High-speed rail operations in France : demand, service level and profitability

Transcription

1 High-speed rail operations in France : demand, service level and profitability JF PAIX, Deputy Director Development Department Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF) 1

2 1. History and main characteristics of the French High Speed Railway Network 2. Traffic and Commercial results 3. Socio-economic effects 4. In view : future developments in France 2

4 The French railway passenger network in Dunkerque Calais Calais-Frethun Ville vers Bruxelles Boulogne St-Omer Amsterdam Lille Europe Cologne Hazebrouck Lille Fl. Béthune Douai Lens Valenciennes Arras 1993 vers Francfort Charleville -Mézières Haute-Picardie Luxembourg Sedan Le Havre Rethel Rouen Thionville Champagne Saarbrücken Forbach Ardenne Reims Metz Meuse Mantes Aéroport Charles-de-Gaulle Châlons vers Lannion Paris -en-champagne Lorraine Sarrebourg Stuttgart Versailles Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy Munich Morlaix Plouaret St-Malo Guingamp Vitryle-François Lunéville Strasbourg Dol Landerneau St Brieuc Melun St Dié Nancy Saverne Massy Bar-le-Duc Brest Lamballe 1989/90 Épinal Quimper Vitré 1994/96 Colmar Rosporden Rennes Sens Quimperlé Laval Le Mans Remiremont Lorient Mulhouse Les Aubrais Laroche- Auray Sablé Vendôme -Orléans Migennes Belfort -Villiers Vannes Redon Bâle Montbéliard Angers vers Zürich St-Nazaire Savenay Tours Dijon Besançon Le Croisic La Baule Ancenis St-Pierre Nantes Saumur Vierzon -des-corps 1981/83 Beaune Dole Mouchard Frasne vers Berne Le Creusot Pontarlier Châtellerault Chalon/Saône Châteauroux Futuroscope Lons-le-Saunier vers Lausanne Poitiers St-Maixent Évian-les-Bains Niort Mâcon Mâcon Thonon-les-Bains La Souterraine Bourg-en-B. Genève Annemasse Bellegarde La Rochelle Cluses Surgères Ruffec Annecy Sallanches Culoz St-Gervais-les-Bains Limoges Lyon Lyon Aix-les Albertville Saint Exupéry -Bains Bourg-St-Maurice Chambéry Landry Angoulême Aime - La Plagne St-Étienne Moutiers-Salins 1992/94 St-Avre-la-Chambre St-Jean-de-Maurienne Modane St-Michel -Valloire Brive Grenoble vers Turin Valence Milan Libourne Bordeaux Valence Ville Arcachon Facture Montélimar Agen Orange Morcenx Montauban Avignon Centre 2001 Menton Dax Avignon Nice Vintimille Nîmes Monaco Cannes Montpellier Arles Les Arcs- Antibes Biarritz Orthez Toulouse Draguignan St-Jean-de-Luz Miramas Bayonne Sète Aix-en-Provence Pau St-Raphaël Irun Hendaye Béziers Tarbes Narbonne Agde Marseille Toulon Carcassonne Lourdes Hyères Perpignan The network run by train sets is about 9000 km long out of which 1850 km correspond to high speed lines (HSL) and 7000 km are conventional lines The length of the network run by is 4 times longer than the length of the High Speed Lines In Spain : 1614 km of HSL 4

5 The French railway passenger network in 2008 vers Londres Clermont Ferrand is the only French region not crossed by There s no HSL in Clermont Ferrand region nowadays Brest Quimper Morlaix Landerneau Rosporden Lannion Plouaret Guingamp Quimperlé Lorient St Brieuc Auray Le Croisic Vannes Lamballe St-Nazaire La Baule St-Malo Rennes Les Sables -d'olonne Redon Savenay Cherbourg Dol La Rochelle Vitré Ancenis Nantes Laval Angers La Roche-sur-Yon Bordeaux Surgères Caen Niort Le Mans Sablé Saumur St-Maixent Angoulême Le Havre Libourne Lisieux Tours Châtellerault Futuroscope Poitiers Ruffec Calais-Frethun Évreux St-Pierre -des-corps Boulogne Rouen Vendôme -Villiers Limoges Brive Dunkerque Calais Ville St-Omer Hazebrouck Mantes-la-Jolie Béthune Paris Versailles Massy Vierzon Châteauroux La Souterraine Conflansfin-d'Oise Lens Arras Melun Les Aubrais -Orléans Juvisy Fontainebleau - Avon Lille Fl. Lille Europe Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy Sens Douai Valenciennes Haute-Picardie Vitryle-François Champagne- Ardenne Aéroport Charles-de-Gaulle Laroche- Migennes Clermont-Ferrand vers Bruxelles Amsterdam Cologne Reims Le Creusot Charleville -Mézières Rethel St-Étienne Beaune Mâcon Sedan Châlons -en-champagne Lyon Valence Ville Meuse Bar-le -Duc Neufchâteau Dijon Mâcon Dole Chalon-sur-Saône Thionville Commercy Besançon Culoz Luxembourg Metz Nancy Épinal Mouchard Frasne Lons-le-Saunier Bourg-en-B. Genève Bellegarde Forbach Lorraine Annemasse Cluses Annecy Lunéville Belfort Montbéliard St-Dié Remiremont Pontarlier Saarbrücken Sarrebourg vers Berne vers Lausanne Saverne Évian-les-Bains Thonon-les-Bains Sallanches Colmar vers Francfort Mulhouse Strasbourg Bâle St-Gervais-les-Bains Lyon Aix-les Albertville Saint Exupéry -Bains Bourg-St-Maurice Chambéry Landry Aime - La Plagne Moutiers-Salins St-Avre-la-Chambre St-Jean-de-Maurienne Modane St-Michel Grenoble -Valloire vers Turin et Milan Valence vers Stuttgart Munich vers Zürich Arcachon Facture Montélimar Morcenx Agen Montauban Orange Dax Biarritz St-Jean-de-Luz Bayonne Irun Hendaye Orthez Pau Tarbes Lourdes Toulouse Carcassonne Avignon Avignon Centre Nîmes Montpellier Arles Les Arcs- Draguignan Miramas Sète Aix-en-Provence Béziers Narbonne Marseille Agde Toulon Hyères Menton Nice Vintimille Monaco Cannes Antibes St-Raphaël Perpignan 5

6 Vernon Chars SAÔNE Conventional / High-Speed lines? The optimum of the capacity is obtained when fast trains and slow trains run on separate lines. Mixed traffic (Freight/Passenger) in terms of speed is capacity consuming. Vertical profile of the old PARIS-DIJON-LYON line London altitude ( m ) Conventional Line Reims Charleville-Mézières Sarrebrücken Granville Paris Troyes Orléans ( Les Aubrais) Toul Mulhouse Culmont- Chalindrey distance ( km ) 512 km Les Sables -d'olonne Bourges Nevers Le Creusot Mâcon Bourg -en-b. Lyon Évian St-Gervais Vertical profile of the new high speed line altitude (m ) High Speed Line distance ( km ) 425 km Concerning the French network, a high speed dedicated line was a much shorter, cheaper and efficient way to serve the passenger market. 6

7 Stations especially meant for in 2008 called «New Stations» Brest Quimper Lannion Lorient St Brieuc Le Croisic Vannes St-Nazaire St-Malo Rennes Redon Dol Nantes La Rochelle Arcachon Bordeaux Angers Niort Le Mans Poitiers Libourne Calais-Frethun 5/1994 Tours Angoulême St-Pierre -des-corps Châtellerault Boulogne Dunkerque Melun Lens Arras Haute Picardie 5/1994 Le Havre Rouen Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 11/1994 Massy 9/1991 Vendôme 9/1990 Brive Châteauroux Futuroscope 5/2000 Limoges La Souterraine Les Aubrais -Orléans Vierzon Lille Europe 5/1994 Paris Juvisy Sens Douai Valenciennes Les Arcs- Draguignan Laroche- Migennes Reims Vitryle-François Châlonsen-Champagne Le Creusot 9/1981 St-Étienne Rethel Marne la Vallée - Chessy 5/1994 Montbard Mâcon 9/1981 Lyon Saint Exupéry 7/1994 Champagne -Ardenne 6/2007 Charleville-Mézières Givors Montélimar Sedan Meuse 6/2007 Valence Ville Bar-le-Duc Dijon Dole Chalon/Saône Mâcon Bourg-en-B. Culoz Metz Nancy Mouchard Frasne Lons-le-Saunier St-Amour Luxembourg Genève Thionville Épinal Grenoble Besançon Annecy Aix-les-Bains Chambéry Pontarlier Valence 6/2001 Lunéville Remiremont Lorraine 6/2007 Saarbrücken Forbach Sarrebourg St Dié Belfort Montbéliard Évian-les-Bains St-Gervais-les-Bains Bourg-St-Maurice Modane Saverne vers Berne vers Lausanne Sélestat Colmar Mulhouse vers Francfort Strasbourg Bâle vers Turin Milan vers Stuttgart Munich vers Zürich 251 stations served by the 17 of them have been built for the High Speed lines since 1981 Biarritz Hendaye Irun Dax Bayonne Pau Tarbes Lourdes Agen Montauban Toulouse Carcassonne Narbonne Perpignan Béziers Montpellier Agde Sète Nîmes Arles Orange Tarascon Miramas Avignon Centre Aix-en-Provence 6/2001 Avignon 6/2001 Marseille Toulon Hyères Cannes Nice St-Raphaël Antibes Menton Monaco 7

8 The fleet (at end 2007) 424 trains sets : «Sud-Est» «Atlantic» + 61 «Réseaux» and 17 POS locomotives - 16 Eurostars sets Duplex ( double deckers) - 15 Thalys 8

9 Maximum commercial speed (km/h) World Speed record (03/04/07) km/h 515,

11 Services 2 kinds of models used by SNCF OD to and from Paris between two major cities : - without many station stops - Very fast trains - Travel times between 2 and 4 hours - High competition with air-travel market Paris Ex : Paris Marseille, Paris Bordeaux Lyon Bordeaux Valence Avignon Aix-en-Provence Marseille 11

12 Services 2 kinds of models used by SNCF Lille Europe Long distance trains : - many station stops - Travel times of more than 5 hours - addition of various markets between French cities Aéroport CDG Le Mans Massy Champagne-Ardenne Lorraine Meuse Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy Strasbourg Ex : Lille Nice and Strasbourg - Nantes Nantes Angers Lyon Valence Avignon Les Arcs Aix-en-Provence Antibes St-Raphaël Marseille Toulon Nice Cannes 12

13 The evolution of the (High Speed) traffic High speed traffic in France (million passengers) 100,0 Forecasted traffic growth with network extension Traffic in 2008 : billion Passenger.km million passengers (of whom 20 million in international traffic) Air Traffic in 2007 : million passengers in interior traffic of whom 20.1 million for ADP (Airports of Paris) 13

14 Long distance (> 80 km) modal shares Modal shares in passengers-km 60% 56% 53% Length of highway network (km) 8,500 11,500 Length of HS Rail network (km) 1,100 1,850 40% 28% 30% 20% 12% 15% 4% 2% 0% Car Train Air Bus

15 Modal shares Trips for personal purpose Trips for business purpose Modal shares in passengers 100% Road Modal shares in passengers 100% 80% 80% Road 60% 60% 40% 40% Rail 20% 0% Rail Air < >1500 km 20% Air 0% < >1500 km km 15 Air Rail Road (car)

16 Market Market shares in France OD to and from Paris 9% Car On all OD pairs to and from Paris plays a major role 37% 54% Air Including Paris Lyon, Paris Bordeaux, Paris - Strasbourg 1% OD missing out Paris 62% 37% 16

17 Market Air Rail competition % Fer / Fer+Air ,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 Travel Time by 17

18 Market What is the purpose of travelling by? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% «Pendulaire» : homework/school/college or university Professional : business, conferences, training, client visits Personal, holidays, hobbies, tourism 10% 0% Moyenne tous Nord 18

19 Market What do the passengers look like and what are their profile? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% Artisans, business owners, senior management Intermediate professions, shopkeepers, tradesmen, office workers 40% 30% 20% Students, retired, unemployed 10% 0% Moyenne tous Nord Méditerranée 19

21 Improved access throughout the country, thanks to high speed travel Paris 1980 Paris Grand Futur 21

22 Improved access throughout the country, thanks to high speed travel Evolution of the accessibility journey times for Paris 22

23 What is the influence of speed on the infrastructure construction cost? - High Speed Lines definitely requires fare increases - Cost of the first High Speed Lines : paid for out of railways companies founds - Cost of the latest and future High Speed Lines : paid for by sharing funding and responsabilities between different public bodies - The French regions wish to see the High Speed manufacturing program developped (important socioeconomic effects) 23

24 Costs reduction/and or saved time Optimal speed = We are looking for the best corridors in order to get optimum speed Travel time is one of the major cost drivers The optimum speed depends on the corridor corridors 24

25 Air-Rail connection Roissy CDG Airport is daily linked to 65 cities by and 500 services / day CDG other cities 25

27 Planned Network Extension 1,850 km in operations 4 new infrastructures under construction or just completed : The Perpignan Figueras link The Haut Bugey line The Eastern Branch of Rhin-Rhône The second part of the Eastern Line 3 projects in the offing : Le Mans Rennes Tours Bordeaux Nîmes and Montpellier By pass 2,000 km of new HS lines expected by ,500 km of new HS lines planned after

28 SNCF Total CO2 emission SNCF Total CO2 emission per year (million tons) #20% Electric traction Passengers Access Egress to/from Stations Diesel traction Buildings Rolling Maintenance Stock construction Miscellaneous Total 28