GEOBS : TOWARD AN OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE OF THE 65 FRENCH SDIS MATTHIEU NOUCHER (CNRS UMR ADESS) FRANÇOISE GOURMELON (CNRS UMR LETG) JADE GEORIS-CREUSEVEAU (CNRS - UMR ADESS) Financial parterns : Region Aquitaine, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux Montaigne
1. Context 2. Goals and scientific positioning 3. Research questions 4. Observatory prototype 5. Preliminary results 6. Outlook and conclusion
International context: democratization of geographical information 1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 GIS GIS SDIs VGI Standalone ICT Network Web
International context: multiplication of stakeholders
French context: numerous SDIs (multi-level and multi-thematic) France Poland Italy Spain Portugal Czech Republic Croatia United Kingdom Turkey Slovenia Netherlands Germany Finland Bulgaria Belgium Republic of Macedonia Ireland Albania 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 5 6 17 19 52 Number of subnational SDIs identified in 2009 and 2011 EUROGI/eSDI-net project (EUROGI, 2014)
Open data French context: complexity of the informational restructuring January 2017 65 operational SDIs
Context: SDI assessment INSPIRE Directive : Monitoring follows a quantitative approach every year List of spatial data sets and services Indicators to evaluate the Conformity and the Accessibility of metadata and data sets Even if Reporting covers more qualitative aspects (every 3 years), almost no analysis of data use and relevance
GEOBS: Goals and scientific positioning Goals : Understand new ways to produce and manage environmental knowledge by analysing the (re)positioning of public authorities in the environmental sector SDIs : As a research object As sociotechnical systems (Akrich, 1993) better understanding of the flows and the governance of environmental information
GEOBS: research questions Question 1: How SDIs influence the ways the environment is represented Question 2: How SDIs help to manage geographical information flows Question 3: How SDIs facilitate the ways geographical information are used and appropriated by public bodies
GEOBS : Observatory prototype of the 65 French SDIs based on 3 axis February 2015 2015 2016 2017 Content Analysis OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE Strategy Analysis Use Analysis
http://www.geolimousin.fr Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) Geocatalogs [geonetwork] SDIs PIGMA, PEGASE, GeoLimousin Corpus of metada [fichiers XML] Analysis [CSV et GeoJSON] http://www.pigma.org Python Graphics Scraping Query Who? What? Where? When? by Python by XQuery http://www.pegasepoitou-charentes.fr Maps 966 3134 504 Python PostGIS QGIS
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) GÉOLIMOUSIN PEGASE PIGMA GEOLIMOUSIN PEGASE Services de bodies l État Governmental Organismes Public publics bodies Territorial ETAT ETABLISSEMENTS Sociétés Private PUBLICS authorities companies Collectivités territoriales privées COLLECTIVITES TERRITORIALES ONG NGO Associations Associations ASSOCIATION Research organizations Enseignement recherche Who?
Referentiels de coordonnees Systemes de maillage geographique Denominations geographiques Unites administratives Adresses Parcelles cadastrales Reseaux de transport Hydrographie Sites proteges Altitude Occupation des terres Ortho_imagerie Geologie Unites statistiques Batiments Sols Usage des sols Sante et securite des personnes Services d_utilite publique et services Installations de suivi environnemental Lieux de production et sites industriels Installations agricoles et aquacoles Repartition de la population_demographie Zones de gestion, de restriction ou de Zones a risque naturel Conditions atmospheriques Caracteristiques geographiques Caracteristiques geographiques Regions maritimes Regions biogeographiques Habitats et biotopes Repartition des especes Sources d_energie Ressources minerales Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 PIGMA PEGASE GéoLimousin What?
Referentiels de coordonnees Systemes de maillage geographique Denominations geographiques Unites administratives Adresses Parcelles cadastrales Reseaux de transport Hydrographie Sites proteges Altitude Occupation des terres Ortho_imagerie Geologie Unites statistiques Batiments Sols Usage des sols Sante et securite des personnes Services d_utilite publique et services Installations de suivi environnemental Lieux de production et sites industriels Installations agricoles et aquacoles Repartition de la population_demographie Zones de gestion, de restriction ou de Zones a risque naturel Conditions atmospheriques Caracteristiques geographiques Caracteristiques geographiques Regions maritimes Regions biogeographiques Habitats et biotopes Repartition des especes Sources d_energie Ressources minerales Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 PIGMA PEGASE GéoLimousin What?
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 10.7 9.6 7.0 6.7 5.0 3.6 0.13 64.7 60.5 58.1 54.1 6.2 1.2 0.6 63.3 58.7 57.6 55.6 21.2 2.2 0.3 AQUITAINE : PIGMA N = 3134 LIMOUSIN : GÉOLIMOUSIN N = 504 POITOU-CHARENTES : PÉGASE N = 966 Where?
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 10.7 9.6 7.0 6.7 5.0 3.6 0.13 64.7 60.5 58.1 54.1 6.2 1.2 0.6 63.3 58.7 57.6 55.6 21.2 2.2 0.3 AQUITAINE : PIGMA N = 3134 LIMOUSIN : GÉOLIMOUSIN N = 504 POITOU-CHARENTES : PÉGASE N = 966
mars-10 mai-10 juil.-10 sept.-10 nov.-10 janv.-11 mars-11 mai-11 juil.-11 sept.-11 nov.-11 janv.-12 mars-12 mai-12 juil.-12 sept.-12 nov.-12 janv.-13 mars-13 mai-13 juil.-13 sept.-13 nov.-13 janv.-14 mars-14 mai-14 juil.-14 sept.-14 nov.-14 janv.-15 mars-15 Evolution Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 4000 March 2010 - March 2015 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 GEOLIMOUSIN PEGASE PIGMA SIGORE
mars-10 mai-10 juil.-10 sept.-10 nov.-10 janv.-11 mars-11 mai-11 juil.-11 sept.-11 nov.-11 janv.-12 mars-12 mai-12 juil.-12 sept.-12 nov.-12 janv.-13 mars-13 mai-13 juil.-13 sept.-13 nov.-13 janv.-14 mars-14 mai-14 juil.-14 sept.-14 nov.-14 janv.-15 mars-15 4000 Quand? Quelle temporalité de montée en charge? 3500 3000 2500 INSPIRE monitoring Geocatalogue harvesting Changes in personnel 2000 ADELIE 1500 BxM 1000 OCA 500 0 GEOLIMOUSIN PEGASE PIGMA
Outlook: Strategy analysis (axis 2) Octobre 2014 2015 2016 2017 July 2018 Content Analysis Strategy Analysis OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE Use Analysis Data collection: Web site analysis & Interviews with SDI administrators about : SDIs goals, policy, vision Data Analysis: matrix analysis Rebai et al. (2013)
Outlook: Use analysis (axis 3) Octobre 2014 2015 2016 2017 July 2018 Content Analysis Strategy Analysis OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE Use Analysis Data collection: online survey and Interviews with SDI users about : usefulness, effective use, information Effectiveness, etc. Data Analysis: Integrated methodology that combines, among others, statistical and social network analysis Georis-Creuseveau et al. (2014)
Conclusion Observatory prototype bring greater visibility to institutional geographical information Integrating content, strategic and use-based approaches flows of geographical information into perspective Monitoring the changes in SDIs evolution Bring some answers concerning the new stakes of environmental governance
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION GÉOBS: TOWARD AN OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE OF THE 65 FRENCH SDIS http://www-iuem.univ-brest.fr/pops/projects/geobs Matthieu Noucher & Françoise Gourmelon Xavier Amelot Marina Duféal Amarilis Dorta Pierre Gautreau Jade Georis-Creuseveau Antoine Laumond Adeline Maulpoix Guy Melançon Julie Pierson Bruno Pinaud Nathalie Pinède Oliver Pissoat Ines Priat Mathias Rouan Karel Soumagnac-Colin