Nshingamateka, inzego zikurikirana ivy amabwirizwa, n ubushikiranganji bushinzwe ubutunzi n itegekanywa ry iterambere, ko zigira ico zihinduye kigaragara, na rirya iterambere rirama ryama ari iryubakiye ku mushinge w iyubahiriza n ikomezwa ry agateka ka zina muntu. 17

II. IGICE CA KABIRI : ICEREGERANYO CEREKEYE INGENE AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU KARI KIFASHE A. IBIKURU BIKURU VYARANGA POLITIKE, UMUTEKANO, UBUTUNGANE, IMIBANO N UBUTUNZI MU MWAKA W I 2013 1. Ibikuru bikuru vyaranga politike Mu mwaka w i 2013, ariwo wari umeze nk uwuza hagati y amatora yo mu 2010 n ayo mu 2015, harabonetse ibishimishije n ibiteye amakenga mu vyerekeye ibiganiro vya politike, umuntu akabona ko amatora yo mu mwaka w i 2010 yagize ingaruka nini, na cane cane ko abarongozi bamwe bamwe b imigambwe baciye bahunga canke bakanyegera. Harabayeho itunganywa ry ibiganiro ryatumye hanagaruka muri ruheshi 2012 abarongozi bamwe bamwe b imigambwe bari bahunze. Mu mwaka w i 2013, uwo mutima w ugusubira kwegerana n ugusubira kuja inama warabandanije ufashijwe n ubuserukizi bw Inama Mpuzamakungu aha mu Burundi. Ubwo buserukizi bukoranye na Reta y Uburundi bwaratunganije uruganda kuva kw igenekerezo ya 11 gushika ku rya 13 Ntwarante 2013 rwahuje abafise uruhara mu vya politike. Harabaye n ayandi manama yakurikiye ashimangira iyo nzira. Ariko ntitwovuga ivyaranga politike ngo tureke kwibutsa umwitwararuko abanyagihugu bagize ujanye n ishwanyuka ry imigambwe mu mirwi itabonana, hamwe n ugusotorana n ubundi bugizi bwa nabi bwagizwe n urwaruka ruri mu mihari yamuka ku migambwe. Uturorero umuntu yotubonera mu rwaruka rw umugambwe CNDD-FDD, urwaruka rw umugambwe MSD hamwe n urwaruka rw umugambwe FRODEBU- Nyakuri. Ikintu nyamukuru gishimishije kandi cobandanya cubakirwako ni rwa rupapuro ndanga-nzira rwemezwa n abanyamigambwe bose. Mu vya politike, ikindi kintu tutokwibagira ni rya tanga ry imihoho ry icegera ca mbere c umukuru w igihugu kubera ukutumvikana kwari mu mugambwe w abadasigana. Ikindi cabonetse mu mwaka w i 2013 ni impari y abanyapolitike n abari mu mashirahamwe yigenga, hamwe n impari zabereye mu Nama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka ku bibazo bikuru bihanze igihugu. Muri ivyo bibazo harimwo icerekeye isubirwamwo ry ingingo zimwe zimwe z Ibwirizwa Nshingiro imigambwe itavuga rumwe na Reta hamwe n abari mu mashirahamwe yigenga babona ko guhindura izo ngingo kwoba kubaye ugusambura amasezerano y i Arusha. Hari n ayandi mategeko yateye impari, nk itegeko rigenga umwuga wo kumenyesha amakuru ryashizweko igikumu n umukuru w igihugu igenekerezo rya 4 Ruheshi 2013 hamwe n itegeko rishinga umurwi w igihugu uraba ivy amatongo n ayandi 18

matungo ryemejwe n Inama Nshingamateka igenekerezo rya 31 Kigarama 2013. Ku vyerekeye isubirwamwo ry ingingo zimwe zimwe z Ibwirizwa Nshingiro mu gihe hari impari nyinshi n imishamirano mu vya poilitke, Umukuru w Inama nshingamateka yarakoze igikorwa benshi bashimye co kugirisha uruganda ruhuza imice itari mike y Abarundi ngo bicarire ico kibazo ku magenekerezo ya 19 na 20 Kigarama 2013 mu ngoro isasamwo Inama Nshingamateka mu Kigobe. Urwo ruganda rwahuje abanyapolitike, abo mu mashirahamwe yigenga n abo mu mashengero. Abari muri urwo ruganda barumvikanye ku ngingo z Ibwirizwa Nshingiro zosubirwamwo imbere y amatora yo mu 2015 n izorindira zikazosubirwamwo inyuma y amatora. 3 Urwo ruganda rwarafashije rwose mu gusubiza imitima mu nda no mu kubona ko inzira y ibiganiro ariyo yubaka. Ku vyerekeye itegeko rigenga umwuga wo kumenyesha amakuru, urunani rw abamenyeshamakuru rwo mu Burundi rwaritwariye iryo tegeko muri sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Nshingiro. Kandi n Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka ziba muntu wari waramenyesheje Inama Nshingamteka umwitwarariko wari ufise kuri iryo tegeko. Ku bijanye n ibwirizwa rigenga ivy amatongo n ayandi matungo, abari mu migambwe itavuga rumwe na Reta hamwe n abo mu mashirahamwe yigenga bari baseruye ukuntu ridashimishije na mba. Naho ayo mategeko yari yatowe hakurikijwe inzira zisanzwe, ntivyabujije ko mu mice imwe imwe y abantu bavuga ko adahuye n ibitegekanijwe mw Ibwirizwa Nshingiro hamwe n ayandi mateka mpuzamakungu. Ikindi gihambaye cabonetse mu mwaka w 2013 kijanye n imigenderanire ya Reta y Uburundi n Ishirahamwe Mpuzamakungu. Ifatiye ku kugene ivyo gutekanya igihugu vyateye imbere ku buryo bugaragara ikaba inashaka kwihatira ivyerekeye iterambere, Reta y Uburundi yarasavye Umunyamabanga Mukuru w Ishirahamwe Mpuzamakungu ngo ahindure Ibiro vy Ishirahamwe Mpuzamakungu mu Burundi mu murwi mutoyi ukurikirana ivy Uburundi. Ivyo vyari kuba vyarangutse kuva igenekerezo rya 15 Ruhuhuma 2014. (Voir communiqué de Presse du Ministère des Relations extérieures et de la Coopération, N 204.20/244/RE/2013). Ishirahamwe Mpuzamakungu ku bwaryo ryabona ko gufasha mu bijanye n amatora yo mu 2015, mu bijanye n ugukomeza ibiganiro mu begwa n ivya politike no mu bijanye no gufasha mu vyerekeye ishirwa mu ngiro rya bwa butungane ku bihugu bivaye mu ntambara canke mu ntwaro z umukazo vyasaba ko amakungu abandanya yitaho Uburundi abwegereye. Gushika mu mpera z umwaka w i 2013, ibiganiro vyari bikibandanya hagati ya Reta y Uburundi n iryo shirahamwe Mpuzamakungu. 3 Voir http://www.assemblee.bi/cloture-de-l-atelier-d-echanges 19

2. Ibikuru bikuru ku bijanye n umutekano Ku vyerekeye umutekano, umwaka w i 2013 wabandanije neza wubakira ku kunguko k umutekano kariho mu 2012. Uko gutera imbere mu vy umutekano kwajanye n ukuntu amakungu yizeye Uburundi mu kubushinga ibikorwa vyo kugarukana amahoro no kuyacungera mu bindi bihugu nko muri Somaliya, muri Republika ya Afrika yo Hagati, muri Côte d Ivoire no muri Sudani i Darfour. Naho umutekano wabandanije utera imbere, imishamirano yari mu rwaruka rwegamiye imigambwe ya politike yari ifise ingaruka ku kuntu abanyagihugu bamwe bamwe biyumvamwo umutekano. Amadosiye y ivyaha bimwe bimwe vyari vyiswe n amashirahamwe amwe amwe ngo ni «exécutions extrajudiciaires» vyari vyakozwe mu 2011 vyarahavuye biraja muri sentare mu mwaka w i 2013. Gukurikirana muri sentare vyene ivyo vyaha vyama bifise ingaruka nziza ku vyerekeye ukurwanya ukudahana, kandi vyaragaragaye ko vyene ivyo vyaha vyagabanitse muri uwo mwaka w i 2013. Umwitwarariko ni uko ata ngingo ya nyuma irashingwa na sentare ku vyerekeye izo manza kugira ngo ukuri kugaragare ku vyabaye n abo vyagira. Naho mu gihugu hagati hariho umutekano ushimishije, harabonetse abagomvye gutera Uburundi nka ka karwi kakorera mu buseruko bwa Republika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo kari karongowe na Aloïs Nzabampema. Iterambere mu vyerekeye umutekano ntiryabujije ko habandanya kuboneka ububisha bw ukwicana. Muri komisariya y igipolisi ishinwze bwene ubwo bubisha, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wasanze urwo rwego rwamenye abishwe bangana 349 mu mwaka w i 2011, 338 mu mwaka w i 2012, n 390 mu mwaka w i 2013. Ivyo birerekana ko inzego z igipolisi zitegerezwa kubandanya zirondera uburyo bwose bubereye bwo gukingira abanyagihugu. Biraboneka ko igipolisi n ubutungane bahagurukiye kurwanya no guhasha abicanyi. Ariko umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warabonye hamwe hamwe aho izo nzego zitakoze uko zishoboye kwose ngo zirwanye ubwo bwicanyi nko mu kutagira amatohoza ahera kandi akagira ico ashitseko. 3. Ibikuru bikuru ku bijanye n ubucamanza Mu rwego rw ubutungane, harabonetse ibintu bihambaye mu mwaka w i 2013. Aha twovuga nka ya nama rukokoma y abo bose begwa n itunganywa hamwe n ikora ry urwo rwego. Kabaye akaryo keza ko guca irya n ino ibigoye urwo rwego. Itunganywa ry iyo nama rukokoma ku butungane ryari ririndiriwe kuva kera. N umurwi w igihgu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wari waserukiwe. Mugabo n ubu 20

uwo murwi urarajwe ishinga no kubona icegeranyo c iyo nama kitaraja ahabona ngo ivyapfunditswe bitangure kuja mu ngiro. Ibindi umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu washimye ni nka rya sekeza ryo gushira mu ngiro imanza zaciwe, ishikirizwa rya ca gitabu c ibwirizwa rigenga ingene imanza z ivyaha zitohozwa n ingene ziburanishwa hamwe n ishirwa mu ngiro rya wa mugambi wo gutsimbataza ubutungane runtu. 4. Ivyerekeye ubutungane mu bihugu bivuye mu ntambara Ivyerekeye Umurwi wo kumenya ukuri no gusubiza hamwe ntivyateye imbere rwose mu mwaka w i 2013. Uretse ibikorwa bijanye no gutegura itegeko ryogenga uwo murwi, umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu warabonye ko abanyagihugu bari bafise umwitwarariko ko ivyemezo vy ivyaha vyabaye bitozimanganywa. Aha twovuga nk incuti z abantu biciwe mu Kivyuka, Komine Musigati mu ntara ya Bubanza banse ko ababo bazurwa nabi igihe hari ibikorwa vyo gukora ibarabara rya Bubanza Ndora ngo barisige kaburimbi. Hariho n ibindi bikorwa bitari bike vyatunganijwe n amashirahamwe adaharanira inyungu za politike ku bijanye n ukuntu abantu bokwibuka ababo bishwe nabi hamwe n ukuntu bofata kahise kabasinzemwo imvune. 5. Bimwe bimwe mu bijanye n ubutunzi, imibano n iterambere Mu mwaka w i 2013, Reta y Uburundi yarabandanije utwigoro two guteza imbere ibijanye n agateka ka zina muntu mu vyerekeye ubutunzi, imibano n imico kama. Hariho ingingo zafashwe mu vy amabwirizwa n amategeko bifatiye kuri rya hangiro ryerekeza igihugu mu bikorwa vyo gutera imbere no kurwanya ubukene rigira kabiri. Reta yaragirishije uruganda rwo kuraba aho igihugu kigejeje gushira mu ngiro iryo hangiro igenekerezo rya 6 Kigarama 2013. Igenekerezo rya 26 Myandagaro 2013, Reta yari yatangaje icese ingene hokurikiranwa n ubuhinga bubereye kandi bwega igihugu cose ivyerekeye iterambere guhera mu ma zone n amakomine, gurtyo hakarwanywa ubukene. Ivyo vyatumye abanyagihugu babona ko hari iyindi ntumbero yobafasha ibegereye. Igisigaye kandi gikomeye ni ukuyishira mu ngiro. Naho dukenguruka ivyo vyateye imbere mu bijanye n agateka ka zina muntu mu vy ubutunzi, imibano n imico, ingorane ntizaheze. Ikintu nyamukuru cababaje igihugu cose ni ic amasoko yagiye arasha, harimwo n isoko nkuru ya Bujumbura yahiye igenekerezo rya 27 Nzero 2013. Uwo mucanwa waturiye amasoko warononye ibintu vyinshi ku butunzi n ivyerekeye imibano. Reta y Uburundi yari yaciye yishinga kwubaka isoko mfatakibanza ku kibuga cegereye COTEBU muri Komine Ngagara. Ibikorwa vyo 21

gutunganya iyo soko vyari vyavuzwe ko bizoba vyarangiye mu mpera z ukwezi kwa kane kw uwo mwaka nyene, ariko umwaka warinze uhera ibikorwa bikibandanya. Mu ngaruka z isha ry isoko nkuru ya Bujumbura, Umurwi w igihugu wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu wagomba uvuge ugushamirana kwabaye hagati y inzego za Reta hamwe n ishirahamwe ryatunganya ivy iryo soko ryitwa SOGEMAC hamwe na sendika y abadandaza yitwa SYGECO. Isha ry amasoko ryaragize ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw abanyagihugu, ivyo bituma bamwe bamwe mu mashirahamwe adaharanira inyungu za politike batunganya imyiyerekano yo kwiyamiriza ibituma ubuzima buzimba. Ni naho ayo mashirahamwe atari make yahava arungikira umukuru w igihugu n umukuru w Inama Nshingamateka ikete risaba ko abashingamateka n abakenguzamateka batotora itegeko rishinga rya tagisi bita TVA. Aho hari kw igenekerezo rya 11 Ruheshi 2013. Ayo mashirahamwe yiyamiriza iyongerezwa ry amatagisi ku bidandazwa bimwe bimwe vya nkenerwa mu buzima bwa misi yose igihe cose Reta itaronse amafaranga yari yategekanijwe mw ibwirizwa ry amafaranga akoreshwa ku mwaka. Mu bijanye n inyigisho mu mashure, Reta yarafashe ingingo zimwe zimwe zofasha Uburundi gushikira indinganizo mpuzamakungu mu vy inyigisho zashinzwe n urwego rwa UNESCO. Ni no muri iyo ntumbero hatunganijwe umugambi w ishure nshingiro : Imyaka 9 mu mashure y intango yoshingira cane cane ku kuronka ubukerebutsi n ububangutsi mu bijanye n imyuga. Kuri ivyo vy inyigisho mu mashure y intango n ayisumbuye, harashinzwe ibwirizwa rishasha n 1/19 ryo ku wa 19 Nyakanga 2013 ritunganya ico gisata. Ariko rero ico gisata caragize ingorane zatumye haba imyidogo ijanye n ihagarikwa ry ibikorwa rihamagajwe n amasendika canke abanyeshure. Ku vyerekeye inganisha ry imishahara y abakozi ba Reta, ibiganiro vyari vyatanguye vyahavuye bihagarara kubera ukutumvikana ku ciyumviro cari cashikirijwe n amasendika kikemezwa n umushikiranganji w ibikorwa vya Reta, akazi n ugutegekaniriza abakozi, mu nama yabereye mu Rumonge igenekerezo rya 20 Rusama 2013. Ico ciyumviro casaba ko haboneka imiliyaridi 52 z amafaranga y amarundi. Kubera ukwo kutakirwa kw ico ciyumviro, hahavuye haba ihagarikwa ry akazi incuro zitatu (mu kwezi kwa Nzero, mu kwezi kwa Rusama no mu kwezi kwa Ruheshi 2013). Kugira ngo hatorerwe inyishu ikibazo c urutavanako rw ihagarikwa ry akazi mu mashure no zindi nzego, Reta yahavuye ishinga umurwi w igihugu ujejwe ibiganiro mu bijanye n akazi, ibikorwa vy uwo murwi bikaba vyatangujwe icese igenekerezo rya 25 Ruheshi 2013. 22