RUBEAUX GILLES Brittany - France Gilles RUBEAUX Sophie TIRARD 15/10/2013 Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Dairy production in Brittany 14 135 dairy farms (50 % total farms) 4,9 billion liters collected 22 % of french production 347 000 l / farm 51 cows / farm 6 740 l / cow 57 % of specialised dairy farms 21 % milk + cattle 13% milk + pig or poultry 9 % milk + cattle + pig or poultry Source : Agreste RGA 2010 Chambers of agriculture of Brittany Average farm 82 ha AA 56 ha forage area 413 000 l sold 56 cows 7981 kg milk / cow 1109 kg conc / cow 3,8 T DM conserved forages / cow Source : Conseil Elevage 2012-2013 Nord-Pas-de-Calais 2
Diversity of DAIRYMAN development plans More feed autonomy Less energy consuption Less workload and hardness More feed autonomy Adaptation of the grassland species Less inputs (mineral fertilisers, pesticides, concentrates) Less mineral fertilisers and pesticides Less energy consumption (simple soil cultivation) Less workload More feed autonomy Less inputs Less workload (week-ends) More milk Better milk production per cow thanks to maize Maintain low inputs (mineral fertilisers and concentrates) System with more grass More feed autonomy Less inputs (agroenvironmental measure SFEI) More milk Better milk production per cow thanks to maize and higher grass yields Less mineral fertilisers Conversion to organic farming Better work organisation over the year Better grasslands productivity and quality Less inputs (mineral fertilisers and concentrates) More milk Stop young bulls production Better productivity of grasslands and dairy cows Conversion to organic farming Nord-Pas-de-Calais 3
Farm presentation RUFFIAC South of Brittany 770 mm rainfall / year Good soils Specialised dairy farm In 2012-2013: 2 labour units 424 170 liters of milk 59 Prim hostein cows 8535 kg produced / year 53,5 ha agricultural area Nord-Pas-de-Calais 4
Farm presentation Structure Grouped paddocks 27 ha accessible for dairy cows Siège Covered sleeping area with straw + uncovered exercise area + covered feeding area Manure storage : platform for solide manure + pit of 800 m3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais 5
Farm evolution 2009 2010 2011 2012 Number of labour units 2 2 2 2 Farm system Lait spécialisé + taurillons Lait spécialisé Agricultural area 53,5 53,5 53,5 53,5 Number of dairycows 53 55 56 59 Produced volume 428 508 445 177 450 855 453 634 Area of grassland accessible for dairy cows 27 27 27 27 Ha accessible / cow 0,51 0,49 0,48 0,46 Number of young bulls 17 12 4 0 Nord-Pas-de-Calais 6
Farmers objectives A better productivity of herd and land but respectful of environment and economically profitable Economy Better income - Stop young bullls production to produce more milk - More milk per cow Social Balance work / family life - Facilitate work (animal restraint, office, feeding table for cows) - Contractor for fields work Farmers objectives Environment Better land productivity - Rotation with grass over all the farm area - Optimisation manure management - Less pesticides Nord-Pas-de-Calais 7
Diversification of crops 2009-53,5 ha Maize 31% forage area Grassland 58 % AA 2012-53,5 ha Maize 26 % forage area Grassland 66 % AA Nord-Pas-de-Calais 8
Modification of rotations 2009 2012 % maize on forage area 31% 26% Forage area (ha) 45 47,8 Rotation Grassland M M-T 45 ha 54 ha Rotation M-M-T 9 ha 0 ha Grassland duration 8 years PRG-WC 6 years PRG-WC 3 years HRG-RC-alfafa Durée rotation moyenne 9,7 years 8,5 years Nombre d ha de RGI dérobé 10 6,5 Nord-Pas-de-Calais 9
Herd and land productivity 2009 2012 % maize / forage area 31 % 26 % Grassland yield (t DM/ha) 5,3 9,1 Maize yield (t DM/ha) 15 17 Forage area yield (t DM/ha) 8,3 11,1 Stocking rate (LU/ha forage area) 1,81 1,67 Milk/ha forage area 9522 l 9490 l Produced milk per cow 8085 l 7689 l Dairy cows diet Concentrates 952 kg/cow/yr 727 kg/vl/an 118 g/l milk produced 95 g/l lait produit Conserved forages 3,9 t DM/cow 3,9 t DM/cow Grazed grass 2,1 T DM/cow 2,0 T DM/cow * * In 2011, 2,3 T DM grazed grass and 3,4 t DM conserved forages Nord-Pas-de-Calais 10
Environmental results 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 N mineral fertilisation at farm scale (kg/ha AA) 40g 30 15 N mineral fertilisation (kg/ha) On grassland On maize On triticale 42 0 113 33 0 122 18 0 41 N balance at farm scale (kg/ha AA) 121 132 93 N balance without deposition and symbiotic fixation (kg/ha AA) 72 83 44 P balance (kg P/ha) 9 14 9 Energy consumption (GJ/ha AA) 18,4 19,1 17,4 Incl on-farm energy 11,3 11,8 11,7 Incl off-farm energy 7,1 7,3 5,7 Nord-Pas-de-Calais 11
Economic results 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 Quota (l/ LU) 371 000 405 000 416 000 Total revenue ( /1000 l) 457 451 487 Variable costs ( /1000 l) 131 129 138 Frais généraux ( /1000 l) 111 111 129 EBE avant MO ( /1000 l) 215 211 220 EBE avant Mo repères réseau BZH 226 262 268 Milk price ( /1000 l) 284 340 357 Forage cost ( /ha forage area) 317 288 404 Feeding cost for cows ( /1000 l) 52 55 62 Feeding cost of the herd ( /1000 l) 67 69 82 Rnewing cost ( /1000 l) 26 34 27 Nord-Pas-de-Calais 12
Project assessment Project objectives Reached Not reached ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT TRAVAIL Stop young bulls Produce more milk Less purchased concentrates Rotations with grassland, Grasslands for harvest with legumes Less fertilisation Better grassland productivity Adjustments to facilitate work Contractor for field work Plus de lait / VL Better income (context : increase of inputs prices) More grass in dairy cows diet (difficult grazing season in 2012/2013) Nord-Pas-de-Calais 13
In the future After 2013 : Stop definitively young bulls production Produce the milk proposed by the dairy cooperative (in particular volume A of august, september, october) Max 500 000 liters Jump on opportunities to have more land Which economical and environmental impacts? Nord-Pas-de-Calais 14